Effects of dietary lipid levels on lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus). Four isonitrogenous (300 g/kg crude protein) experimental diets containing graded levels of lipid (25, 55, 85 and 115 g/kg) were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 180 juvenile fish. Fish were fed twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth performance and proximate composition of fish were determined. The activities and gene expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were assessed as well. Fish fed the diets with 55 and 85 g/kg lipid had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher body weight gain than those fed the diets with 25 and 115 g/kg lipid. The whole-body and liver lipid contents were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated with increasing dietary lipid levels. Moreover, the activities and mRNA abundances of LPL and HSL in the liver, dorsal muscle and fat tissues were markedly altered by dietary lipid levels. Our data demonstrate a profound influence of dietary lipid levels on the growth and lipid deposition in hybrid tilapia, which is likely associated with the regulation of lipid metabolic enzymes including LPL and HSL.     

我国行政扑杀行为的行政法考量——以私权保护为视角

动物疫情大规模暴发时,对一定范围内的动物进行扑杀是各国通行的做法。行政扑杀是政府行使行政权的表现,权力行使不当会损害相对人的合法权益。我国《动物防疫法》等法律法规中有行政扑杀行为的具体规定。行政扑杀行为是即时性强制行为。行政法应从合法性原则、正当程序原则、比例原则、充分补偿原则四个方面对行政扑杀行为进行规制。行政相对人对政府的行政扑杀行为,可以通过行政复议和行政诉讼进行救济。政府应对扑杀行为的具体做法加以改进,以促进社会和谐。     

A cluster of two psittacosis cases among women farmers exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected domestic poultry in Zhejiang Province,China

A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely.     

不同的干燥工艺对荷花蜂花粉功能成分的影响

探讨了5种干燥工艺对荷花蜂花粉功能成分的影响。微波干燥的干燥效率最高,60%火力处理540s可使水分从31.41%降到6.42%;干燥方式对荷花蜂花粉蛋白质影响较小;微波干燥后总黄酮提取率最高,为13.20mg/g;真空冷冻干燥后维生素C和过氧化氢酶含量最高,分别为48.89mg/100g和29.86mg/g·min。总的来说,真空冷冻干燥对荷花蜂花粉的功能成分影响最小;常压恒温干燥对功能成分影响较小、工艺简单、对设备要求低,宜于大规模应用于实际生产中。     

蓬安蚕业发展之我见

蚕桑产业是蓬安县委确立的“四大特色”农业产业项目之一,是我县农民增收的主要项目,栽桑养蚕在我县有着悠久的历史,曾为农村经济的发展做出过卓越贡献,为县域经济发展创造过辉煌业绩。当前,国际丝绸行情攀升,原料茧供不应求,蚕茧收购价格涨幅较大,面对机遇,笔者就如何把我县蚕     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Echinococcus granulosus</Emphasis>: Immunoprotection accompanyied by humoral and cytokine response against secondary hydatidosis in mice immunized with r<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eg.</Emphasis>myophilin

Objects:  

This study aimed to investigate the immunoprotection of the recombinant Eg.myophilin (rEg.myophilin) and tentatively analyze mechanism of this protection.     

中国广东家蚕微粒子孢子在Antheraea eucalypti细胞系的感染增殖

将中国广东的Ｎｏｓｅｍａ ｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＣＧＳ,用０２ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＯＨ 处理后,接种感染Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞系。孢子的发芽率达８７％ ,在Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞初期感染率为２７ ％ 。发育各阶段具２ 核,可观察到短极丝孢子和二次感染体形成,孢子芽母细胞按二分裂形成２ 个双核的孢子芽,具典型 Ｎｏｓｅｍａ 属特征。Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＣＧＳ 生物学特性、血清学类型与日本Ｎｏｓｅｍａ ｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＮＩＳ００１ 大致相同,但孢子大小、裂殖体的形态、在Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞寄生的细胞感染率、每个细胞的产孢数,２ 种微孢子虫却有差异。     

Detection of chromogranin A in the adrenal gland extracts of different animal species by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen-specific Amaranthus caudatus lectin

The reactivity of different lectins with crude chromogranin A (CgA) obtained from different animals, namely, cow, horse, dog, pig, and dolphin, was examined to identify lectin(s) that would be useful as coating reagent(s) in a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of the different lectins studied, the Amaranthus caudatus lectin (ACA), which is specific for the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc), was found to react with the CgA from different animals by western blotting. Purified rabbit anti-bovine CgA antibody was also found to cross-react with the crude CgA preparations. On the basis of these findings, a sandwich ELISA was developed with ACA as the coating reagent and anti-bovine CgA antibody as the probing antibody. Using this method, concentration-dependent curves ranging from 0.003 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL and from 0.02 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL were obtained for bovine CgA and canine CgA, respectively. Similarly, concentration-dependent curves were obtained for the equine, swine, and dolphin crude CgA extracts. Thus, ACA is concluded to be a valuable reagent for CgA detection in crude extracts from different animal species, and for CgA isolation/purification.     

西藏疯草研究进展

通过查阅现有文献资料和实地调查结果表明,西藏共有疯草类有毒植物22种,其中棘豆属植物14种,黄芪属植物8种。疯草对西藏草地畜牧业生产危害十分严重,引起大批牲畜中毒死亡,造成严重经济损失;影响畜种改良,畜群结构严重失衡;破坏草地生态平衡,致使草地退化。西藏目前针对疯草的防除措施主要有人工挖除和应用化学除草剂灭除,并且应用解毒药物和生态控制工程预防和防治牲畜疯草中毒。疯草类植物虽然有毒,但含有较高的粗蛋白和含硫氨基酸,粗纤维含量较低,可作为动物饲料或药物进行开发利用。     

抗菌肽及其在畜牧业中的应用

抗菌肽是动物体以及人类自身免疫系统中重要的组成部分。自从上个世纪70年代初由瑞典科学家Boman HG首次发现后,人们逐渐开始关注这一具有广谱抗菌性能,且相对于抗生素具有高效和无残留等显著优点的抗菌物质。随着对其研究深入,人们对抗菌肽的分布、结构和作用有了很大认识,并根据需要进行了分类。本文主要介绍抗菌肽的来源及其各自结构、分类的研究进展等,为今后的研究和学习提供借鉴。