农杆菌介导大豆子叶节遗传转化体系的优化研究

以大豆品种"中豆32、Peking、早熟18、绥农14"子叶节为受体材料,用农杆菌介导法转入与抗逆相关的小麦Na /H 逆向转运蛋白基因(TaNHX2),探索外植体大小、培养基主要成分、培养时间等因素对外植体分化的影响,旨在优化遗传转化条件,提高大豆转基因的遗传转化效率.研究结果表明,以健康外植体获得率、抗性丛生芽获得率和抗性芽伸长比率为指标,筛选并建立的优化转化系统为:大豆萌发和不定芽诱导时分别加入0.5 mg L-16-BA和1.0 mg L-16-BA,浸染时间为30 min、共培养时间为3 d;外植体大小为2/3子叶,kan抗性筛选浓度第一阶段和第二阶段分别是60和50 mg L-1;利用上述方法,已获得中豆32转基因再生植株,经PCR分子检测,证明目的基因TaNHX2已导人并整合到大豆基因组中,转化率为3.78%.     

农网配电线路损耗分析

配电网起着输送和分配电能的作用,线路损耗给供电企业造成很大的成本投入,降低能源的利用率。分析配电网线路损耗的原因,提出降低线路损耗的具体措施,以期为配电网节能降耗、安全运行提供参考。     

Effects of different β-adrenergic receptors on cardiac systolic and diastolic functions in hypoxic stress rats

AIM:To explore the effects of different β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) on the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in rats under acute hypoxic stress. METHODS:The healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7):control group, non-selected β-AR blocker propranolol group, selected β₁-AR blocker atenolol group and selected β₂-AR blocker ICI 118,551 group, and then the rats were exposed to normoxia (20.9% O₂, 79.1% N₂) and hypoxia (15.0% O₂, 85.0% N₂) condition respectively at the altitude of 2 260 m (Xining, China). The heart rate (HR), the left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and the maximum raise/decline rate of left and right ventricular pressure (±dp/dt_max) were monitored, and the arterial blood gas in normoxia and hypoxia condition were compared to explore the effect of β-AR on the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in acute hypoxic stress rats. RESULTS:Under normoxia condition, the LVSP, ±dp/dt_max of left ventricular were decreased in propranolol group, atenolol group and ICI 118,551 group, the RVSP and ±dp/dt_max of right ventricle were decreased in propranolol group and atenolol group (P<0.05). Under hypoxia condition, the PaO₂, LVSP, ±dp/dt_max of left ventricle were decreased in all groups compared with the normoxia group, and the ±dp/dt_max of right ventricle was increased in all groups (P<0.05), also the degree of index change in control group was more obvious than that in propranolol group and atenolol group. CONCLUSION:The activation of β₁-AR is an important compensatory regulation for heart function during hypoxic stress. However, the compensatory enhancement of right heart function under acute hypoxia condition which through tonogenic dilation is more significant for maintaining the normal circulating blood flow.     

MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway mediates alcohol-induced angiogenesis in breast cancer

AIM To investigate the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and its receptor CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in ethanol-promoted breast cancer angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism. METH?ODS: A mouse model of transplanted breast tumor with moderate alcohol consumption was established. The correlations between the expression of MCP-1/CCR2 and the expression of angiogenesis markers [platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] in tumor tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, a 3D tumor-endothelial co-culture system was established to observe tumor angiogenesis and the role of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway in alcohol-mediated angiogenesis. The cell migration ability was detected to clarify whether MCP-1/CCR2 enhanced cell mobility to form new vessels. RESULTS MCP-1 and CCR2 were both highly expressed in the breast tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice consuming alcohol, and their expression levels were consistent with the angiogenic markers PECAM-1 and VEGF (P<0.05). The interaction between mouse breast cancer E0771 cells and endothelial cells was observed to promote angiogenesis in the 3D tumor-endothelial co-culture system with or without alcohol stimulation. MCP-1 promoted this kind of tumor angiogenesis, while CCR2 antagonist effectively inhibited the tumor angiogenesis and especially blocked alcohol-induced angiogenesis. Activation of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway enhanced the migration ability of endothelial cells. CONCLUSION The MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway plays an important role in promoting the angiogenesis of breast cancer stimulated by alcohol. The mechanism might be that MCP-1 improves the migration of endothelial cells and then promotes angiogenesis.     

