玉米螟赤眼蜂适宜生境的研究和利用:I.玉米螟赤眼蜂在不同生境中的分布与种群消长

本文通过对华北地区有代表性的作物生境，采用人工挂卵的方法，系统调查研究了玉米螟赤眼蜂在１７种生境中的分布和种群动态。结果表明，玉米螟赤眼蜂在不同生境中的分布、发生时间和种群数量有所不同，说明其对生境有一定的选择性。玉米螟赤眼蜂自然种群消长有４个峰，其中以春甘薯田的发生时间最长，种群数量最大，最具代表性。这４个峰在春高粱间作菜豆、春花生、平作夏玉米和夏玉米间作直立型绿豆这４种生境中也不同程度地出现。间作豆科作物可在一定程度上提高玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生率。玉米螟赤眼蜂种群数量年度间变异较大，特别是干旱的影响最为明显。     

草莓摘叶处理对果实芳香物质的影响

 对草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch．)‘哈达’品种坐果后植株进行摘叶处理，对成熟果实的糖类和芳香物质含量进行了测定分析，结果表明：不摘叶、摘1/3叶和摘2/3叶3个处理果实GC/MS分析分别检测出43、33和37种芳香物质成分。随摘叶程度加重，芳香物质成分中酯类的相对含量呈下降趋势，而醛类的相对含量呈上升的趋势；2，5-二甲基-4-甲氧基-3(2H)-呋喃酮的相对含量明显降低；果糖和总糖含量显著降低。     

肥城桃两品系果实细胞壁成分和水解酶活性的比较

 随着果实发育成熟，肥城桃两品系果实中细胞壁含量不断下降。可溶性果胶从8月1～16日明显增加，这时果肉硬度下降最快。两品系果实的细胞壁中离子结合果胶和纤维素含量下降比例不同，这可能是造成两品系成熟软化特性不同的主要因素之一。果实发育后期‘白里肥城桃’和‘红里肥城桃’纤维素酶活性变化的不同，意味着纤维素酶在肥城桃果实软化中起重要作用。肥城桃果实中没有检测到内切PG活性，成熟后期外切PG活性上升较快。     

钙及其拮抗剂对苹果果肉质膜透性的调节作用

采用培养果肉圆片的方法,研究了Ca2+及其拮抗剂对苹果果肉质膜透性的调节作用。结果表明,CaCl2(1、10mmol/L)降低果肉膜透性和溶质外渗速率(Js);细胞膜Ca2+通道阻塞剂Verapamil(100μmol/L)的影响不显著;细胞外Ca2+螯合剂EGTA(5mmol/L)、CaM的拮抗剂CPZ、TFP(100μmol/L)明显提高果肉膜透性和细胞溶质外渗速率。培养24h时,CaCl2能明显维持较高的SOD活性和ACC向乙烯的转化能力,EGTA、Verapamail、CPZ和TFP的作用相反。这些说明Ca2+对果肉细胞膜具有保护作用,而减少细胞外Ca2+和抑制细胞内Ca2+-CaM功能对果肉细胞膜具有伤害作用。     

干旱胁迫下抑制光呼吸对‘赤霞珠’葡萄光抑制的影响

选用葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.)品种‘赤霞珠’(Cabernet Sauvignon)的2年生盆栽苗，进行不同程度的干旱处理20d及随后连续3d的光呼吸抑制剂异烟肼(INH)处理后，测定其PSII最大光化学量子产量(Fv／Fm)、实际光化学效率(ФPSII)及净光合速率(Pn)，并计算其总光合电子传递(Jr)、羧化电子传递(Jc)、加氧电子传递(Jo)及光呼吸速率(Pr)，发现赤霞珠葡萄在干旱胁迫下能够有效调动其光保护机制以避免严重光抑制的发生，而INH抑制光呼吸后，光抑制程度则明显加重，从而证明干旱胁迫下光呼吸对赤霞珠葡萄的光保护机制起重要作用。     

Cortical gene expression pattern in rat focal cerebral ischemia

AIM: To investigate the genes differential expression in cortex during rat focal cerebral ischemia.METHODS: cDNA microarray chips containing numerous cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern between samples of focal cerebral ischemia and sham-control operation rats. RESULTS: Two hundred and eleven genes differentially expressed were screened out, among these genes, up-and down-regulated genes were 199 and 12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of gene expression pattern of focal cerebral ischemia based on cDNA microarray can realize high-throughput screening of the genes associated with the focal cerebral ischemia. The differential expression of genes may be related to the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemic diseases.     

Antitumor effect of chlorophyllin in vitro

AIM: To study the effect and mechanism of chlorophyllin (CHL) inhibiting HT29 cells. METHODS: IC₅₀ value and growth curve of HT29 cells were detected with MTT method. Apoptosis was detected with Wright-Giemsa staining, FCM and DNA electrophoresis. Telomerase was detected by PCR-ELISA, and protein and mRNA expression of COX-2 gene were detected through RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: CHL inhibited the growth of HT29 in a dose-dependent manner. CHL blocked HT29 cells in G₁ phase but did not induce apoptosis. Different concentration of CHL inhibits the expression of telomerase and COX-2 in HT29 cells. CONCLUSION: CHL inhibited the growth of HT29 cells by inhibiting the expression of telomerase and COX-2 and blocking cells in G₁ phase.     

Effect of homocysteine on expression of interleukin-8 mRNA and protein in THP-1 macrophages

AIM: To investigate the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA and protein in THP-1-derived macrophages (THP-1 macrophages). METHODS: Cultured THP-1 monocytes were induced to macrophages by 0.1 μmol/L PMA treatment for 72 hours, then the differentiated THP-1 macrophages were incubated with homocysteine (0.01 mmol/L-0.20 mmol/L) for 24 hours, or with 0.10 mmol/L Hcy for various time up to 48 hours. IL-8 protein in THP-1 supernatants was measured by ELISA, and IL-8 mRNA expression was detected by semiquantitive RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with control, Hcy significantly increased the expression of IL-8 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. 0.05 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L and 0.20 mmol/L Hcy increased IL-8 production by 1.28 fold, 1.32 fold and 1.55 fold, respectively (P＜0.01). IL-8 production were elevated significantly 3 h after treatment with 0.10 mmol/L Hcy. In addition, Hcy also increased IL-8 mRNA expression in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Hcy may contribute to atherogenesis by inducing IL-8 expression and secretion in THP-1 macrophages.     

检疫害虫稻水象甲的控制技术研究进展

稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus。oryzophilus Kuschel)是一种毁灭性的水稻害虫，也是一种重要的检疫害虫。近年来在很多省市发生为害，且发生程度不断加重并呈扩大蔓延趋势。本文概述了近年来稻水象甲大发生危害的情况及原因，深入分析了其发生规律，提出了加强植物检疫、农业防治、化学防治、生物防治、物理防治等综合治理的措施。     

反刍动物对不同方法加工处理青粗饲料的利用效果

总结了农作物秸秆、青贮饲料和苜蓿的国内外加工处理方法及反刍动物对其的利用效果。