株形对银杏叶产量及药用成分积累的影响

选择少分枝株形与正常株形银杏,通过比较两者树形结构、叶片形态特征、叶片超微结构、叶产量和药用成分等,分析不同株形银杏株高、银杏叶产量及药用成分积累特性.结果表明:少分枝银杏株高较高,叶片大且肥厚,叶片中叶绿体体积较大,淀粉粒数目较多.少分枝银杏单株鲜叶产量达1.51 kg,每公顷叶片产量可达2 137.43 kg以上,较正常株形分别提高12％和116％.然而,少分枝银杏叶片中主要药用成分总黄酮醇苷、总萜内酯含量均低于对照株形叶片中含量.在2种不同株形的银杏嫁接苗叶片中,少分枝银杏叶片总黄酮醇苷和萜内酯含量显著低于正常株形.综合而言,少分枝株形可显著促进银杏叶片发育和叶产量,但叶片的药用成分含量较低.     

高温催芽技术对水稻种子发芽及秧苗素质的影响

根据高温催芽机促进水稻种子发芽机理,设计不同温度处理对种子发芽情况进行研究,并对不同时期秧苗素质(发芽率、出苗整齐度、干物质量等指标)进行分析,探明其与常规催芽方式的差异.结果表明:温度较高的处理(50℃和60℃)较对照种子根发根速度快,同时壮苗比例也有明显的提高;高温处理对水稻干物质积累分配有明显差异,地上部茎叶的分配比例(21.95％)要明显高于地下部根系(15.31％),更有利于促进秧苗地上部的生长.大田试验表明,60℃处理的水稻种子发芽率比对照下降5％,但壮苗率增加3.5％,田间出苗整齐,秧苗壮,成熟期水稻产量及其结构明显高于常规种子处理.     

针灸对脾虚犬体重及部分血清指标的影响

通过注射利血平复制犬脾虚证动物模型,观察犬临床体征、体重及部分血清指标变化情况,并研究针灸对脾虚犬体重及血清指标的影响。结果显示,实验犬出现脾虚证后,其体重显著低于空白对照组（P〈0.05）,血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性与丙二醛（MDA）含量均显著增高（P〈0.05）;血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著降低（P〈0.05）。经针灸治疗后,实验组犬各项指标均得到明显改善,与阳性对照组比较呈显著性差异（P〈0.05）。试验结果表明,皮下注射利血平复制犬脾虚证动物模型后,选用一定穴位进行针灸,对治疗犬脾虚证有明显疗效。     

月季种质资源花色基础研究

运用测色仪对227个月季种质资源花色表型进行分类,并运用紫外分光光度计测定总类黄酮,探讨二者之间的相关性。结果表明:在a~*和b~*二维象限图上,7类色系主要集中分布在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ象限,在第Ⅲ象限(蓝色)没有分布,花瓣正面颜色分布较为集中、部分橙红色和深红色品种的反面花色分布较为离散;7个色系的明度均为L~(*B)L~(*F),绝大多数色系的颜色参数a~(*F)/b~(*F)/C~(*F)a~(*B)/b~(*B)/C~(*B),并且玫红色、紫红色、橙红色和深红色的正反面花色a~*、b~*、C~*差异显著;各个色系TA之间差异显著(P0.05),深红色TA含量最高。而TF含量,除了深红色和紫红色差异显著外,其他色系之间差异不显著(P0.05);TA与L~*呈负相关关系(P0.01),与花瓣L~(*B)相关性更大;TA与h°负相关(P0.01)。TA与a~*/C~*呈正相关关系(P0.01),与正面颜色参数值相关性更强,而TF与L~*/h°也呈负相关关系(P0.05)。说明TA和TF共同影响花色的呈现,并且花青苷含量的高低是影响花色深浅的主要因素。     

Effects of Mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae Extracts on Fracture Healing and Anti-inflammation

This experiment was aimed to study the effects of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae extracts on fracture healing and inflammation. Rabbit right radius fracture model was induced by dental drill in order to study the medicine's effect on fracture healing. Moreover,the contents of Ca,P and alkaline phosphatase in serum were measured to explore the influences of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae extracts on serum biochemical indexes of fractured rabbits.RAW264.7 cell was induced by LPS in order to research the effect of medicine on inflammation. The concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and NO were measured by ELISA. The results showed that the rabbit fracture model was successfully prepared by dental drill, and the extracts of Caulis Lonicerae japonicae could increase the levels of Ca and alkaline phosphatase and reduce the P content in the serum of fractured rabbits. The TNF-α,IL-1β and NO levels in RAW264.7 cell induced by LPS were significantly inhibited by the extracts with concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 μg/mL (P<0.05). However, the extracts had no significant effect on the level of IL-6 (P>0.05). These results demonstrated that the extracts of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae could promote the fracture healing and possessed good resistance inflammation effect.     

