The effects of dietary fiber level on nutrient digestibility in growing pigs

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of total dietary fiber level on nutrient digestibility and the relationship between apparent total tract digestibility of total dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber and available energy. Sugar beet pulp was as the only fiber source. The experiment was designed as a 6 x 6 Latin square with an adaptation period of 7 d followed by a 5-d total collection of feces and urine. Feed intake tended to decrease （P =0.] O） as total dietary fiber level increased. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy decreased （P 〈0.0]） when total dietary fiber increased but the digestibility of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber increased （P 〈0.01）. The digestible energy and metabolizable energy content of diets decreased （P 〈0.01） as the total dietary fiber increased.     

亚麻籽对肉鸡生产性能及肌肉中ω-3 PUFA富集的影响

本研究采用二次正交旋转组合试验设计,研究日粮中添加亚麻籽和VE对肉鸡生产性能及总ω-3 PUFA沉积的影响.随机选取1 020只2周龄的AA肉鸡,分成16个试验组和1个对照组.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组添加不同水平的亚麻籽和VE.结果表明:试验5组(3%亚麻籽)肉鸡平均日增重比对照组低3.38%(P<0.05),胸肉和腿肉中沉积的总ω-3 PUFA分别比对照组提高77.91%和94.11%(P<0.01);建立总ω-3 PUFA沉积量和平均日增重的综合函数为:L(y)=43.65 1.55 X1 1.51 X12 1.69X22.以上结果提示,亚麻籽和VE的添加量分别为16.39、0.07 g/kg时,肌肉中总ω-3 PUFA沉积较多,同时肉鸡的平均日增重较高.     

乙型脑炎病毒减毒SA14-14-2-B3株基因组全序列分析

为进一步了解乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)减毒疫苗株基因组变异和分子遗传特性,本研究根据已发表的JEV基因组序列,设计合成了8对引物,应用RT-PCR对SA14-14-2-B3株基因组进行了克隆和序列测定,获得了该株病毒的全基因组序列(10977nt)并推导出其编码的氨基酸序列(3432aa)。序列分析表明:SA14-14-2-B3株与疫苗株SA14-14-2和SA(A)及野毒株SA14的核苷酸和氨基酸相似性较高,分别为99.8%、99.9%、99.4%和99.7%、99.8%、99.1%,与猪源分离株HEN0701和KV1899的核苷酸与氨基酸相似性较低,分别为88.5%、88.5%和97.6%、96.6%,比较显示在SA14-14-2-B3株基因组第10700nt处有一碱基"G"的插入。以全基因组为基础,对SA14-14-2-B3株进行遗传进化关系分析,结果表明:SA14-14-2-B3株与SA14源病毒株SA14、SA14-14-2、SA(A)、SA(V)及分离株Beijing-1、p3、WHe和HW的遗传关系较近,与XJP613株和HEN0701株的遗传关系较远。以E基因为基础,对SA14-14-2-B3株进行遗传进化关系分析,结果表明SA14-14-2-B3株属于JEV基因Ⅲ型。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪生产中的研究进展

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)是精氨酸合成链中N-乙酰谷氨酸(NAG)的类似物,可替代NAG作为机体合成精氨酸的外源前体物质,在畜禽生产具有增强机体免疫能力、促进生长发育、提高繁殖性能、改善胴体品质等作用.文章结合近年国内外研究结果就NCG的主要生物学作用及其在猪生产的应用效果作一综述,以期为NCG在猪生产中的广泛应用提供...     

奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌8种毒力基因的PCR检测

为研究奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)主要毒力因子的分布情况,本试验利用PCR对70株临床型乳房炎、55株隐性乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的8种主要毒力基因进行检测。结果显示,nuc、ClfA、TSST-1、PVL、Hla、Hlb、FnBPA和FnBPB 8种毒力基因在临床型乳房炎SA菌株中的检出率分别为:100.0%(70株)、100.0%(70株)、0(0株)、5.7%(4株)、100.0%(70株)、11.4%(8株)、97.1%(68株)和100.0%(70株);在隐性乳房炎SA菌株中的检出率分别为:100.0%(55株)、100.0%(55株)、0(0株)、70.9%(39株)、98.2%(54株)、9.1%(5株)、100.0%(55株)和100.0%(55株)。结果表明,nuc、ClfA、Hla、Hlb和FnBPA 5种毒力基因是引起奶牛乳房炎的SA的最主要毒力基因;PVL基因可能是引起隐性乳房炎的重要致病基因。     

