“矮丰”扁桃休眠芽玻璃化超低温保存条件优化

以扁桃休眠芽为试材,采用玻璃化超低温保存的方法,研究了休眠芽大小、蔗糖预处理浓度/时间、装载处理时间、PVS2脱水处理时间对扁桃休眠芽超低温保存后的影响,以期为扁桃种质资源的保存提供参考依据。结果表明:从健康的扁桃植株上剥取0.6~1.5mm(含有1~2个叶原基)休眠芽茎尖,放入含MS的0.5mol·L~(-1)蔗糖预处理液中预培养1d后,室温下用装载液(含2mol·L~(-1)甘油和0.4mol·L~(-1)蔗糖)装载20min,0℃下用PVS2处理70min,加入少量新鲜的PVS2后迅速投入液氮罐,保存15d后取出,在40℃水浴锅中化冻2~3min,用1.2mol·L~(-1)蔗糖+MS的洗涤液卸载30min,无菌纸吸干洗涤液后转至恢复培养基中,在24℃条件下暗培养7d后进行正常光照培养,2周后成活率可达61.01%。     

鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响

试验旨在探讨鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响。将24只SPF雌性小鼠随机分成4组:PBS组,LPS模型组,重组UBC13蛋白高、低剂量组(分别为100和25μg/只),每组6只。LPS模型组与各蛋白剂量组腹腔注射20 mg/kg LPS,PBS组腹腔注射等体积PBS;注射结束1 h后,各蛋白组按相应剂量背部皮下多点注射重组UBC13蛋白,PBS组与LPS模型组注射等体积PBS。给予蛋白24 h后处死小鼠。收集小鼠肺脏、脾脏、胸腺及肝脏组织,计算脏器指数,HE染色观察组织病理学变化,实时荧光定量PCR检测肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量,以及肺脏中iNOS mRNA的相对表达量,综合评价鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对LPS诱导小鼠急性炎症的影响。结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组小鼠肺脏、脾脏及肝脏指数均显著或极显著升高(P<0.05;P<0.01),且肺脏、脾脏和肝脏组织均出现病理变化。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA相对表达量均极显著升高(P<0.01),肺脏中iNOS mRNA相对表达量也极显著升高(P<0.01);与LPS模型组相比,UBC13蛋白高剂量组肺脏、脾脏和肝脏中病理变化明显改善,肺脏、肝脏、脾脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6及肺脏中iNOS mRNA表达量均极显著降低(P<0.01);胸腺中TNF-αmRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05),IL-6 mRNA和IL-1β表达量极显著降低(P<0.01)。表明鼠源重组UBC13蛋白可下调炎性因子的表达,从而改善LPS诱导的小鼠急性炎症反应。     

Prevention and Treatment Test of Piglet Diarrhea

[Objective] The paper was to observe the clinical effects of compound Chinese traditional preparation Shenwudi oral liquid on prevention and treatment of piglet diarrhea, and to explore the diarrhea prevention and growth promotion effect of Shenwudi power on weaned piglets as the medical feed additive. [Method] Diarrhea piglets were randomly grouped, and the clinical prevention and treatment effects of Shenwudi oral liquid were observed. Meantime, the effects of Huangzhi oral liquid and levofloxacin mesylate and sodium chloride injection were determined and compared with that of Shenwudi oral liquid. Shenwudi powder was added into the specific feed of weaned piglets at the dose of 5 g/kg, to observe its diarrhea prevention and growth promotion effect on weaned piglets. Compound amoxicillin powder was added in drug control group at the dose of 0.3 g/kg; no drug was added in blank control group. [Result] The cure rate of sucking piglets by Shenwudi oral liquid was 88.57%, and its protection rate was 100%; the cure rate of weaned piglets by Shenwudi oral liquid was 90.00%, and the total effective rate was 95.00%; the protection rate of weaned piglet diarrhea by Shenwudi powder mixing feed was 100%, and the average daily feed intake on the 42~(nd) day was extremely higher than the blank control group(P0.01). [Conclusion] Shenwudi oral liquid can be used for prevention and treatment of sucking piglet diarrhea.Meantime, Shenwudi mixing feed has good prevention effect and significant growth promotion effect on weaned piglet diarrhea.     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒膜蛋白和核衣壳蛋白基因序列分析

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒弱毒疫苗株基质膜蛋白和核衣壳蛋白基因克隆于ｐＢＶ２２０载体，然后将ＭＮ基因亚克隆于ｐＳＫ（ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐＴⅡＳＫ＾＋）载体，构建成重组质粒ＰＢＳＭＮ进行序列测定，共测得９５８ｂｐ，Ｍ和Ｎ基因分别位于ＯＲＦ６和ＯＲＦ７。     

