Identification of QTLs for Starch Content in Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.）

Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity. In the present study, interval mapping （IM） and multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL） model （MQM） analysis were used to identify QTLs for starch content with a mapping population consisting of 202 F1 individuals of a cross between Xushu 18, a cultivar susceptible to stem nematodes, with high yield and moderate starch, and Xu 781, which is resistant to stem nematodes, has low yield and high starch content. Six QTLs for starch content were mapped on six linkage groups of the Xu 781 map, explaining 9.1-38.8% of the variation. Especially, one of them, DMFN 4, accounted for 38.8% of starch content variation, which is the QTL that explains the highest phenotypic variation detected to date in sweetpotato. All of the six QTLs had a positive effect on the variation of the starch content, which indicated the inheritance derived from the parent Xu 781. Two QTLs for starch content were detected on two linkage groups of the Xushu 18 map, explaining 14.3 and 16.1% of the variation, respectively. They had a negative effect on the variation, indicating the inheritance derived from Xu 781. Seven of eight QTLs were co-localized with a single marker. This is the first report on the development of QTLs co-localized with a single marker in sweetpotato. These QTLs and their co-localized markers may be used in marker-assisted breeding for the starch content of sweetpotato.     

基于品牌战略的非热点区旅游发展研究——以重庆市涪陵区为例

以涪陵区为例,为了实现涪陵旅游发展的新突破,首先应实施引领品牌战略,通过大力打造武陵山度假区和"涪州古城",使之成为带动涪陵旅游发展的双翼;其次实施多品牌战略,充实涪陵的旅游产品,并通过有机整合产生涪陵旅游的形象叠加效应;再次要重视旅游目的地品牌建设,把旅游产品品牌和旅游目的地品牌的建设结合起来,共同促进涪陵旅游发展迈向新台阶。     

益生菌安全性和有效性评价方法的研究进展

益生菌是指一类活的、摄入足够量就能够对人体产生有益作用的微生物,目前广泛应用于食品和饲料工业领域。随着市场上商品化益生菌的不断出现,如何评价一个菌株的安全性及有效性成为人们关注的问题。目前,益生菌的评价主要从安全性和有效性入手,安全性和有效性评价又包括体内和体外的评价。很多企业在开发益生菌产品时很少对菌株做出全面的安全性评价,而且各国研究者采用的评价指标和评价方法也不尽相同。对于有效性评价,同样也没有统一的评价标准。针对目前益生菌评价存在的问题,亟需建立一套完善的评价方法,对益生菌的安全性和有效性进行系统、科学地评价。作者从益生菌可能产生的潜在危害及功效方面出发,着重论述了益生菌的溶血性、毒力因子、抗生素抗性和产有毒代谢产物的体外安全性评价方法,耐酸、耐胆盐、耐人工胃肠液、胃肠黏膜黏附性和抑菌活性的体外有效性评价方法,及体内的安全性和有效性评价方法的研究进展,期望为建立完善的益生菌评价技术体系和标准提供参考。     

图书除尘消毒工作探讨——以宜春学院图书馆为例

本文介绍了图书除尘消毒的涵义、意义、常用的消毒方法,并对宜春学院图书馆图书消毒的现状及具体举措做了详尽的阐述,旨在抛砖引玉,引起广大同仁对此问题的广泛关注。     

剑麻组培苗移栽管理技术

研究了剑麻组培苗的移栽及袋装苗培育技术,探讨改革传统的珠芽苗或钻心苗经密植到疏植再到大田种植的育苗技术,改为培育重1-2 kg或苗高达40-50 cm的组培袋苗直接上大田种植的模式。     

基施硒钴配合肥对苜蓿生产性能的影响

经过2006-2008年为期3年在硒钴缺乏的河南省郑州市黄河滩区苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)草地上基施硒钴配合肥料,研究对其生产性能的影响,以期改善苜蓿生长环境和提高苜蓿产量和品质。结果表明,硒钴配合基施均能够显著提高现蕾到开花期苜蓿叶面积指数和净光合能力(P<0.05),提高苜蓿单位叶面积生产干物质的速率,有利于苜蓿的花前青干草生产;在4种硒钴配施肥中,以硒量570 g/hm²、钴量762 g/hm²配施效果最显著,2年内牧草平均增产8.0%(P<0.05),种子的千粒重提高了12.5%(P<0.01),耕作层地下生物量提高了4.6%。     

