Effect of Human Menopausal Gonadotropin,17β-estradiol and Epidermal Growth Factor on the Quality of in vitro Maturation Bovine Oocytes

For optimizing in vitro maturation system of bovine oocytes,we firstly examined the influence of four different hormonal regimes(FSH+LH,HMG,FSH+LH+E₂ and HMG+E₂) on oocyte maturation rates.Then we studied the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the above defined medium on bovine oocyte maturation,in vitro development and quality of parthenogenetic embryos.The cell apoptotic index of parthenogenetic blastocysts was detected by TUNEL.No significant difference was observed in maturation rates in four groups supplemented with different hormones.However,human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) provided steady maturation results in replicates.Maturation of oocytes was promoted by supplementation with 17β-estradiol (E₂).Combination of HMG and E₂ gave rise to steady and efficient mature results.The presence of EGF at 30 ng/mL concentration significantly increased maturation rate and blastocyst rate and reduced apoptotic cells in parthenogenetic blastocysts.Therefore,the optimal oocyte maturation solution could be supplemented with 0.075 IU/mL HMG,1 μg/mL E₂ and 30 ng/mL EGF.     

Effect of Luteolin on Blood Indexes,Liver and Kidney in Mice with Acute Mercury Poisoning

To study the effect of luteolin on blood indexes,liver and kidney in mice with acute mercury poisoning,28 mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (intraperitoneal injection 0.9% saline),luteolin group (lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin),mercuric chloride group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercury chloride) and mercury chloride+luteolin group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercuric chloride,lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin).The activities of ALT in serum,AST,CREA and BUN contents,blood WBC,RBC,HGB content and GSH and MDA contents of liver tissue were detected.Morphological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed.The results showed that compared with the control group,the activities of ALT and AST of mercuric chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01),serum CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05) while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were obviously.Compared with mercuric chloride group,the activities of ALT,AST in serum,CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents of mercuric chloride+luteolin group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05),while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly elevated (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were attenuated obviously.The poisoning were characterized by inflammation and the occurrence of anemia when acute mercury poisoning occurred,liver and kidney showed different degrees of injury in mice.Luteolin could reduce the toxic effects of acute mercury poisoning on blood,liver and kidney.     

用于构建双价禽流感DNA疫苗的双目的基因表达质粒的构建及鉴定

为探索构建禽流感双价或多价DNA疫苗的可行性,本研究以本实验室前期研制的禽流感DNA疫苗p CAGGopti HA5为基础[其中含有禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Goose/Guang Dong/1/96(H5N1)的HA基因],将增强型绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)报告基因作为第二个目的基因,利用双启动子启动、内部核糖体进入位点(IRES)介导以及通过蛋白Linker编码序列连接融合表达两个目的基因的形式,构建了双启动子重组表达质粒pH5-eGFP、IRES介导的重组表达质粒pHIE以及融合表达重组质粒pH6E。并采用脂质体介导将这3种重组质粒分别转染293T细胞,通过间接免疫荧光试验和western blot方法检测HA和eGFP这两种目的蛋白的瞬时表达情况。结果显示,这3种重组质粒均能够正确表达AIV的HA蛋白和eGFP。其中pH5-eGFP表达出两个独立的目的蛋白,而且互相不影响各自的表达和细胞定位;pH6E则以融合形式表达两种目的蛋白,由于HA蛋白具有膜定位信号,所以融合蛋白主要定位于细胞膜上。本研究结果表明,双启动子表达质粒和双目的蛋白融合表达质粒适合用于构建AIV以及其他相关病原的双价DNA疫苗。     

不同纸袋套袋对纽荷尔脐橙果实品质的效应研究

采用6种不同纸袋对纽荷尔脐橙进行套袋试验,结果表明,对脐橙品质的影响因不同果袋而异.与对照相比,外棕内红双层袋、外灰内红双层袋和外黄内黑双层袋提高了果皮亮度、色饱和度和黄色度,而红色度没有显著差异;果实完熟采收时,各处理与对照相比,类胡萝卜素提高12～49 μg/g FW,叶绿素差异不明显,而单果质量则下降了8.9～83.6 g,除外灰内红双层袋处理的可溶性固形物上升0.2百分点外,其余处理的下降0～1.3个百分点;酸含量下降0～0.9百分点,外黄内黑双层袋处理大幅度降低Vc含量.纽荷尔脐橙宜选用外灰内红双层袋或外棕内红双层袋进行果实套袋,不宜选用外黄内黄双层袋.     

