基于改进湍流模型和偏振成像技术的水下退化图像复原方法

为了满足工厂化水产养殖中过程控制的信息化要求,该文提出一种基于改进湍流模型结合偏振成像技术,具有较强鲁棒性的水下退化图像复原方法。考虑内外尺度对波结构函数影响,结合折射率谱,改进水下湍流退化模型以提高复原算法先验知识的完备性;基于改进的退化模型和水下前向散射光的偏振特性,利用偏振成像技术提取退化图像中的噪声特征;基于退化图像噪声特征,采用约束最小二乘滤波法进行退化图像复原;最后,对复原效果进行相应比较,结果表明在强湍流条件下本算法具有更为理想的复原效果。该研究可为复杂水流条件下水下退化图像复原方法研究提供参考。     

RFID技术与图书馆自动化研究

自动化是现代图书馆发展的必然趋势。RFID技术具有识别距离远、支持多目标识别等优点,因而在图书馆自动化的过程中占据了重要地位。阐述了RFID在图书馆应用中的优势,并对其在图书馆自动化过程中的应用进行了分析研究。     

Ameliorative effect of potassium on mice and tomato subjected to sodium salinization

Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Yamabiko) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. Saturn) plants subjected to Na-salinization (NA: 80 mmol( + ) kg^-1 Na) in hydroponics were grown after the addition of K at five concentrations (K1: 10, K2: 20, K3: 30, K4: 40, K5: 50 mmol( + ) kg^-1). The effect of K on their growth was analyzed in terms of transpiration, cation uptake, and transport. A similar tendency for the above parameters was obtained in both species. The addition of 10 mmol( + ) kg^-1 K improved the growth by decreasing the content of Na and increasing the K content of the plants. The growth of the plants, however, was reduced along with the increase of the K concentration and became comparable to that of NA at K5. The total cation content increased with the increase of the K concentration, which was due to the increase of the K content.

A close relationship was observed among the osmotic potential of the solution, cumulative transpiration, and dry weight for both species among the K treatments.

Addition of K suppressed the uptake of other cations by rice and tomato in the order of Na>Mg>Ca, with a very small suppression for Ca and Mg. The depression of Na uptake by K could be due to the antagonism between the two cations.

In rice, the addition of K resulted in a decrease of the uptake concentration (UC) of Na and an increase of that of K, but did not bring about any changes in the UC of Ca and Mg. It was worth noting that K1 and K2 led to a higher UC of Na than NA in tomato, while the trend of the UC of K, Ca, and Mg was similar to that in rice. The transport of Na and Ca to the tops of rice was not affected by the addition of K, while that of Mg increased by K addition. In tomato, the transport of all the cations was promoted by the increase of the K concentration.     

Non-contact IOP measuring system based on aerostatic technology

For the foreign monopoly of current non-contact tonometry technology and the disadvantage of domestic existing technology,we develop a new type of non-contact tonometry system base on equilibrium principle and aerostatic technology. The system adopts ARM9 S3C2440A as the core,mainly including flotation measurement module,control module,human-computer interaction and communication interface module. The flotation measurement module could finish the signal acquisition and measurement on CCD camera,pressure sensor,and optical signals of corneal reflection that the control module mainly controlled the supply gas pressure of centered gas chamber. When the developed system is used to measure human intraocular pressure,the measured values show that there is only less than 6.01% repeatability error. Compared with the imported non-contact tonometry,the absolute error between two equipments’ measured IOP values is also no more than 1.3m mHg,which shows that the system could detect the intraocular pressure of people quickly and easily.     

北京市主要行道树白蜡生长因子的模型研究

为了构建胸径生长估测模型,以便快速掌握行道树的生长状况,提高行道树调查效率。笔者采用随机抽样的方法,收集了北京城区主要行道树白蜡的胸径、树高、枝下高、冠幅、叶面积等生长指标,根据胸径等级进行分类,利用5种单因素变量模型构建胸径与多项生长指标的估测模型。结果表明,北京市中径级的行道树白蜡分布最为广泛,占总数的63%以上;白蜡胸径与树高的相关性最高,其余依次为冠幅、叶面积、枝下高,其指数估测模型H=98.2399-28.0859D+2.8115D²-0.0743D³,相关系数达0.9967,系统误差为0.3299%,相对其他模型效果更优;而白蜡胸径与多生长因素的估测首选模型为：D=0.5595H²-9.6656H+2.0172h²-9.2454h-1.0413W²+12.4859W-0.0188S²+1.4996S+6.2011,其均方根误差只有1.0242,而精度高达95.61%。本研究建立的白蜡胸径生长估测模型具有良好的效果,适用于各年龄段的行道树白蜡调查,为北京市行道树白蜡的生长状况、景观质量和生态效益的监测提供快速调查与数据更新理论模型。     

采摘机器人承载平台构型设计与工作空间分析

通过构型演变,设计一种五自由度采摘机器人承载平台机构,去掉Stewart六自由度并联机构的一条驱动支链,得到五驱动支链并联机构。机构采用SPS支链为驱动支链,驱动支链对运动平台无约束。由于仅有5条驱动支链,需增加1条约束从动支链限制运动平台1个空间自由度。为此,采用螺旋理论分析约束从动支链,得到满足不同自由度的从动支链约束螺旋和对应结构,综合出具有不同运动特征的五自由度并联机构。针对此类五自由度并联机构构型,提出了机构构型的符号表示方法,建立了机构的输入与输出关系方程,利用速度Jacobian矩阵研究机构的奇异性,选取无奇异的机构构型为承载平台,并计算了承载平台的工作空间。     

一种叶绿素实时检测的新方法

介绍了一种基于MINIPAM荧光仪调制脉冲式荧光检测技术的LED辐照叶绿素荧光参数的实时检测方法。该方法利用可编程电源为LED列阵提供恒流输出驱动,LED列阵作为激发叶绿素产生荧光的光化光,利用MINIPAM荧光仪对植物光系统II的稳态荧光Fs、光适应下最大荧光Fm’进行检测,并结合环境测控系统的测量,综合分析环境因素对实际量子效率、实际电子传递速率等参数的影响。MINIPAM荧光仪通过与上位机通信,可以进行实时在线监控。     

计算机视觉技术在番茄收获中的应用

运用双目立体视觉技术对红色番茄进行定位,图像进行灰度变换后,对图像的二维直方图进行腐蚀,膨胀以后除小团块,提取背景区边缘,然后用拟合曲线实现彩色图像的分割,将番茄从背景中分离出来,对目标进行标定后,用面积匹配实现共轭图像中目标的配准,运用体视成像原理,从两幅二维图像中恢复目标的三维坐标,从实验数据可知,当目标与摄像机的距离为300－400mm时,深度误差可控制在3％－4％。     

安徽省驷马山引江灌溉工程水价制度研究

结合该工程的实际情况 ,在全面分析工程现行水价制度存在的主要问题的基础上 ,扼要讨论了工程的理论水价计算 ,对驷马山引江工程水价征收办法进行了较深入的研究。     

汽车新动力━━HEV综述

介绍了混合动力电动汽车(HEV)的概念、HEV动力总成的组成及型式,以丰田PRIUS为例阐述了HEV的工作原理。