王浆高产蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)卵期发育蛋白质组分析

 【目的】对中国特有王浆高产蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)工蜂的3 d卵期进行蛋白质组研究，以探明该蜂种卵期不同发育阶段蛋白质表达调控方面的一些特点。【方法】采用双向电泳法对王浆高产蜜蜂工蜂卵期蛋白质组进行研究。【结果】卵期发育的3 d中，按顺序分别检测到160个、195个、176个蛋白，这些蛋白的分子量在17～80 kD之间，等电点范围在4.00～8.40之间。其中44个蛋白在３ d的卵期中均有表达，36%的共有蛋白随卵期发育呈上调趋势，而14%的共有蛋白随卵期发育呈下调趋势，另有39%的共有蛋白表达量在2日龄达到顶峰。结果还显示每天分别有89个、77个和80个特异的蛋白表达。除共有及特有蛋白外，还有24个蛋白在1日龄和2日龄表达而在3日龄关闭；49个蛋白在2日龄和3日龄表达而在1日龄关闭；仅有3个蛋白斑点是在2日龄关闭，而在1日龄和3日龄表达。【结论】卵期发育是一个动态有序的基因调控与表达过程，且发育第2天的卵蛋白表达最活跃；卵期3 d中共有的表达显示这些蛋白是调控王浆高产蜜蜂卵期发育必需的保守蛋白；不同阶段表达的特异性蛋白说明不同发育阶段的卵需要特异的蛋白来调控。     

基质固相分散-气相色谱法测定苹果中的多种农药残留

 【目的】研究适合苹果中35种有机磷、有机氯及拟除虫菊酯类农药的多残留快速检测方法。【方法】通过对35种农药的色谱条件试验、基质固相分散（MSPD）材料的选择及其与样品的比例试验、洗脱条件试验以及加标回收率试验,建立和优化35种农药的MSPD-GC多残留分析方法。【结果】MSPD-GC-FPD法对苹果样品中16种有机磷农药回收率为79.67%～104.68%,变异系数≤4.15%,方法的最低检出限为0.0032～0.010 mg•kg-1;MSPD-GC-ECD法对苹果中19种有机氯和菊酯类农药的回收率为78.6%～103.4%,变异系数≤4.06%,方法的最低检出限为0.000098～0.007 mg•kg-1。对苹果中上述35种农药的最低检出限均低于国内及国际上对苹果中农药残留的MRL值。【结论】基质固相分散-气相色谱方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏、节省样品和有机溶剂,可满足苹果中多种常见农药残留同时检测的实际需要。     

温度赤霉素对晚香玉的花期调控

在温室通过不同温度,赤霉素对种球的处理和分批栽植来调控晚香玉发芽和开花。结果表明：10月份的低温处理使晚香玉种球发芽率达60%以上,低温和赤霉素处理均能提高晚香玉单瓣品种的开花率;40mg/L赤霉素处理也可显著提高重瓣品种的发芽率,11月和12月栽种的种球以低温 高温和低温 高温 GA3（2）处理组合的发牙率高,达82%以上,但赤霉素处理无影响;开花率以低温 高温、GA3处理组合最高,综合分析认为;重瓣品种种球的早期赤霉素处理可有效提高种球发芽率,但降低开花率;低温和高温处理则可有效地提高其种球发芽率和开花率。     

抗寒桑品种龙桑一号育成

桑树新品种龙桑一号具有抗寒性强,抗桑细菌病、褐斑病能力强的特性。在黑龙江省产叶量比对照种秋雨桑高10—31％,养蚕试验中春季万蚕收茧量增10％,秋季增25％。国家品种鉴定中,单位面积产叶量、产茧量、茧层量分别高于对照种15％、30％、31％。养蚕试验成绩:万蚕茧层量、五龄100公斤桑产茧量,万蚕产丝量,五龄100公斤桑产丝量,分别增12％、13％、11％、14％。     

王浆高产蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂工蜂蛹期生长发育研究

通过比较王浆高产蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L,浆蜂）和意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L）工蜂蛹期的生长发育过程,结果发现浆蜂和意蜂的工蜂蛹体重和头重随着日龄的增长均极显著降低（p〈0．001）;各日龄浆蜂工蜂蛹的体重和头重均极显著高于意蜂蛹体重和头重（P〈0．001）;浆蜂工蜂蛹体重随日龄变化回归曲线为：y=69．85555＋11．7309x-0．4261x^2,决定系数R^2=9975;意蜂工蜂蛹体重随日龄变化回归曲线为：y=75．3093＋9．5603x-0．36069x^2,决定系数R^2=0．9951;浆蜂工蜂蛹头重随日龄变化回归曲线为：y=52．4847＋104846x-0．3564x^2,决定系数R^2=0．9964;意蜂工蜂蛹头重随日龄变化回归曲线为：y=55．9616＋10．6083x-03547x^2,决定系数R^2=0．9948。由此可见：（1）浆蜂虽然经过多年选育产浆性状发生了变化,但是工蜂蛹期生长发育曲线与意蜂基本吻合;（2）各日龄浆蜂工蜂蛹期头重均显著高于意蜂,这可能是浆蜂产浆量提高后,头部分泌王浆的腺体产生变化所引起的。     

