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11.
Use of a condylar screw plate for repair of a Salter-Harris type-III fracture of the femur in a 2-year-old horse 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Byron CR Stick JA Brown JA Lugo J 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(9):1292-5, 1267
A 2-year-old sexually intact male Paint horse weighing 427 kg (940 lb) was admitted for examination and treatment of intermittent non-weight-bearing lameness of the right hind limb of 1 week's duration. Radiography revealed a displaced Salter-Harris type-III fracture of the right femoral condyle with the sagittal component of the fracture line located in the intercondylar space and the transverse component exiting on the medial aspect of the femur. The fracture was repaired with a condylar screw plate designed for repair of femoral condylar fractures in humans. The owner reported by telephone 9 months after surgery that the horse was sound. To our knowledge, use of this particular implant system for fixation of a Salter-Harris type-III fracture on the medial side of the femur in a horse has not been described. Results in this horse suggest that this implant can be successfully used for repair of femoral condylar fractures in selected adult horses. 相似文献
12.
Linda A. Joyce David D. Briske Joel R. Brown H. Wayne Polley Bruce A. McCarl Derek W. Bailey 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2013,66(5):512-528
Recent climatic trends and climate model projections indicate that climate change will modify rangeland ecosystem functions and the services and livelihoods that they provision. Recent history has demonstrated that climatic variability has a strong influence on both ecological and social components of rangeland systems and that these systems possess substantial capacity to adapt to climatic variability. Specific objectives of this synthesis are to: 1) evaluate options to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and future climate change; 2) survey actions that individuals, enterprises, and social organizations can use to adapt to climate change; and 3) assess options for system transformation when adaptation is no longer sufficient to contend with climate change. Mitigation for carbon sequestration does not appear economically viable, given the small and highly variable carbon dioxide fluxes of rangeland ecosystems and the high transaction costs that would be incurred. In contrast, adaptation strategies are numerous and provide a means to manage risks associated with climate change. Adaptation strategies are diverse, including altered risk perception by individuals, greater flexibility of production enterprises, and modifications to social organizations that emphasize climatic variability, rather than consistency. Many adaptations represent “no regrets” actions because their implementation can be justified without emphasis on pending climate change. Adaptations specific to livestock production systems can include flexible herd management, alternative livestock breeds or species, innovative pest management, modified enterprise structures, and geographic relocation. Social-ecological systems in which adaptation is insufficient to counter the adverse consequences of climate change might undergo transformative change to produce alternative ecosystem services, production enterprises, and livelihoods. The rangeland profession is in a pivotal position to provide leadership on this global challenge because it represents the intersection of management and scientific knowledge, includes diverse stakeholders who derive their livelihoods from rangelands, and interacts with organizations responsible for rangeland stewardship. 相似文献
13.
14.
Researchers have found that changes in infiltration characteristics that result from surged flow, often inferred from advance trajectories, vary considerably with site and management practices. Previously developed methods for adjusting the infiltration function for the surged effect are examined to better understand these effects. The easily implemented cycle ratio-time (CRT) surged flow infiltration function indicates that soil and management factors can impact surged flow effectiveness. If changes in flow rate result in changes in the on/off pulse patterns, the CRT function will reflect this with changes in infiltration characteristics; otherwise the model is insensitive to changes in flow rate. The duration of the first surge has a more pronounced effect than later surges, and soils that reach steady state infiltration quickly are less likely to exhibit decreased infiltration rates as a result of surged flow. Surged flow simulation runs are used to show that the CRT function predicts differences in performance on opposite sides of tee-type surge valves; the result of uneven off-times associated with expanding cycle times. 相似文献
15.
Johnson N Carran S Botner J Fontaine K Laxague N Nuetzel P Turnley J Tivnan B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6038):81-84
In military planning, it is important to be able to estimate not only the number of fatalities but how often attacks that result in fatalities will take place. We uncovered a simple dynamical pattern that may be used to estimate the escalation rate and timing of fatal attacks. The time difference between fatal attacks by insurgent groups within individual provinces in both Afghanistan and Iraq, and by terrorist groups operating worldwide, gives a potent indicator of the later pace of lethal activity. 相似文献
16.
