计算机视觉技术在番茄收获中的应用

运用双目立体视觉技术对红色番茄进行定位,图像进行灰度变换后,对图像的二维直方图进行腐蚀,膨胀以后除小团块,提取背景区边缘,然后用拟合曲线实现彩色图像的分割,将番茄从背景中分离出来,对目标进行标定后,用面积匹配实现共轭图像中目标的配准,运用体视成像原理,从两幅二维图像中恢复目标的三维坐标,从实验数据可知,当目标与摄像机的距离为300－400mm时,深度误差可控制在3％－4％。     

Distribution of water-stable aggregates under soil tillage practices in a black soil hillslope cropland in Northeast China

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure. Water-stable aggregates (WSAs) are greatly influenced by tillage practices. The main objective of our study...     

抗冻蛋白应用前景及基因工程表达研究进展

抗冻蛋白(antifreeze protein,AFP)又称为热滞蛋白,是一类抑制冰晶生长的蛋白,它具有三个基本特征:热滞效应(thermal hysteresis activity,THA)、冰晶形态效应和重结晶抑制效应(frecrystallization inhibition,RI),抗冻蛋白是一类广泛存在于鱼类、植物、真菌、昆虫中的蛋白,不同生物的AFPs的化学结构、理化性质、空间构型各不相同,并且同类生物之间的AFPs同源性也不高,不存在相似性序列或结构模式,说明它们可能是在不同的有机体中独立进化而来,没有共同的演化规律.随着研究的深入,抗冻蛋白可广泛应用于医学农学食品工业等领域,起到冷冻保护剂,食品添加剂的作用,前人已经对抗冻蛋白的结构、生化性质和抗冻机制进行了阐述,研究主要对抗冻蛋白应用方面及基因工程的表达作了系统综述,为抗冻蛋白的深入研究奠定基础.     

信息技术在上海动物园绿地管理中的应用

信息技术在绿化领域正体现出越来越多的应用优势。本文以案例研究的形式,探讨了在上海动物园运用信息技术对绿地中的植物元素和非植物元素进行调查、测量,在此基础上,利用AutoCAD软件对采集的信息资料进行分析,建立绿化信息数据动态更新机制。     

卧式木工钻孔机设计

通过对木材钻孔工艺的分析,确定卧式木工钻孔机的设计方案.根据木材加工工艺要求,完成该机的钻削机构、进给机构、夹紧机构和位置调整机构等主要机构的结构设计.     

汽车新动力━━HEV综述

介绍了混合动力电动汽车(HEV)的概念、HEV动力总成的组成及型式,以丰田PRIUS为例阐述了HEV的工作原理。     

Modeling soil water dynamics in a drip-irrigated intercropping field under plastic mulch

Intercropping, drip irrigation, and the use of plastic mulch are important management practices, which can, when utilized simultaneously, increase crop production and save irrigation water. Investigating soil water dynamics in the root zone of the intercropping field under such conditions is essential in order to understand the combined effects of these practices and to promote their wider use. However, not much work has been done to investigate soil water dynamics in the root zone of drip-irrigated, strip intercropping fields under plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate soil water contents (SWC) at different locations, for different irrigation treatments, and with respect to dripper lines and plants (corn and tomatoes). Experimental data were then used to calibrate the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model. Comparison between experimental data and model simulations showed that HYDRUS (2D/3D) described different irrigation events and SWC in the root zone well, with average relative errors of 10.8, 9.5, and 11.6 % for irrigation treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively, and with corresponding root mean square errors of 0.043, 0.035, and 0.040 cm³ cm^?3, respectively. The results showed that the SWC in the shallow root zone (0–40 cm) was lower under non-mulched locations than under mulched locations, irrespective of the irrigation treatment, while no significant differences in the SWC were observed in the deeper root zone (40–100 cm). The SWC in the shallow root zone was significantly higher for the high irrigation treatment (T1) than for the low irrigation treatment, while, again, no differences were observed in the deeper root zone. Simulations of two-dimensional SWC distributions revealed that the low irrigation treatment (T3) produced serious severe water stress (with SWCs near the wilting point) in the 30–40 cm part of the root zone, and that using separate drip emitter lines for each crop is well suited for producing the optimal soil water distribution pattern in the root zone of the intercropping field. The results of this study can be very useful in designing an optimal irrigation plan for intercropped fields.     

A New Beam Column Element of Space Framed Structures for Nonlinear Analysis of Geometric Material

An incremental virtual work equation of three dimensional(3D) beam column element is proposed based on the UL method. The geometric nonlinear tangent stiffness matrix for 3D beam column element is deduced with the consideration of warping, shear deformation and effects of moment spatial rotation. Material nonlinearity is addressed by introducing plastic hinges at the element ends. And the Orbison sectional strength is modified in order to consider the effects of torsion moment and warping. The elastic plastic tangent stiffness matrix is acquired as the element ends are in plastic phase based on the flow theory. With a case studied, it is shown that the model can be used to predict accurately the ultimate bearing capacity and instability mode of 3Dspace frames by only one or two elements, and address the effects of warping and shear deformations effectively.     

采用白腐菌对难降解有机污染物的生物净化

白腐菌对难降解污染物的生物降解作用已引起世界范围内的普遍关注，它可通过其分泌的特殊的降解酶系或其他机制将各种难降解的有机污染物彻底降解为CO₂和H₂O。该文介绍了白腐真菌的生物学特性及其分泌的酶系，阐述了白腐菌所分泌的酶在降解各种难降解有机物中的作用机制，分析了提高白腐菌降解能力的方法，总结了白腐菌在治理环境污染方面的应用现状与研究进展，探讨了白腐菌在实际应用方面的不足以及今后的研究方向，对白腐菌在解决环境污染方面的问题具有实际意义。     

怀化市鹤城区退耕还林工程生态效益计量评价

对怀化市鹤城区自2001年实施退耕还林工程以来十年间所取得的生态效益进行计量评价,估算了鹤城区退耕还林工程在保护水资源效益、固土保肥效益和固碳制氧效益3个方面所产生的生态效益。结果表明,鹤城区退耕还林工程所带来的生态效益十分显著,鹤城区退耕还林工程生态效益总价值为16645.36万元。