犬细小病毒的分离鉴定及其VP2基因序列分析

本试验从北京某动物医院疑似犬细小病毒(CPV)感染犬粪便中分离出一株病毒。通过电子显微镜观察、血凝试验、动物回归试验和分子生物学鉴定,本试验成功分离出一株CPV,命名为BJ-24。对BJ-24株的VP2基因序列分析发现该分离株为CPV-2a亚型,其VP2基因与GenBank中19株CPV VP2基因核苷酸序列有较高的同源性,均在98.7%以上,甚至与CPV-JS2株达到100.0%。系统进化分析结果表明所分离的BJ-24株属于中国分支,与CPV-JS2株遗传距离最近。本试验对进一步开展北京地区CPV的流行病学调查提供基础依据,并对防制病毒传播和疫苗研制奠定了坚实的基础。     

天津市设施园艺发展的现状、问题和解决方案

天津市光、热资源丰富,冬季温度在北方相对较高,有效生长积温高,属于适宜设施发展区域。介绍了天津市发展设施园艺的意义、现状、存在问题和解决方案,并分析指出：天津市已初步形成了一个设施园艺产业带和几个设施聚集区。目前,天津设施园艺发展存在资金不足、土地流转工作不够规范、温室设施和基础设施建设严重不足、设施产品单一、劳动生产...     

四种能源植物种子萌芽期的耐盐性研究

通过对盐胁迫下种子发芽率、相对发芽率、发芽势和相对胚根长度指标的测定,分析了4种能源植物的耐盐浓度、耐盐半致死浓度、耐盐极限浓度,并根据各指标隶属函数值,综合评价了各种植物的耐盐性.结果显示:随着处理盐浓度的增加,4种植物的发芽势、发芽率和胚根长度均呈下降趋势.在3～6 g·L-1 NaCl浓度下,亚麻、油菜种子的相对发芽率变化不大,但大豆下降较多.当盐浓度6 g· L-1时,4种植物的相对胚根长度均明显减少;其中减少最多的是油葵,其次是亚麻,再次是大豆;油菜胚根长度减少的最少;在12 g·L-1的盐浓度下4种能源植物的相对胚根长度均降至11%以下.亚麻的耐盐浓度最高,为6%,是大豆、油菜和油葵的耐盐浓度的2倍以上.耐盐半致死浓度最大的为亚麻和油菜(9 g·L-1),大豆次之(6 g·L-1),油葵最低(3 g·L-1).抗盐隶属函数综合分析表明,在各种盐浓度下,4种植物萌芽期的耐盐性最强的是亚麻,其次是油菜,再次是大豆和油葵.     

Comparative Analyses of Proteome Complement Between Worker Bee Larvae of High Royal Jelly Producing Bees (A. m. ligustica) and Carniolian Bees (A. m. carnica)

This study is to compare the protein composition of the high royal jelly producing bee (A. m. ligustica) with that of Carniolian bee (A. m. carnica) during their worker larval developmental stage. The experiment was carried out by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The results showed that significant higher numbers of total proteins (283) were detected in larvae of high royal jelly producing bees (Jelly bee) than those of Camiolian bees (152) on 2-d-old larvae. Among them, 110 proteins were presented on both strains of bee larvae, whereas 173 proteins were specific to larvae of Jelly bees, and 42 proteins were exclusive to Carniolian larvae. However, on the 4th d, a significant higher number of total proteins (290) were detected in larvae of Jelly bees than those of Camiolian bees (240), 163 proteins resolved to both bee larvae, and 127 proteins were specific to Jelly bees and 77 proteins to Camiolian bees. Until the 6th d, also a significant higher number of total proteins (236) were detected in larvae of Jelly bees than those of Carniolian bees (180), 132 proteins were constantly expressed in two bee larvae, whereas 104 and 48 proteins are unique to Jelly bee and Camiolian bee larvae, respectively. We tentatively concluded that the metabolic rate and gene expression of Jelly bees larvae is higher than those of Carniolian bees based proteins detected as total proteins and proteins specific to each stage of two strains of bee larvae. Proteins constantly expressed on 3 stages of larval development with some significant differences between two bee strains, and proteins unique to each stage expressed differences in term of quality and quantity, indicating that larval development needed house keeping and specific proteins to regulate its growth at different development phage, but the expression mold is different between two strains of larval development.     

表达小反刍兽疫病毒H基因的山羊痘病毒通用转移载体的构建及鉴定(英文)

[Objective] This study was to develop a live vector vaccine of goat pox virus of Peste des petits ruminants(PPR). [Method] Using PCR amplification technique, PPR H gene was obtained, then ligated into pGEM-T easy vector; the recombinants were digested by Nhe Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ, and ligated into pEGFP-N1-P7.5, yielding the recombinant vector pEGFP-N1-P7.5-H; next the expression cassette EGFP-N1-P7.5-H was first released from recombinant vector pEGFP-N1-P7.5-H by double digestion of Hind Ⅲ and Nhe Ⅰ and ligated into pUC119-TK that was digested by Kpn Ⅰ, yielding the transfer vector pUC119-TK-EGFP-P7.5-H. [Result] Identification and double enzyme digestion showed that the transfer vector pUC119-TK-EGFP-P7.5-H was correctly constructed. From the transfer vector transfected BHK-21 cells which infected GTPV AV41, specific fluorescence was observed at 48th h of transfection. [Conclusion] The construction of goat poxvirus live vector laid a foundation for the live vector vaccine of PPR vaccine.