山楂叶螨抗药性及混配增效作用

采用载玻片浸渍法测定了山西省忻州、晋中、运城地区山楂叶螨种群对9种杀螨剂的抗药性水平.测定结果表明:忻州地区种群对甲氰菊酯和三氯杀螨醇表现中抗,抗性指数FR分别为17.79和31.93倍,对水胺硫磷和毒死蜱表现低抗,FR值分别为7.74和5.35倍;晋中地区种群对水胺硫磷、甲氰菊酯和三氯杀螨醇均表现中抗,FR值为22.42～33.00倍,而运城地区种群对这3种药剂产生了高抗,FR值分别为135.05、41.53和1714.01倍;运城地区种群对毒死蜱表现中抗,FR值为34.49倍;晋中和运城地区种群对双甲脒表现低抗,FR值分别为5.15和6.89倍;3个种群对阿维菌素、苯丁锡、三唑锡和四螨嗪仍相对敏感.混配增效作用测定结果表明,阿维菌素与甲氰菊酯1:20、1:10、1:5组合以及阿维菌素与三氯杀螨醇1:20、1:10组合均具有明显增效作用,共毒系数为189.63～363.30,其中阿维菌素与甲氰菊酯1:20和1:10组合以及阿维菌素与三氯杀螨醇1:20组合是比较理想的混配组合.     

耐抽薹小白菜品种比较研究

以五月慢为对照,对4个耐抽薹小白菜品种(系)进行比较研究,选出耐抽薹,产量、品质等综合性状优良的品种(系)。试验结果说明,五月慢A×5-3-2组合是综合性状优良的新品系,适合在武汉地区种植。     

茶树CsSPMS基因全长cDNA克隆和时空表达分析

为探究精胺合成酶（spermine synthase,SPMS）与茶树（Camellia sinensis）耐寒性的关系,以茶树品种‘迎霜’为试验材料,利用简并引物PCR扩增技术结合5′/3′RACE方法,获得与低温胁迫相关的CsSPMS片段cDNA全长序列（GenBank登录号为KJ580429）。该序列全长1 374 bp,包含1 113 bp的完整开放阅读框（ORF）,编码371个氨基酸,预测分子量41.28 kD;构建亚细胞定位载体pJIT166-GFP/SPMS,亚细胞定位结果显示CsSPMS定位在细胞核上。荧光定量PCR分析表明CsSPMS在根、茎、叶、芽、花和果中都有表达,在根、茎中表达量较高;低温胁迫处理下不同组织CsSPMS的表达量,在叶片中2 h达到峰值,而在根中12 h达到高峰;在低温条件下4个茶树品种的耐寒性与CsSPMS表达量密切相关。     

Mechanism of Chinese processing in patients with Broca aphasia

AIM: To explore the mechanism of Chinese processing in patients with Broca aphasia so as to offering accordance for speech rehabilitation. METHODS: The test of orthographic, semantic information and phonological were conducted. The scores in each group with Chi-square test in patients were compared to those in 10 normal people. RESULTS: No significant difference between two groups in the vocabulary identification and in the vocabulary identification from homophony (P>0.05) was observed (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the identification picture from vocabularies, the identification vocabulary from pictures and the vocabulary identification from sound (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The patient with Broca aphasia is independent in the course of the orthographic input, and the ability to retrieve semantic information from orthographic activation word may not affected by phonological lexicon.     

重庆开县3个锦橙品种留树贮藏试验初报

对重庆市开县3个锦橙品种留树贮藏效果进行探索,结果表明,‘开陈72-1’、‘开盛76-8’和‘北碚447’3个锦橙品种留树贮藏至2月下旬,能维持较高的坐果率、商品果率、外观色泽和可溶性固形物含量;‘开陈72-1’最适宜做开县锦橙留树贮藏品种。     

Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

白莲腐败病病原菌的分离鉴定

莲腐败病是白莲种植区发生最普遍、为害最严重的病害之一。本试验对发病白莲上的病原茵进行分离鉴定。该病原分离物在PSA培养基上气生茵丝由白色渐变成深紫色,并产生大小两种孢子。大型分生孢子镰刀形,无色,稍呈弯曲,两端尖细,大小为（39．1-55．2）μm×（2．8～4．6）p,m,多为3个隔膜,少部分为1-2隔或4~5隔;小型分生孢子椭圆形。无色,无隔膜,大小为（5．0～9．2）μm×（2．0～3．5）μm。致病性测定表明分离物能100％引起白莲出现典型的白莲腐败病的症状。ITSl／ITS4的PCR扩增产物与GenBank中Fusariumoxysporum￡sp．nelumbicola的序列同源性为99％。研究结果表明。分离到的病原物为尖孢镰刀茵莲专化型Foxysporum f.sp．ndumbicola。     

新疆野生樱桃李SSR体系的建立及应用

为建立适宜新疆野生樱桃李的SSR分子标记技术体系,通过对PCR反应程序、反应体系(DNA模板量、引物浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度、Taq酶用量)以及退火温度进行了探索,建立了适宜野生樱桃李的SSR-PCR反应体系。结果表明:在25μL反应体系中,Mg2+1.0 mmol/L、引物0.5μmol/L、dNTPs 0.20 mmol/L、TaqDNA聚合酶1.0 U、模板DNA 30 ng、退火温度为60℃。SSR扩增程序:94℃预变性5 min,35个循环(94℃30 s,60℃1 min,72℃1 min),72℃延伸10 min,可筛选出稳定性好、多态性高的SSR引物。     

作物和土壤中乙酰甲胺磷及其代谢物甲胺磷消解研究

为评价乙酰甲胺磷在作物上使用的安全性,采用气相色谱法研究了不同气候条件(亚热带和暖温带)下的4种作物(甘蓝、萝卜、水稻、柑桔)和8个土壤样品(4种作物各自在两个试验地点的土壤)中乙酰甲胺磷及其代谢物甲胺磷的消解情况。结果表明:乙酰甲胺磷在作物和土壤中均可代谢产生甲胺磷,作物中的2 h甲胺磷代谢产率主要由作物种类决定。作物中乙酰甲胺磷的消解半衰期为3.1~13.5 d,甲胺磷为2.7~12.8 d;土壤中乙酰甲胺磷的半衰期为1.4~6.4 d,甲胺磷为4.5~10.7 d。土壤pH值对乙酰甲胺磷的消解影响显著,其在碱性土壤中消解较快。具有较高净辐射的气候条件会促进乙酰甲胺磷及甲胺磷在作物中的消解,因此种植在暖温带气候条件下的作物上使用乙酰甲胺磷较种植在亚热带气候条件下的具有更高的甲胺磷残留风险。乙酰甲胺磷施用在叶菜类蔬菜上可能会有较高的甲胺磷残留风险,建议叶菜类蔬菜应谨慎使用乙酰甲胺磷。     

安徽发现草地贪夜蛾为害早播小麦

2019年5月17日,在安徽省黄山市黄山区发现草地贪夜蛾为害春玉米,首次证实草地贪夜蛾入侵安徽,截至8月25日全省16市全部见虫。2019年10月22日,淮南市寿县窑口镇早播小麦田发现疑似该虫为害,经鉴定,确认为草地贪夜蛾。调查发现,全田均可见该虫为害状,百株被害率最高达84.21%,每平方米最高虫量43头。调查提示,入侵安徽的草地贪夜蛾种群可取食为害小麦,应加强其在麦田发生情况的监测。