南疆棉田节肢动物群落时间结构研究

南疆莎车棉田节肢动物有75种,害虫15种,天敌47种,中性节肢动物13种.害虫群落的种类和数量在6月中、下旬达到高峰时,7月后数量减少;天敌群落7月后种类和数量达高峰,后期起伏较小.节肢动物总体群落多样性指数6月下旬最低,之后逐渐升高;害虫多样性指数变化与之相同.系统聚类法对群落进行聚类和排序,可以将整个节肢动物群落发展分为三个阶段,即前期、中期、后期.     

黄伞菌株中三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因片段的分离鉴定与保守性验证

本研究以黄伞菌丝cDNA为模板，设计简并引物，经PCR扩增出两条片段SLI和S12，经过回收、重扩增、克隆与鉴定后进行测序分析，结果发现SI．1的序列在Genebank中与三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（Glyceraldehyde-3-Dhosphate dehydrogease，GPD）基因的同源性达到85％，根据SLI序列设计引物，以黄伞菌丝体、原基、菇蕾、子实体菌柄、子实体菌盖的cDNA为模板进行PCR反应以验证其保守性，结果显示此片段在不同分化发育阶段表达量相同。     

番茄灰霉病菌拮抗菌的筛选和应用

采集番茄等蔬菜叶、根和土壤样本 1 82份 ,分离获得对番茄灰霉病菌 (Botrytiscinerea Pers.)有抑制作用的拮抗菌5 8株。其中拮抗细菌 5 4株 ,占 93 .1 % ,且多为芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus) ;拮抗真菌中木霉 (Trichoderma)和粘帚霉 (Gliocladium)各 1株。根据抑菌圈法测定 ,拮抗细菌对灰霉菌的拮抗能力有显著差异 ,其中芽孢杆菌 Y2 - 1 1 - 1 菌株拮抗性最强且稳定。试验表明 :Y2 - 1 1 - 1 悬浮液对番茄灰霉病有较好的防治效果 ,室内叶片和果实的防效分别为 69.9%和 78.2 % ;大棚内对果腐的防效 ,喷施 1次与 2次的分别为 61 .7%～ 72 .1 %和 76.6%～ 85 .3 % ,明显优于 5 0 %速克灵 (2 0 0 0倍稀释液 )。     

中国水稻生产、市场与进出口贸易的回顾与展望

新中国成立以来,我国水稻科技不断取得重大突破,单产连创新高,年人均稻谷占有量突破150 kg,稻米供求实现了由长期短缺到总量平衡有余的历史性跨越,优质稻占比持续提高;市场从统购统销到合同定购,从保护价收购到托市收购,市场化程度不断加深,国家宏观调控能力不断增强,稻米市场价格稳步上涨;国家持续加强对大米贸易的宏观调控,改...     

施用氮磷肥对苏北滩涂围垦土壤盐渍化水平的影响

以苏北滩涂围垦土壤为研究对象,采用完全随机区组设计,通过种植碱篷与施用氮磷肥等种植模式,评价不同施肥方式对围垦土壤盐渍化水平的影响。对各处理的土壤盐分八大离子、pH、EC、总碱度(TA)、钠化率(ESP)、钠吸附比(SAR)进行因子分析,提取的3个主因子解释了总方差的84.16%,并且EC、Cl-、Na+、SAR和ESP在因子1上有较高的载荷,代表滩涂土壤的盐碱特征;Ca2+与SO24-在因子2上有较高的载荷,反映土壤的结构状况;TA和CO23-在因子3上有较高的载荷,代表着滩涂土壤的碱化特征。比较盐渍化水平综合评价得分可知,裸地的盐渍化水平最高,与其他各处理相比均达到显著性差异,滩涂围垦土壤种植碱篷后,盐渍化程度均得到明显地降低。尿素与过磷酸钙对围垦土壤的盐渍化水平的影响存在交互作用,其中过磷酸钙对盐渍化的影响起主导作用。