Effect of Different Crossbred Combinations on Fatting Performance in Beef Cattle

This study was aimed to determine the effects of different crossbred combinations on fatting performance in beef cattle. Using single factor randomized block design, 30 bulls (health, similar weight and age) were chosen, Simmental cattle×Kerqin beef cattle (group A), Charolais cattle×Kerqin crossbred beef cattle (group B) and Kerqin beef cattle (group C) were divided into three groups with 10 bulls per group. After 95 d, the body weight, slaughter performance, meat quality and the economic benefits of fattening were measured. The results showed that there were no significant influence on dry matter intake among trials (P>0.05). The F/G, ethanolic extract (EE) of muscle in crossbred groups (groups A and B) were significant lower than group C (P<0.05). The weight of carcass, weight of meat, rate of carcass, and the weight of shank, plate, chine and rump in crossbred groups were significant higher than group C (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in content of amino acids among groups (P>0.05),and it had difference in the content of palmitoleic acid (PAA),stearic acid(SA) and linoleic acid (LA). In this trial, it had better fattening performance and the economic benefits in crossbred cattle groups than Kerqin beef group cattle, but the ethanolic extract and unsaturated fatty acids of muscle in Kerqin beef cattle were higher than the crossbred groups, and it had better fattening performance by crossbred.     

盐酸塞拉嗪对大鼠不同脑区Gln及AsP含量的影响

研究盐酸塞拉嗪麻醉下大鼠不同脑区兴奋性氨基酸类神经递质含量的变化,探讨盐酸塞拉嗪中枢麻醉作用的可能机理.将48只Wistar大鼠随机分成6组,分别为对照组、诱导组、麻醉组、恢复Ⅰ组、恢复Ⅱ组和恢复Ⅲ组.采用反向高效液相色谱法测定各脑区Glu和Asp的含量.结果表明:腹腔注射盐酸塞拉嗪40 mg·kg-1后,麻醉组大鼠海马和丘脑Glu、Asp的含量显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而小脑和大脑皮质Glu、Asp的含量显著增加(P＜0.01);恢复Ⅰ组除脑干外其它各脑区Glu和Asp的含量与对照组比较差异显著(P＜0.05);恢复Ⅱ组各脑区Glu和Asp的含量均恢复显著(P＞0.05);麻醉全程,脑干内Glu和Asp含量均无显著变化(P＞0.05).结果提示,盐酸塞拉嗪对海马、丘脑、小脑和大脑皮质内Glu、Asp含量的影响可能是其产生全麻作用的重要机理之一.盐酸塞拉嗪的中枢麻醉作用,可能与降低海马和丘脑内Glu、Asp,增加小脑和大脑皮质内Glu、Asp的含量有关,海马可能是盐酸塞拉嗪作用的最敏感的脑区.     

驱除牛肝片形吸虫及消化道圆形线虫与体增重相关性的研究

通过寄生虫区系调查和临床检验,发现肝片形吸虫及消化道圆形线虫感染普遍。因此,应用硝氯酚和左旋咪唑给牛驱虫,并观察牛的虫卵减少率与体增重的关系。结果用药组的体增重与对照组比,硝氯酚组平均多增重２６．１ｋｇ／头;左旋咪唑７８．９ｋｇ／头。     

天敌莲草直胸跳甲保藏方法初探

莲草直胸跳甲(Agasicles hygrophila)是目前控制外来入侵种喜旱莲子草最有效的天敌昆虫,但因该天敌适应能力弱,种群自然变幅较大,致使生防效果不佳。在低温条件下,探索适合跳甲保藏的虫态、温度条件及保藏工具。结果表明,成虫和卵为较适保藏的虫态;在5℃下成虫可保持6 d左右,存活率大于85%;卵适宜保藏在10℃下,处理4 d孵化率大于75%;成虫宜在玻璃材质、塑料材质和泡沫材质的容器中保存,且三者间无显著差异,卵宜在塑料材质与玻璃材质中保存。莲草直胸跳甲对低温敏感,低温保藏有一定的困难,如何实现该天敌的长期保藏仍需继续探索。     

鲑鱼甲病毒病研究进展

1疾病概述
　　冷水鲑科鱼类价格昂贵,是世界三大养殖鱼类之一,主要分布于欧洲和北美。目前我国的鲑科鱼养殖以虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）为主,年产量占世界总产量的1％以下,每年需要进口大量的鲑鱼,尤其是大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar ）［1-2］,鲑鱼甲病毒病对于我国的鲑科鱼养殖具有潜在的威胁。