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121.
Kano R Kudo A Kamiya H Kobayashi Y Maeda R Omata Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(10):1095-1097
To clarify the role of progesterone in the development of immune responses during pregnancy against Neospora caninum infection, C57BL/6 mice were given a progesterone pellet, and measured on Interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 production following the infection. IFN-gamma production in the prescribed group was significantly lower than that in the intact group on day 40 post administration. IL-4 producing cell population in the prescribed group was larger than that in the intact group. These results suggest that progesterone may alter the balance of cytokine production, and that the bias toward type 2 immune response may remain for a certain period after the infection. 相似文献
122.
Effect of feeding sweet‐potato condensed distillers solubles on intake and urinary excretion of minerals in Japanese Black steers 下载免费PDF全文
Yuko Kamiya Misturu Kamiya Ikuo Hattori Yoshiro Hayashi Masayuki Funaba Tohru Matsui 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):79-85
Four Japanese Black steers (16 months of age) were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of graded levels of sweet‐potato condensed distillers solubles (SCDS) in their diets on intake and urinary excretion of minerals. The four diets consisted of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% (dry matter (DM) basis) SCDS, with SCDS replacing commercial concentrate (CC). Intake of K, Cl, S, P and Mg increased linearly with increasing SCDS content. Urinary pH increased linearly with increasing dietary SCDS content. SCDS feeding increased urinary K concentrations (linear and quadratic effects). Urinary concentrations of Cl increased linearly with increasing SCDS content. In contrast, urinary concentrations of Mg decreased with increasing SCDS content. Feeding of SCDS did not apparently affect urinary NH3,P, Na or Ca concentrations. These results suggest that high SCDS feeding is not a risk for crystallization of minerals leading to the formation of magnesium‐phosphate type calculi: although SCDS contains large amounts of P and Mg, high SCDS feeding decreased the Mg concentration and did not affect the P concentration in urine. Additionally, high SCDS feeding had no apparent effects on plasma concentrations of Na, K, Cl, Ca or inorganic P. 相似文献
123.
Hiroko Yamane Tomoko Ito Harumi Ishikubo Masaki Fujisawa Harumi Yamagata Kozue Kamiya Yukiyo Ito Masao Hamada Hiroyuki Kanamori Hiroshi Ikawa Yuichi Katayose Jianzhong Wu Takuji Sasaki Takashi Matsumoto 《Rice》2009,2(1):56-66
Heading date determines rice’s adaptation to its area and cropping season. We analyzed the molecular evolution of the Hd6 quantitative trait locus for photoperiod sensitivity in a total of 20 cultivated varieties and wild rice species and found 74 polymorphic sites within its coding region (1,002 bp), of which five were nonsynonymous substitutions. Thus, natural mutations and modifications of the coding region of Hd6 within the genus Oryza have been suppressed during its evolution; this is supported by low Ka (≤0.003) and Ka/Ks (≤0.576) values between species, indicating purifying selection for a protein-coding gene. A nonsynonymous substitution detected in the japonica variety “Nipponbare” (a premature stop codon and nonfunctional allele) was found within only some local Japanese japonica varieties, which suggests that this point mutation happened recently, probably after the introduction of Chinese rice to Japan, and is likely involved in rice adaptation to high latitudes. Phylogenetic analysis and genome divergence using the entire Hd6 genomic region confirmed the current taxonomic sections of Oryza and supported the hypothesis of independent domestication of indica and japonica rice. 相似文献
124.
Minoru Nishimura Asako Kobayashi Ryohei Morita Yuya Idesawa Yusuke Sakuma Ibuki Otosaka Katsura Tomita 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):390
Dietary fiber has high functional value in relation to gut flora. We searched for a high-lysine mutant of the most popular rice cultivar in Japan, ‘Koshihikari’, as a route to a higher dietary fiber content like a success case in new barley cultivar, ‘Beau-fiber’. We found several promising high-lysine mutants with high dietary fiber content. One of these, ‘WFE5’, has three times the dietary fiber content in white rice. Two rounds of backcrossing to Koshihikari produced a near-isogenic line with a high fiber content. The line’s agronomic traits were close to those of Koshihikari except for yield and eating quality. As these two traits are critical, we discuss how to improve them. 相似文献
125.
Derivation of a yearly transition probability matrix for land-use dynamics and its applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Transition matrices have often been used in landscape ecology and GIS studies of land-use to quantitatively estimate the rate
of change. When transition matrices for different observation periods are compared, the observation intervals often differ
because satellite images or photographs of the research site taken at constant time intervals may not be available. If the
observation intervals differ, the transition probabilities cannot be compared without calculating a transition matrix with
the normalized observation interval. For such calculation, several previous studies have utilized a linear algebra formula
of the power root of matrices. However, three difficulties may arise when applying this formula to a practical dataset from
photographs of a research site. We examined the first difficulty, namely that plural solutions could exist for a yearly transition
matrix, which implies that there could be multiple scenarios for the same transition in land-use change. Using data for the
Abukuma Mountains in Japan and the Selva el Ocote Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, we then looked at the second difficulty, in
which we may obtain no positive Markovian matrix and only a matrix partially consisting of negative numbers. We propose a
way to calibrate a matrix with some negative transition elements and to estimate the prediction error. Finally, we discuss
the third difficulty that arises when a new land-use category appears at the end of the observation period and how to solve
it. We developed a computer program to calculate and calibrate the yearly matrices and to estimate the prediction error. 相似文献
126.