马尾松低效林不同改造模式土壤微生物及土壤酶活性的研究

马尾松是我国南方主要用材树种之一,在红壤低山丘陵区因立地条件较差,存在着大面积的低效马尾松林.选择经补植阔叶树改造后的低效马尾松林为研究对象,并以附近自然恢复(受到人为干扰)的低效马尾松林地作对照,研究不同林型的土壤微生物、酶活性以及土壤理化性质.结果表明:(1)马尾松低效林进行改造后土壤微生物数量明显增加,且上层微生物数量明显多于下层,各改造模式中马尾松-木荷混交模式最多.(2)在0～20 cm土层,改造后的林分其林地土壤过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和脲酶活性均明显高于对照地;20～40 cm土层,不同酶的活性在不同林分中表现不同.(3)土壤微生物总量与土壤速效N、速效P含量以及多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均为极显著相关;经多元逐步回归分析,蔗糖酶活性是影响微生物总量的第一位因子.(4)全磷含量是影响多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性的最主要因子;速效P是影响土壤脲酶活性的第一位因子;pH值是影响土壤蔗糖酶活性的关键因子.     

番茄叶霉病重要流行环节初步研究Ⅱ.病斑产孢、孢子飞散

对番茄叶霉病病斑产孢规律的研究表明:在保湿24h内,随着保湿时间的延长,病斑相对产孢量也随之增加;黑暗条件有利于病斑产孢;病斑产孢适宜温度为10～28℃。其中,在23℃时产孢量最大,4℃和35℃时病斑几乎不产孢;在80%～100%的相对湿度范围内病斑均可产孢,病斑产孢量随湿度的增加而增大;另外,病斑相对产孢量随氮肥使用量的增加而增加,却随着磷钾肥使用量的增加而减少;6～9龄的病斑产孢能力最强。叶霉病菌分生孢子主要在夜间飞散;在番茄植株株高30～100cm范围内,60cm株高处分生孢子数量最多。     

施肥措施对不同母质侵蚀红壤的修复效应

通过大豆盆栽试验,研究几种肥料配比和调理剂施用对不同母质发育的侵蚀红壤的培肥效应.结果表明,1)与施用NPK化肥相比,土壤调理剂2号的施用可以提高旱地红壤的有效磷和有机质含量,减轻因施用化肥带来的土壤酸化,提高大豆对肥料氮、钾的利用率,增加作物生物量,提高土壤微生物数量;施用有机肥可以较快地提高土壤速效氮、磷、钾和有机质含量,显著提高大豆对肥料氮、磷、钾的利用率和土壤微生物活度,施用有机肥或土壤调理剂是提高红壤旱地肥力较好的技术措施.2)3种母质发育的红壤相比较,第四纪红土红壤速效养分较高,板岩发育的红壤植物氮磷肥利用率较高,而花岗岩发育的红壤植物钾肥利用率较低,应重视板岩发育红壤和花岗岩发育红壤的钾素资源补充.     

Effects of HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis on hypoxia-induced migration and adhesion of progenitor cells

AIM: To observe the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) of SD rats and to investigate the role of HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis on hypoxia-induced migration and adhesion of progenitor cells to PAECs. METHODS: Immunomagnetic beads were used to separate and purify the CD34⁺/CXCR4⁺ progenitor cells derived from the peripheral circulation of SD rats. The expression of HIF-1α and SDF-1 in PAECs exposed to hypoxia (1% O₂, 5% CO₂ and 94% N₂) was detected by immunofluorescence, Western blotting and ELISA. The migration index and adhesion rate were measured in the progenitor cells, which were subjected to the following different treatments: (1) normoxia (21% O₂); (2) hypoxia 12 h; (3) hypoxia 12 h +HIF-1α inhibitor (2ME2); (4) hypoxia 12 h+SDF-1 neutralizing antibody; (5) hypoxia 12 h+2ME2+SDF-1 neutralizing antibody.RESULTS: The expression of HIF-1α and SDF-1 in PAECs was effectively induced by the hypoxic exposure, and both of them reached the peak levels after 12 h of hypoxic treatment (P<0.01), while administration of 2ME2 decreased the hypoxia-induced SDF-1 expression (P<0.05). Treatment of the PAECs with 2ME2 or SDF-1 neutralizing antibody attenuated the migration index and adhesion rate of progenitor cells to the PAECs (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis in hypoxia-exposed PAECs, which may play a crucial role in the migration and adhesion of progenitor cells to PAECs.