庆祝中国饲料工业协会成立20周年暨第五次全国会员代表大会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行借来东风促发展回良玉同志发来贺信李蒙杨汝岱同志出席开幕式

[本刊讯]深秋的北京,天高云淡,阳光融融.11月5日,北京人民大会堂热气腾腾,喜气洋洋.由中国饲料工业协会举办的“庆祝中国饲料工业协会成立20周年暨第五次全国会员代表大会”在这里隆重召开.……     

小肽对鲤鱼免疫力的影响

选用1 80尾体质量相近、健康的成鲤作饲养试验,随机分成4组,设对照组1个,试验组3个(日粮中分别添加0 .3 %、0 .6 %、1 .0 %的小肽)。试验结束后,观察在基础日粮中添加不同量的小肽对成鲤血液生理生化指标及脏体器官的影响,以探讨小肽对鲤鱼免疫力的影响。结果表明,1 )试验组成鲤血清中的免疫球蛋白(IgM)和补体(C4)的浓度均高于对照组(P <0 .0 5) ,其中1 .0 %小肽组的IgM和C4分别为450 .81mg/L和1 7.69mg/L ,比对照组提高1 4 .6 %和95 .7%,补体(C3 )差异不显著(P >0 .0 5) ;尿素氮(BUN)含量比对照组低(P <0 .0 5) ,尤其是1 .0 %小肽组比对照组降低2 7.9%;2 )试验组成鲤的内脏比、肝体比和脾体比均比对照组提高,但差异不显著(P >0 .0 5) ,随着饵料中小肽用量的增加肾体比也逐渐提高,1 .0 %小肽组的肾体比比对照组提高56.3 %(P <0 .0 5)。     

四倍体鸭茅产量及其构成因素的QTL定位

产量相关性状是复杂的数量性状,对鸭茅的单株产量及构成因素进行QTL分析,可提高育种中对产量性状优良基因选择的效率,同时为鸭茅遗传改良、基因克隆及分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。以四倍体鸭茅“楷模”和“01436”为亲本杂交而成的作图群体为试验材料,于2014年对洪雅、宝兴两个不同生境下鸭茅株高、旗叶长、倒二叶长、旗叶宽、倒二叶宽、茎粗、花序长、分蘖数、单株干重等9个产量相关性状进行了表型鉴定及相关性分析。此外,在已构建的高密度鸭茅分子遗传图谱的基础上,采用MapQTL 5.0进一步对这些性状QTL定位分析。结果表明,绝大多数性状在亲本间呈显著差异且都整体表现出连续变异,符合数量性状遗传的特征;相关性分析表明,大多数产量相关性状均与干重极显著正相关,与单株干重相关性最好的依次为分蘖、株高;QTL分析发现,控制该9个农艺性状的QTL共60个,洪雅38个,宝兴22个,这些QTL分别定位于分子连锁图谱的1、2、3、4、5共5个连锁群上,单个QTL的贡献率为5.7%~24.7%,单个性状QTL个数为2~15个。其中,控制株高、花序长的QTL各12个,控制倒二叶长、茎粗的QTL各4个,控制旗叶宽、倒二叶宽的QTL各2个,控制单株干重的QTL有6个,影响分蘖的QTL为3个,与旗叶长相关的QTL最多15个。     

In vitro studies of Norwegian Red bovine semen immobilized and cryopreserved in alginate solid gel network

Development of new semen cryopreservation techniques improving sperm survival and ensuring availability of viable spermatozoa for a prolonged time‐period after AI is promising tools to reduce sensitivity of timing of AI and enhance overall fertility. The SpermVital^® technology utilizes immobilization of bull spermatozoa in a solid network of alginate gel prior to freezing, which will provide a gradual release of spermatozoa after AI. The objective of this study was to compare post‐thaw sperm quality and in vitro sperm survival over time of Norwegian Red bull semen processed by the SpermVital^® (SV) technology, the first commercialized production line of SpermVital^® (C) and by conventional procedure applying Biladyl^® extender (B). Post‐thaw sperm motility was not significantly different between SV, C and B semen (p > .05). However, sperm viability and acrosome intactness were higher for SV than C and B semen (p < .05). Small differences in DNA quality were observed (p < .05). Sperm viability after storage in uterus ex vivo was higher for SV than for C semen (p < .05). Furthermore, sperm survival in vitro over time at physiological temperature was significantly higher for SV semen than C semen as well as B semen during the incubation period of 48 hr (p < .05). In conclusion, the SpermVital^® technology is improved and is more efficient in conserving post‐thaw sperm quality and results in higher sperm viability over time in vitro for SV than for C and B semen.     