Kodai KUSAKISAKO Hikaru NIIYAMA Erika ASANO Asako HARAGUCHI Jun HAKOZAKI Kazuhiko NAKAYAMA Sakure NAKAMURA Junji SHINDO Noboru KUDO Hiromi IKADAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(7):1015
Trichodectes pinguis, referred to commonly as the bear-biting louse, has been reported in several bear species. However, graphical (blurred or coarse) and genetic information on the louse is limited. In this study, we identified T. pinguis collected from Japanese black bears in the Aomori Prefecture, Japan. We confirmed 12S rDNA sequences derived from the collected T. pinguis and performed molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 12S rDNA. The analysis revealed the parasitic louse to be T. pinguis. Interestingly, the body size of T. pinguis found in this study was smaller than the previous recorded body size of them in Japan and Turkey. To better understand the biting louse infesting bears, morphometric and genetic information from other bear hosts needs to be accumulated. 相似文献
127.
Watanabe O Ogino M Iwamoto A Akiyama T Miki T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):575-582
From April 1994 to March 2001, monitoring tests (surveillance) for contamination of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) at commercial egg farms and farm traceback inspections for cases of SE foodborne illness were carried out in the Himeji Livestock Hygiene Service Center jurisdiction of Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. SE vaccination was not performed before the outbreak of SE-associated foodborne illness, and SE contamination of a farm was recognized. In the surveillance, the year average percentages of identified SE-positive farms were 6.1% in farms with floor feeding in an open-type henhouse (F-OH) and 12.7% in farms with cage feeding in a windowless-type henhouse (C-WH), but 0% in farms with only cage feeding in an open-type henhouse (C-OH). The highest identified proportion of SE-positive farms among all styles of farms was found (4.3%) in April 1997-March 1999. Farm traceback inspections were performed in 2 of 7 farms feeding by F-OH and in 5 of 9 farms feeding by C-WH in this period. Easier contamination with SE was found for C-WH or F-OH than for C-OH. Ninety percent of the birds (3,632,000 birds at 70 farms) are fed at these easier contamination farms by C-WH (89% of birds in 13% of farms) or F-OH (1% of birds at 10% of farms). Integrated sanitary requirements and SE vaccinations are especially necessary on farms feeding by F-OH or C-WH. Since 1999, these countermeasures have been performed, and SE foodborne illnesses and affected patients in Hyogo Prefecture have gradually decreased. 相似文献
128.
129.
Asako Miyamoto Makoto Sano Hiroshi Tanaka Kaoru Niiyama 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(2):87-97
Land use and landscape changes, which have much effect on local biodiversity, are driven primarily by socioeconomic forces.
Understanding these forces is important for preservation of current biodiversity. In this study, we clarified the socioeconomic
forces that have brought about changes in the forest landscape around the Ogawa Forest Reserve in the southern Abukuma Mountains,
Japan, by interviewing local residents and reviewing local historical documents. Furthermore, we reconstructed past forest
landscapes and quantified the changes that have occurred from the beginning of the twentieth century until the present by
use of old land-use maps and past aerial photographs. The use of forest resources has dramatically changed during the past
hundred years, and it can be divided into three periods corresponding to the level of economic development. The main landscape
has changed significantly from one mainly composed of expansive grasslands and broad-leaved forests into a mosaic of fragmented
secondary forests and coniferous plantations. These landscape changes reflect shifts in both the use of forest resources by
local residents and the management of the national forests. Clarifying temporal–spatial landscape changes by understanding
the historical relationship between humans and the landscape provides useful information for optimizing conservation and management
planning. 相似文献
130.
Effect of different methods for conserving rice grain on in situ ruminal degradation and in vivo nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation in steers 下载免费PDF全文
Makoto Miyaji Hidehiko Inoue Tetsuo Kawaide Masanori Tohno Yuko Kamiya Kazuhisa Nonaka 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(7):972-978
We investigated the effects of different rice conservation techniques on in situ ruminal degradation and in vivo nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in steers. Raw rice grain was dried before crushing (DRY), ensiled after crushing (ENS‐A), or ensiled before crushing (ENS‐B). Six ruminally cannulated steers were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with three dietary treatments: diets containing DRY, ENS‐A, or ENS‐B at 36% of the dietary dry matter. The in situ rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability were higher for ensiled rice than for DRY, and higher for ENS‐A than for ENS‐B. The ruminal pH was lower and the lactic acid and total volatile acid concentrations were higher for the steers fed ensiled rice than those fed the DRY diet, but a treatment effect was not observed in the comparison between ENS‐A and ENS‐B. The whole‐tract digestibility of crude protein and ether extract was improved when the rice grain was ensiled, but there were no differences in nutrient digestibility between ensiling methods. These results show that ensiling treatment can be a strategy to improve the nutrient value of rice grain, but the ensiling method has little impact on in vivo digestion. 相似文献