Consuming Fuel and Fuelling Consumption: Modelling Human Caloric Demands and Fuelwood Use 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper describes a conceptual framework that was developed to integrate livestock, human, cultivation and forest constraints
to model community fuelwood consumption over a 25-year planning horizon. This framework was constructed as an energy balance
based on human caloric requirements in order to examine the effects of household-level decisions for nutrition, fuelwood and
land use. A scenario from a virtual community in Uganda is presented to illustrate the utility of this model to allow rapid
policy and scenario evaluation. User-defined inputs combined with published research data are used in simulating resource
responses and energy consumption rates. This model is a potential tool to monitor fuelwood consumption and to understand the
implications of various land-use practices.
相似文献
Joel HartterEmail: |
17.
Li R Mitra N Gratkowski H Vilaire G Litvinov R Nagasami C Weisel JW Lear JD DeGrado WF Bennett JS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):795-798
Transmembrane helices of integrin alpha and beta subunits have been implicated in the regulation of integrin activity. Two mutations, glycine-708 to asparagine-708 (G708N)and methionine-701 to asparagine-701, in the transmembrane helix of the beta3 subunit enabled integrin alphaIIbbeta3 to constitutively bind soluble fibrinogen. Further characterization of the G708N mutant revealed that it induced alphaIIbbeta3 clustering and constitutive phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. This mutation also enhanced the tendency of the transmembrane helix to form homotrimers. These results suggest that homomeric associations involving transmembrane domains provide a driving force for integrin activation. They also suggest a structural basis for the coincidence of integrin activation and clustering. 相似文献
18.
1 前言一个成功的仔猪营养方案的基本准则是: (1)开饲体重尽可能高: (2)尽可能饲喂简单的日粮; (3)着重于幼畜的饲养管理。我们不能忽视猪的初生体重、年龄、饲养管理质量对于整个饲养过程影响的重要性。 相似文献
19.
Carlos Renato Ramos-Palacios Ernesto I. Badano Joel Flores Jorge A. Flores-Cano José L. Flores-Flores 《European Journal of Forest Research》2014,133(3):391-404
Forest fragmentation affects seed production, but little is known about how seeds are distributed in fragmented forests after primary dispersion and how this affects their interactions with other organisms. This study addressed these issues in a fragmented oak forest of Quercus laeta where four habitat types were recognized: interior and edge of patches, deforested matrix around patches, and an abandoned field. Areas and distances to the abandoned field were measured for 40 patches, and acorns were sampled in all habitats. Only samples from the interior and edge of patches had acorns, which were classified as aborted, viable, and parasitized by insects or fungi. Acorns in all these classes were regressed against patch area and distance to the abandoned field. Field experiments were also conducted to determine whether acorn removal rates varied across habitats. Aborted acorns within patches were not related to area or distance, but they decreased with increasing values of both variables at patch edges. Within patches, viable acorns were positively related to increases in area and distance, while the converse occurred for insect-damaged acorns; fungal-infested acorns were not related to patch variables in this habitat. Complex interactions between area and distance explained how acorns in these classes were distributed across patch edges. Acorn removal was higher within patches and their edges when compared to human-disturbed habitats; both mice and birds were identified as potential acorn dispersers. These results suggest that forest fragmentation affects acorn-mediated processes and that this may influence the recovery of patch connectivity in the landscape. 相似文献
20.
Clayton T Larue Joel E Ream Xuefeng Zhou Farhard Moshiri Arlene Howe Michael Goley Oscar C Sparks Steven T Voss Erin Hall Christine Ellis Janice Weihe Qungang Qi Daniela Ribeiro Xiaoping Wei Shirley Guo Artem G Evdokimov Marguerite J Varagona James K Roberts 《Pest management science》2020,76(3):1031-1038