草鱼鱼种叶酸需要量的研究

以酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白源,配制叶酸含量分别为0,0.5,1.0,2.0,5.0,10.0,20.0 mg/kg的7组精制试验饲料,投喂初始体重为(5.78±0.17)g的草鱼鱼种8 w,考察不同叶酸添加量对草鱼鱼种生长和部分血液指标的影响,以确定草鱼鱼种的叶酸需要量.结果表明:添加叶酸5.0 mg/kg使草鱼鱼种增重率(WG)、饲料效率(FE)、血液中血红蛋白含量(Hb)和血小板数(PLT)比未添加叶酸的对照组有显著增加(P＜0.05),而使血清中甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量比对照组有显著降低(P＜0.05);添加叶酸对草鱼鱼种存活率(SR)、血清中总蛋白(TP)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量,以及血液中红细胞数(RBC)无显著影响(P＞0.05);对WG、TG、TC、Hb和PLT进行折线回归分析得出草鱼鱼种对叶酸的需要量为3.6～4.3 mg/kg饲料.     

对硫磷胁迫下不同硒源对中华米虾超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响

研究了在对硫磷胁迫下饲料中添加不同硒源对中华米虾(Caridina denticulata sinensis)超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响.结果表明,饲料中添加等量无机硒和有机硒,有机硒组米虾的SOD和CAT活性均高于无机硒组(P＜0.05).对硫磷对中华米虾的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h的半致死浓度分别为15.40、8.73、4.59和1.09 μg/L.中华米虾在1.09 μg/L以下不同浓度对硫磷胁迫24 h,随着对硫磷浓度的升高,无机硒和有机硒组虾的SOD和CAT活性变化趋势一致,均是先升后降,有机硒组米虾的SOD和CAT活性均高于无机硒组(P＜0.05).可见,中华米虾对饲料中添加有机硒的吸收效果好于无机硒.     

Mycoplasma leachii causes bovine mastitis: Evidence from clinical symptoms,histopathology and immunohistochemistry

Twelve quarters of six lactating cows were inoculated with Mycoplasma leachii strain GN407 through intramammary ductal infusion; another 12 quarters were inoculated with heat-inactivated M. leachii culture medium as negative controls. Multidisciplinary procedures, including clinical assessment, etiology assessment, pathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC), were used to elucidate the pathogenicity of M. leachii in bovine mastitis. From post-inoculation days (PIDs) 3 to 9, 12 inoculated quarters developed mild to severe clinical mastitis and mammary tissue histopathological changes, including inflammatory cell infiltration and architectural destruction of mammary gland ducts. The M. leachii antigen was also detected by IHC in the mammary gland epithelial cells of the inoculated quarters as a weak signal on PID 6 and as a strong signal on PID 9. The control quarters also developed mild mastitis and histopathological changes on PID 9, and M. leachii was also detected by IHC. Throughout the experimental period, the quarters of the negative control cow were clinically and pathologically normal, and the M. leachii antigen was not detected. In conclusion, direct histological and immunohistochemical evidence confirmed that M. leachii causes clinical bovine mastitis through histopathological lesions induced by invasion of the pathogen into mammary gland cells and through inflammatory cell infiltration.     

副鸡禽杆菌单因子血清的制备与应用

利用副鸡禽杆菌的A、B和C3个血清型的参考菌株Hpg-8、CCM6075和Hpg-68分别制备相应的抗血清,然后对抗血清进行交叉吸收试验,得到A型、B型和C型3种单因子血清,不同血清型的单因子血清不与其他血清型菌株发生凝集。利用这3种单因子血清对临床上分离到的6株副鸡禽杆菌进行血清型的鉴定,结果表明6株地方分离株均为血清A型。     

中草药和芦荟多糖对肉鸡cAMP/cGMP与免疫功能的影响

研究了内仔鸡日粮中添加中草药添加剂和芦荟多糖对环核苷酸含量与免疫功能的影响.结果表明,中草药添加荆和芦荟多糖均能显著(P＜0.05)增加内鸡体重和肝脏重量,提高血浆和肝脏的cAMP和cGMP水平,以及血浆和肝脏的cAMP/cGMP比值.中草药添加剂加芦荟多糖提高了肉仔鸡对新城疫疫苗(NDV)的抗体水平,二免后,中草药添加荆加芦荟多糖既显著提高了内仔鸡对新城疫疫苗(NDV)的抗体水平(P＜0.05),同时还增强了肉仔鸡对NDV的免疫应答.表明中草药添加剂和芦荟多糖能提高内仔鸡的体液免疫功能,日粮中添加中草药添加荆加芦荟多糖比单独使用中草药添加剂或者芦荟多糖的效果要好,充分体现了不同的化学成分形成的协同免疫效应.     

O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺(肼)衍生物的合成及除草活性

为了寻找安全、高效的除草活性化合物,通过植物生长调节剂与O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的缩合反应得到8个新化合物,产率为28%～64%. 利用1H NMR 确定了化合物的结构. 初步生物活性测定表明:化合物2、3和7对油菜Brassica napus具有优异的抑制作用,质量浓度为100 mg/L时,抑制率达到100%,其效果优于对照化合物2,4-D,其中化合物2和7表现出很好的向顶输导特性. 化合物1和5具有优异的促生长作用,并表现出明显的向根积累特性.