羊痘的研究进展

羊痘病毒能引起山羊痘、绵羊痘和牛的结节性疹块病。羊痘是以发热、全身性的皮肤损伤、痘疹和淋巴结病变为特征。羊痘病毒是所有动物痘病毒中最为重要的一种，严重影响养羊业和国际贸易的发展。本文从病原学、流行病学、诊断和预防控制等方面对羊痘做一综述。虽然此病从临床症状和宿主特异性上很容易做出诊断，但进一步的实验室确诊还是必要的，现已有多种检测方法和诊断试剂。控制该病最有效的方法还是使用疫苗对易感动物进行免疫接种。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE CANINE BRAIN AT 7 T

The purpose of this study was to describe relevant canine brain structures as seen on T2-weighted images following magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 7 T and to compare the results with imaging at 1.5 T. Imaging was performed on five healthy laboratory beagle dogs using 1.5 and 7 T clinical scanners. At 1.5 T, spin echo images were acquired, while gradient echo images were acquired at 3 T. Image quality and conspicuity of anatomic structures were evaluated qualitatively by direct comparison of the images obtained from the two different magnetic fields. The signal-to-nose ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated and compared between 1.5 and 7 T. The T2-weighted images at 7 T provided good spatial and contrast resolution for the identification of clinically relevant brain anatomy; these images provided better delineation and conspicuity of the brain stem and cerebellar structures, which were difficult to unequivocally identify at 1.5 T. However, frontal and parietal lobe and the trigeminal nerve were difficult to identify at 7 T due to susceptibility artifact. The SNR and CNR of the images at 7 T were significantly increased up to 318% and 715% compared with the 1.5 T images. If some disadvantages of 7 T imaging, such as susceptibility artifacts, technical difficulties, and high cost, can be improved, 7 T clinical MR imaging could provide a good experimental and diagnostic tool for the evaluation of canine brain disorders.     

鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、传染性法氏囊病三联弱毒疫苗的试制

用同胚培养的鸡新城疫Lasota株和传染性支气管炎H120（或H52）株以及用鸡胚成纤维细胞增殖的传染性法氏囊弱毒株以适当比例混合为抗原,用蔗糖脱脂乳作保护剂,经真空冷冻干燥制成三联弱毒疫苗。通过三批疫苗室内外各项指标的测试,表明该三联疫苗安全性能可靠,免疫效果确实,使用方法简便。在实验室进行的物理性状检验、无茵检验、支原体检验、剩余水分检验、真空度检查均符合国家标准;用10倍大剂量接种15日龄雏鸡无不良反应;以常规量颈部皮下接种免疫后,7d产生免疫力,免疫后14d抗鸡新城疫、鸡传染性支气管炎、鸡传染性法氏囊病三株强毒攻击的保护率均为,100％。对15日龄雏鸡首免,其免疫期至少为30d,在-25℃保存期为1年。     

用免疫荧光技术检测细胞培养物中兔出血症病毒

用本实验室制备的兔出血症病毒（rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV）高免血清,按常规方法提纯出抗体（IgG）,用异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记IgG。在细胞培养时,培养瓶中放入玻片,当细胞长成单层时,按常规方法接种病毒液,培养24、48、96、120h时取出玻片,用荧光抗体染色,在荧光显微镜下观察不同代次的细胞毒。经观察：兔肾上皮细胞（RK）毒培养到36—48h,羊睾丸细胞（ST）毒培养到72—96h时可观察到特异性荧光,随着培养时间的延长,荧光亮度增强,胞浆内充满特异性荧光。用肝组织强毒病料触片,呈特异性荧光,对照细胞培养48h无荧光出现,证实了两株细胞培养物中有大量的兔出血症病毒存在,从而成功的分离培养出了兔出血症病毒细胞毒。