Effects of five cryoprotectants on proliferation and differentiation‐related gene expression of frozen‐thawed bovine calf testicular tissue

The cryopreservation of testicular tissue is a potential method for preserving male fertility. However, the effect of cryopreservation on bovine calf testicular tissue is scarce. This study investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on bovine calf testicular tissue at the molecular level. Testicular tissue from ten immature bovine calves (6 months) was collected after slaughter and cryopreserved in an extender containing different concentrations of the following five cryopreservation solutions (CP): bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trehalose with 5% DMSO, DMSO and glycerol and ethylene glycol (EG). After 7‐day cryopreservation, the expression levels of three spermatogonial stem cell (SSC)‐related genes, octamer‐4 (OCT4), KIT ligand (MGF/SCF) and kit oncogene (C‐KIT), were investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The cell viability was highest for the tissues preserved with 30 mg/ml BSA (77.82% ± 1.22) and 40 mg/ml trehalose (74.23% ± 1.16) compared with other groups (p < 0.05), and the level of expression of the three genes was highest with 30 mg/ml BSA (p < 0.05). Compared with other CPs, the 30 mg/ml BSA and 40 mg/ml trehalose have the better cryopreserve protection. The 30 mg/ml BSA is the most viable media for the cryopreservation of testicular tissue from cattle.     

欧盟国家非洲猪瘟流行情况及对我国防控工作的启示

非洲猪瘟(ASF)1957年首次扩散到欧洲,2014年再次从高加索地区传入,并迅速在波罗的海周边国家蔓延,至2018年4月已扩散至欧盟8个成员国,且逐渐呈现地方性流行态势。本文重点介绍了欧洲国家的ASF扩散史,综述了病毒在欧盟国家扩散的主要途径,梳理了欧盟的ASF防控法规和措施,并对我国ASF防控提出了建议,以期为ASF防控提供帮助。     

Effect of Luteolin on Blood Indexes,Liver and Kidney in Mice with Acute Mercury Poisoning

To study the effect of luteolin on blood indexes,liver and kidney in mice with acute mercury poisoning,28 mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (intraperitoneal injection 0.9% saline),luteolin group (lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin),mercuric chloride group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercury chloride) and mercury chloride+luteolin group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercuric chloride,lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin).The activities of ALT in serum,AST,CREA and BUN contents,blood WBC,RBC,HGB content and GSH and MDA contents of liver tissue were detected.Morphological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed.The results showed that compared with the control group,the activities of ALT and AST of mercuric chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01),serum CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05) while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were obviously.Compared with mercuric chloride group,the activities of ALT,AST in serum,CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents of mercuric chloride+luteolin group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05),while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly elevated (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were attenuated obviously.The poisoning were characterized by inflammation and the occurrence of anemia when acute mercury poisoning occurred,liver and kidney showed different degrees of injury in mice.Luteolin could reduce the toxic effects of acute mercury poisoning on blood,liver and kidney.     

仓房自动堆包机的研制与设计

仓房自动堆包机是专门为粮食储藏和粮食加工企业研制的一款有限空间堆包设备。它不仅能在有限空间将粮包提升到目标高度、自动堆放,而且还能替代多人工作,设备操作简单、方便、灵活,可实现粮食储藏和食品加工企业有限仓房机械化作业。     

TFSQ型高效环保组合式粮食杂质清理筛的研制

通过对振动筛理、垂直风选、旋风分离与沉降系统的研究,研制出集振动筛理、风选、旋风分离沉降、含尘气流循环再利用为一体的TFSQ型高效环保组合式粮食杂质清理筛。经应用测试和专家鉴定:该设备具有清理效率高、清理过程粉尘污染小,使用维护方便、可靠性强等优点,具有广阔的市场推广前景。     

亚洲棉GaPP2C24基因的克隆及表达分析

PP2C是一大类重要的蛋白磷酸酶,广泛参与不同的逆境胁迫响应。为了解PP2C基因在干旱响应中的功能,以亚洲棉石系亚1号为材料,利用RT-PCR方法从中克隆了GaPP2C24基因,并对该基因进行了生物信息学分析,荧光定量PCR研究了其在亚洲棉不同组织和干旱胁迫下的表达情况。结果表明,GaPP2C24基因CDS序列全长为1 251 bp,编码416个氨基酸。序列同源比对发现,GaPP2C24与其他植物的PP2C氨基酸序列有较高的相似性,其中与可可树(EOY33930.1)、黄麻(OMO91132.1)的相似性分别为85%,84%。进化分析表明,GaPP2C24与同属锦葵目的黄麻聚在一支,亲缘关系最近,与可可树的亲缘关系次之。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,GaPP2C24基因在子叶、下胚轴、胚根、叶、茎和根均有表达,且在茎中的表达量最高,根中次之。GaPP2C24受干旱胁迫的诱导表达,其在根和叶片中的相对表达量在处理1 h后最高,分别达到对照的53.9,6.9倍,推测该基因在棉花干旱响应中有重要作用。