康砖和青砖茶中散囊菌的分离、鉴定及其生物学特性研究

在砖茶加工过程中微生物对砖茶品质有重要影响。茯砖茶中的冠突散囊菌（Eurotium cristatum （Raper ＆ Fennell） Malloch ＆ Cain;也称“金花菌”）直接影响茯砖茶的品质,而康砖茶和青砖茶中却被认为不含“金花菌”。但是,有研究指出,康砖、青砖等砖茶中都含有多种真菌,康砖茶品质主要是湿热和微生物作用引起内含物变化而形成。然而这些微生物的种类、生物学特性以及它们在砖茶加工过程中的作用,未见后续报道。     

病毒康防治水稻条纹叶枯病效果试验报告

试验结果表明,病毒康对水稻条纹叶枯病有较好的防治效果,使用浓度900倍液为宜,对水稻安全。     

非淀粉多糖酶对奥尼罗非鱼生长及抗菌力的影响

本文旨在研究非淀粉多糖酶对奥尼罗非鱼的生长及其抗菌力的影响。试验选用体重约60 g的奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)560尾,随机分成4个处理组,每组7个重复,每重复20尾奥尼罗非鱼,分别投喂添加不同梯度的液体酶制剂(0、0.1、0.2和0.4 mL/kg的饲料)。结果表明:(1)非淀粉多糖酶对罗非鱼的特定生长率、饲料转化率等生产性能指标均有显著升高(P<0.05);(2)添加非淀粉多糖酶0.2 mL/kg和0.4 mL/kg显著提高了罗非鱼白细胞的吞噬活性(P<0.05)和血清的杀菌能力(P<0.01),试验组各组织溶菌酶活力也显著增加(P<0.05)。     

固始鸡、罗曼蛋雏鸡和艾维茵肉仔鸡生长、养分沉积、肉质特性的比较研究

通过研究固始鸡、罗曼蛋雏鸡和艾维茵肉仔鸡生长、养分沉积、肉质特性的差异,探讨品种与生长、代谢和肉质间的关系。选用1日龄雄性固始鸡、艾维茵肉仔鸡、罗曼蛋雏鸡各120只,按体重随机分为6个重复,每重复20只,在相同日粮条件下进行8周的生长试验,并进行屠宰试验和肉质测定。结果表明:(1)3种鸡在体重、日增重、采食量、饲料转化率间存在极显著差异(P<0.01),固始鸡低于罗曼蛋雏鸡,罗曼蛋雏鸡低于艾维茵肉仔鸡;(2)固始鸡和罗曼蛋雏鸡的代谢能和粗蛋白质沉积效率显著低于艾维茵肉仔鸡(P<0.05);(3)固始鸡和罗曼蛋雏鸡的肌肉滴水损失、肌纤维直径、羟脯氨酸含量显著低于艾维茵肉仔鸡(P<0.05),固始鸡胸肌和腿肌中超氧化物歧化酶活性则极显著高于蛋鸡(P<0.01),蛋鸡极显著高于肉鸡(P<0.01)。与快速生长的鸡品种相比,慢速生长的固始鸡具有较低的代谢能和粗蛋白质沉积效率,具有较低的肌肉滴水损失、羟脯氨酸含量及较细的肌纤维,并具有较高的肌肉抗氧化水平。     

饲用复合酶对蛋用种鸡日粮磷的利用和生产性能的影响

本试验旨在研究低磷日粮添加复合酶制剂对蛋用种鸡磷的利用和生产性能的影响。选用972只24周龄罗曼褐父母代种鸡,分为3个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复54只种鸡。采用玉米-豆粕-杂粕型基础饲粮,正对照组含总磷0.55%,非植酸磷0.40%,不加酶;负对照组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,不加酶;试验组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,加酶制剂。试验期18周。结果表明:在低非植酸磷的日粮中添加复合酶,粪便中磷含量极显著低于正对照组(P<0.01);粪便中粗蛋白质含量显著低于正对照组和负对照组(P<0.05);显著改善蛋黃顔色(P<0.05);不影响生产性能、骨骼发育和蛋壳质量。添加200 g/t复合酶替代罗曼褐蛋用种鸡日粮中75%的磷酸氢钙能够降低饲料成本,提高养殖企业的经济效益,对罗曼褐蛋用种鸡生产性能无不利影响。     

MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway mediates alcohol-induced angiogenesis in breast cancer

AIM To investigate the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and its receptor CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in ethanol-promoted breast cancer angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism. METH?ODS: A mouse model of transplanted breast tumor with moderate alcohol consumption was established. The correlations between the expression of MCP-1/CCR2 and the expression of angiogenesis markers [platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] in tumor tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, a 3D tumor-endothelial co-culture system was established to observe tumor angiogenesis and the role of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway in alcohol-mediated angiogenesis. The cell migration ability was detected to clarify whether MCP-1/CCR2 enhanced cell mobility to form new vessels. RESULTS MCP-1 and CCR2 were both highly expressed in the breast tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice consuming alcohol, and their expression levels were consistent with the angiogenic markers PECAM-1 and VEGF (P<0.05). The interaction between mouse breast cancer E0771 cells and endothelial cells was observed to promote angiogenesis in the 3D tumor-endothelial co-culture system with or without alcohol stimulation. MCP-1 promoted this kind of tumor angiogenesis, while CCR2 antagonist effectively inhibited the tumor angiogenesis and especially blocked alcohol-induced angiogenesis. Activation of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway enhanced the migration ability of endothelial cells. CONCLUSION The MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway plays an important role in promoting the angiogenesis of breast cancer stimulated by alcohol. The mechanism might be that MCP-1 improves the migration of endothelial cells and then promotes angiogenesis.     

大粒板栗新品种‘秦栗2号’

（西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌 712100）     

华南型黄瓜新品种优胜的选育

优胜是以自交系H16-5-4-1为母本,H9-3-2-7为父本配制而成的杂交一代黄瓜新品种。植株生长势强,以主蔓结瓜为主;瓜条棒形,瓜长16 cm,瓜皮油绿,皮薄肉厚;口味清香,口感甜脆,品质佳;抗逆性强,适应性广,适合全国各地区春秋露地及保护地种植。