Dietary supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus extract enhances gut health in weanling piglets

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) as a dietary additive on gut health in weanling piglets by examining diarrhea frequency, intestinal microbiota and morphology. A total of 96 Duroc× (Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets weaned at 21 days of age with an average initial body weight (BW) of 5.6 ± 0.4 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups with 4 duplicates of 8 piglets each. The piglets were fed basal diet to which had been added 0 or 1 g/kg of ASE, or 0.7 g/kg antibiotics, respectively. Fecal consistence was monitored twice daily and the frequency of diarrhea was calculated. On day 21 after the initiation of supplementation, 8 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment group (2 piglets per pen) and slaughtered. The jejunum, ileum, colon and cecum were then excised and fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution to determine villus height and crypt depth, after their contents were collected to determine microbiota. The results showed that dietary supplementation with ASE increased (P < 0.05) the density of bacterial populations that co-migrated with Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium lituseburens, but decreased (P < 0.05) those co-migrating with Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Ruminococcus forques, and E. coli O157:H7 in the PCR-DGGE profiling analysis when compared with the control group. The villus height of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased (P < 0.05) by 14.8, 13.7 and 10.0%, while the crypt depth decreased (P < 0.05) by 17.9, 9.1 and 12.1%, respectively, in response to dietary ASE supplementation. Additionally dietary supplementation with ASE or an antibiotic decreased (P < 0.05) the frequency of diarrhea by 55.6 and 52.2%, respectively, compared with the control group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary supplementation with ASE could regulate the microbiota composition and maintain a normal morphology of gut mucosa in weanling piglets, thereby decreasing diarrhea that resulted from weaning stress.     

高钙牛奶稳定性研究

钙强化后的高钙牛奶可以提供更多利于人体的钙质,研究了制备高钙牛奶时所需要的钙源、乳化剂以及增稠剂,采用正交试验确定了复配稳定剂的成分及用量,并利用粒径分析仪对高钙牛奶稳定性进行了研究.     

施氮水平对多花黑麦草植株氮含量及反射光谱特征的影响

植株氮含量是评价牧草群体长势、估测产量和确定最佳施肥量的重要指标。对不同施氮水平下多花黑麦草植株氮含量及冠层反射光谱特征进行了测试,分析了冠层反射光谱与植株氮含量之间的相关性。结果表明,施氮水平对多花黑麦草植株氮含量具有显著影响,植株氮含量随着施氮水平的增加有所升高。在可见光区域,冠层光谱反射率随施氮水平的增加而降低。植株氮含量与单波段反射率呈负相关关系,在波段487～718 nm范围内,相关系数绝对值都大于0.5(P<0.01)。利用敏感波段估测植株氮含量最优模型为y=4.362-0.754x₅₇₉+0.351x₇₀₀。以植被指数估测植株氮含量最佳模型为y=3.026-0.670DVI_(610,487)+4.997NDVI_(700,579)。植株氮含量估测值与实测值之间存在显著相关关系。     

猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌的药物敏感性试验

本实验采用世界卫生组织推荐的(K—B法)纸片琼脂扩散法,对从本地区猪场分离出的10株猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌,用10种临床上常用的抗菌药物对其进行了敏感性测定。结果:耐药现象严重,多重耐药性普遍存在。对猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌作用较强的依次是阿莫西林/克拉维酸(AMX/CA)、头孢唑啉(CZ)、氯霉素(C)、庆大霉素(GM),抑菌作用较差的是四环素(TC)、环丙沙星(CIP)、氨苄西林(AM)、氧氟沙星(DFL),链霉素(S)、磺胺(SMX)为中度敏感。     

应用RT-PCR方法从进境南美白对虾亲虾中检出桃拉综合征病毒(Taura syndrome virus)

应用PCR和RT—PCR技术，对一批进境的南美白对虾亲虾进行了多种病毒性病原的检疫。结果检出桃拉综合征病毒。临床观察也表明，该批亲虾体表散布大量黑色病灶，为TSV感染引起的TS典型病变。     

酪蛋白钙肽的研究进展及其在乳品中的应用

酪蛋白钙肽是含有磷酸丝氨酸残基的多肽，现已证明其具有重要的生理功能。本文介绍酪蛋白钙肽的功能、制备工艺、检测方法，以及与酪蛋白磷酸肽区别，并简述其在乳品中的应用。     

不同断奶日龄仔猪消化道酸度和胃蛋白酶活性的动态变化

将12窝同日龄新生仔猪随机分成4组，每组3窝，每窝为一个重复组，分别采取17、21、28和35日龄断奶，在断奶后12h、1周、2周和3周从每个重复组中随机抽取1头屠宰，共测定了54头仔猪胃、十二指肠、空肠和回肠食糜pH值及胃食糜中胃蛋白酶的活性。结果发现断奶后12h胃食糜pH值均高于同龄哺乳仔猪，并且达该组整个试验期间的最高，随后逐渐降低。4组仔猪在断奶后胃pH值回复到3.5所需的时间分别为3、2、1和1周，这表明断奶日龄越早，胃中pH值回复到3.5所需要的时间越长。 除十二指肠外，空肠和回肠食糜pH值基本上不受日龄和断奶的影响。哺乳仔猪从18－36日龄胃蛋白酶相对活性（U/ml胃液）和比活（U/mg蛋白质）增加10倍以上。不同断奶日龄仔猪各组在断奶后12h胃蛋白酶的相对活性和比活均聚然升高，达到该日龄铒猪阶段正常值的2倍左右，特别是小日龄断奶仔猪为明显，随后在3周内逐渐降低，至50日龄时稳定在一个较低水平。     

Actinomyces bowdenii ulcerative keratitis in a dog

A 5‐year‐old spayed female diabetic mixed‐breed dog underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation to correct bilateral hypermature cataracts. Two months postsurgery, the patient presented with ulcerative keratitis and multifocal stromal abscessation OD, which was controlled, but never resolved, with topical fluoroquinolone therapy. The patient re‐presented 2 months later with a new, raised, white gritty corneal opacity associated with hyperemia, chemosis, and blepharospasm OD. Cytology of the right cornea revealed filamentous bacteria, suggestive of Actinomyces spp. Actinomyces bowdenii was subsequently isolated in pure culture and identified via 16s rDNA sequencing. Actinomyces bowdenii has never before been described as a cause of ocular infection. An immunosuppressed corneal environment likely contributed to this opportunistic Actinomycosis. The infection was not controlled with fluoroquinolone therapy, and the isolate, in vitro, was resistant to three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin), which also has not been previously reported for this species of Actinomyces. A superficial keratectomy with conjunctival graft was employed to successfully manage the infection.     

GST、6×His融合表达杆状病毒转移载体的构建

将pGEX-3X中由血吸虫（Schistosomajaponicum）编码的26kD谷胱甘肽转移酶基因Sj26和凝血因子Xa凝血酶位点引入到BacPAK8构建了融合表达杆状病毒转移载体BacSj26;将28kD的谷胱甘肽转移酶基因通过PCR突变消除终止密码后,引入BacPAK8构建了融合表达转移载体BacGST28。将P(MFHT)中的6×His序列克隆进BacPAK8,从而构建了6×His融合表达转移载体BacHis。这些融合表达转移载体的构建,为表达产物的一步纯化奠定了基础。