蜂花粉抗化学性肝损伤研究进展

近年来研究发现蜂花粉具有显著的保肝功效,国内外学者已对此开展了广泛而深入的研究。本文就蜂花粉及活性成分对化学性肝损伤(四氯化碳肝损伤、酒精性肝损伤、氨基半乳糖诱导肝损伤)的作用效果和作用机理等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对其研究方向和前景进行展望。     

三江白猪组织基因组提取及RAPD反应条件的优化

本试验从三江白猪组织中提取总DNA,获得较高质量的模板样品。并对RAPD反应的条件进行了优化,提高RAPD分析的可靠性和重复性。确保三江白猪遗传分析的真实性和准确性,为进一步的研究提供参考条件。     

大针茅根系构型对草地退化的响应

本研究对锡林郭勒典型草原区轻度、中度、重度和极度4个退化梯度草地中大针茅(Stipa grandis)根系构型进行研究。结果表明,1）根分叉数、根表面积和总根长3个参数是分析大针茅根系构型在不同退化程度草地中变化的主要指标,其中根分叉数对该变化的解释力最强,3个参数的累积贡献率为90.7%;2）从轻度、重度到极度退化程度的草地系列中,大针茅的根系构型小型化趋势明显;3）中度退化程度的草地中大针茅根系构型小型化特别明显;4）根系构型小型化最终导致整个植物体小型化,因此在群落退化演替进程中大针茅的建群种作用逐渐减弱并最终为其他优势种取代。     

Synergistic effects of Miconazole and Polymyxin B on microbial pathogens

The therapeutic value of antibiotics depends on the susceptibility of the infecting microorganism and the pharmacological profile of the drugs. To assess the value of an antibiotic combination of polymyxin B and miconazole this study examined the in vitro synergistic potential of the two drugs on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and yeast. Antifungal and antibacterial activity was tested by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of broth macrodilution and urea broth microdilution, by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Synergism was calculated using the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICi). With Staphylococcus intermedius as target we found up to an eightfold reduction of the individual MICs when both drugs were combined. However, the FICi was 0.63 suggesting no real interaction between the two drugs. With Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Malassezia pachydermatis as targets the antimicrobial drug combination reduced the MICs of polymyxin B and miconazole from fourfold to hundredfold resulting in FICi between 0.06 and 0.5 which defines a synergistic action. Thus, if polymyxin B and miconazole are combined their effect is greater than the sum of the effects observed with polymyxin B and miconazole independently, revealing bactericidal and fungicidal synergism. Our results indicate a strong therapeutic value for the combination of these antimicrobial agents against Gram-negative bacteria and yeast and a weaker value against Gram positive bacteria for clinical situations where these pathogens are involved.     

枯草芽孢杆菌制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和养分消化率的影响

选择健康、产蛋均匀的45周龄尼克珊瑚粉蛋鸡540只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡,其中两个组为试验组,另一组为对照组.采用单因子试验设计,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加250、500mg/kg的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂,对照组饲喂基础日粮,进行为期4周的试验,研究日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及营养物质消化率的影响.结果表明:①在蛋鸡日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂具有改善料蛋比、降低死淘率、显著降低鸡蛋破损率(P<0.05)、提高个蛋重和蛋壳厚度的趋势.②蛋鸡日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂显著提高了日粮粗蛋白和有机物消化率(P<0.05).     

Limited awareness of animal influenza prevention and control among Dai Lue smallholder farmers in Southwest China

Awareness of animal influenza and its prevention and control is important for ensuring livestock health, production and welfare. In China, a country stereotyped as a major source of emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, research on the public understanding of animal influenza is limited to the Han, the main ethnic group. The present qualitative study in Southwest China investigated awareness of animal influenza among the Dai, an ethnic minority. The participants (15 men and 10 women, ages 18–83) were smallholder farmers of pigs and poultry in rural areas of Jinghong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. A mixture of interviews and group discussions took place in homes and villages. The participants were asked about their knowledge of avian influenza (H7N9), swine influenza (H1N1), precautions taken to protect against influenza, procedures when animals were sick and perceived risk of animal influenza. The data were analysed following coding and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrated a limited understanding of animal health and welfare among participants. Specifically, they were largely unaware of animal influenza (H7N9, H1N1) including its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. The farmers were also uninformed of the risks they faced and unknowingly engaged in behaviours which increased direct or indirect exposure to infected animals, a risk factor for human infection. They also reported poor usage of veterinary services. In order to guarantee the health, welfare and production of their livestock, immediate action is needed to enable Dai smallholder farmers to prevent and respond to animal influenza effectively and timely.     

基于OBE理念下食品营养学课程设计与教学方式的探索

成果导向教育（OBE）是一种符合当前社会对实践应用型人才需求的教育培养模式。以淮阴师范学院生命科学学院为例,探讨了“食品营养学”课程在人才培养目标达成度、教学内容设计、知识模块构建、教学方法应用,以及课程考核5个方面基于OBE理念下的改革尝试,以期为地方高校食品专业和农林生物专业该课程的教学提供借鉴和参考,为探索培养区域型高素质人才提供新的思路。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Echinococcus granulosus</Emphasis>: Immunoprotection accompanyied by humoral and cytokine response against secondary hydatidosis in mice immunized with r<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eg.</Emphasis>myophilin

Objects:  

This study aimed to investigate the immunoprotection of the recombinant Eg.myophilin (rEg.myophilin) and tentatively analyze mechanism of this protection.