栽培措施和样本大小对冬小麦离体叶片失水的影响

通过多年试验明确了栽培措施与冬小麦离体叶片失水速率（ＲＷＬ）的关系。影响ＲＷＬ变化的主要因素是水分，与水分胁迫的时间和强度腾。极端播期的种植密度对ＲＷＬ产生一定影响。施氮量对ＲＷＬ影响极小。每个测定样本以３－６月叶为宜。研究结果为ＲＷＬ比较测定技术的应用提供了实验依据。     

观赏海棠新品种‘花束’的选育

‘花束’是从‘绚丽’(Radiant)实生后代中选育出的观赏海棠新品种。树姿直立,树势中等;成枝力强,1年生枝紫褐色;幼叶黄绿色,有红褐色晕,成熟叶绿色;花蕾暗红色,花深粉色,单花在萼片处聚拢,整个花序呈束状;果实扁圆形,果实底色浅红色,果面盖色红色,全面着色,成熟后落果轻,观赏价值高。     

寄生茶研究现状与发展前景

寄生茶是桑寄生的枝叶通过茶艺处理而成的一种别样茶,为中国传统保健茶饮,含有黄酮类、萜类、挥发油、维生素等活性成分,具有降脂、降压、抗炎等保健作用。本研究主要归纳寄生茶的应用现状、化学成分、药理作用等方面的成果,为寄生茶茶饮工艺迭代式发展及深加工上提供研究和开发的建议,旨在为寄生茶产品的创新与开发提供依据。     

犬种布鲁氏菌研究进展

犬种布鲁氏菌属于6个经典种布鲁氏菌之一，为天然粗糙型，毒力较弱。长期以来，由于犬种布鲁氏菌对人类致病性较低，其危害一直被忽视。自1966年在美国发现该菌以来，已传播至世界多地。近年来，随着养犬业的不断发展及宠物犬数量的增多，犬布鲁氏菌病发病率不断上升，在某些地区已成为流行性疫病，且对人类公共卫生安全的威胁也日益加重。目前，犬种布鲁氏菌感染导致的犬布鲁氏菌病尚无可靠的诊断方法及有效的疫苗。鉴于此，在查阅相关文献的基础上，笔者对犬种布鲁氏菌的病原学、流行病学、致病机理、检测方法、疫苗研究等方面的相关研究进展进行综述，以期为犬布鲁氏菌病的深入研究和防控提供参考。     

水稻苗期耐低温基因COLD1新功能标记的设计与验证

籼稻和粳稻在苗期耐低温基因COLD1的第4外显子存在1个功能性单碱基变异SNP2,粳型COLD1 ^Jap等位基因低温耐受性表现更强,具有重要的育种利用价值。通过籼粳杂交,可将粳型COLD1 ^Jap等位基因导入籼稻品种,提高其低温耐受力。为提高COLD1基因的选择效率,根据粳型COLD1 ^Jap与籼型COLD1 ^Ind基因存在的单核苷酸差异,结合扩增受阻突变体系PCR的技术原理设计功能标记。应用5个籼稻品种、5个粳稻品种、1个籼粳杂交F₁个体以及1个籼粳杂交F₂群体对功能标记进行检测验证。结果表明,所设计的功能标记可准确区分纯合粳型COLD1 ^Jap、纯合籼型COLD1 ^Ind和杂合基因型,其扩增带型与基因型完全一致,是一种鉴定COLD1基因的有效方法。该标记弥补了前人设计的衍生型酶切扩增多态性序列功能标记费用昂贵、操作复杂及费工费时等不足,可广泛应用于水稻COLD1基因的资源鉴定和分子标记辅助选择育种。     

Studies on Measurement of Moisture Content by X-ray Scanning Method

In order to explore the feasibility of using X-ray to measure moisture content in the drying process and have a further study on the effect of precision of moisture content when scanning through different grain directions,X-ray scanning method and weighting method were used to measure average moisture content of Cunninghamia lanceolata during hot air drying.The results show that the moisture content values of two methods were very close to one another,the determination coefficients of both were highly correlated with a value over 0.99,and the absolute deviation was below 2%;when scanning along radial direction and longitudinal direction,the precisions of average moisture content were higher than that of the tangential direction,but the deviation can be negligible in the actual measurement;in the practical application,the effect of grain direction on precision of moisture content measurement could not be taken into account when using X-ray to measure the moisture distribution of wood.