紫龙角愈伤组织诱导与植株再生的研究

以紫龙角的不同器官为试材,研究不同植物生长调节剂浓度及组合、培养基、光照、外植体等因素对其愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响。结果表明:愈伤组织诱导的最佳外植体是不带腋芽茎块,在麦基1号+CH+6-BA 1.0～1.8mg/L+2,4-D 0.5～2.0mg/L的培养基上,暗培养6d时诱导率高达90%以上;质地紧密,有一定疏松度,是建立细胞无性系的优良材料。带腋芽茎块是直接诱导丛生芽的理想外植体,H+TDZ 4mg/L+NAA 0.4mg/L培养基适合丛生芽生长、增殖诱导率达到91%。复壮增殖不定芽的培养基为改良的H+TDZ 4mg/L+NAA 0.4mg/L;1/2MS+NAA 2.5mg/L是最佳生根培养基,每个不定芽平均有效根数最高为6.17个。     

芋优异种质资源鉴定评价研究

对农业行业标准《农作物种质资源鉴定评价规范芋》编制的技术路线进行了分析研究,以期为芋优异种质资源的鉴定评价提供参考。     

无子沙糖橘(十月橘)的选育

采用芽变选种的方法,在四会市石狗镇选出了无子柑橘新品种—无子沙糖橘(十月橘)。果略小,单果重平均40g左右,单果平均种子数0.5粒以内,达到柑橘无子的标准。果实扁平,皮橘红色,薄而脆;果肉橙黄色,味清甜,可溶性固形物13%以上,肉质爽脆化渣,品质上等。早结丰产性好,发梢能力强,3月上中旬开花,12月上旬果实开始成熟。     

Relationship between Th1/Th2 balance and CD28/CTLA-4 expression on peripheral blood T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM: To investigate the pattern of Th1/Th2 balance in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients and the relationship between CD28/CTLA-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4) molecule expression and Th1/Th2 balance.METHODS: Eighteen SLE patients met the ARA 1997 updated SLE criteria were selected in the study. According to Bombardier's SLEDAI criteria, all patients were classified into two groups: active group(12 cases) and static group(6 cases). Fourteen normal individuals, matched for age and sex of the patients, served as controls. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in RPMI-1640 culture medium. After treated with PMA(5 μg/L) and ionomycin(500 μg/L) for 72 h, the PBMCs were collected, the contents of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured PBMCs were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of CD28 and CTLA-4 molecules on T cells were detected by flow cytometric technique with double staining by FITC or PE labeled monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The level of IL-10 was higher in the PBMCs of active and static SLE patients(351.29 ng/L±153.31 ng/L and 319.37 ng/L±153.39 ng/L) than that in controls(254.48 ng/L±120.69 ng/L), but the difference did not reach statistical significance(P>0.05). The level of IFN-γ was significantly lower in the PBMCs of active SLE patients(25.76 ng/L±16.09 ng/L) than that in controls(50.71 ng/L±27.92 ng/L, P＜0.05). The ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ was significantly higher in active SLE patients(18.74±13.77) than that in controls(6.66±4.95, P<0.05). Either before or after culture, the expression of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺and CD8⁺ T cells from all SLE patients was not remarkably different from that in the cells of controls. Before culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺T cells of active SLE patients(0.79%+0.37%) was significantly lower than that in the cells of controls(1.31%+0.61%, P<0.05). After culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺ T cells of SLE patients was still lower than that in the cells of normal controls without statistical significance(P＞0.05).The expression level of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells in active SLE patients and controls was not correlated with the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatants(P＞0.05). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ T cells of active SLE patients was positively correlated with IFN-γ level(r=0.681, P<0.05), while was negatively correlated with IL-10 levels(r=-0.624,P＜0.05) and the ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ(r=-0.738, P<0.01). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells of controls showed no correlation with IFN-γ levels, while showed negative correlations with IL-10 level(r=-0.587, P<0.05; r=-0.563, P<0.05, respectively).CONCLUSION: There is a bias in the differentiation of Th0 cells towards Th2 in SLE patients. CTLA-4 probably plays an important role in this mechanism through suppressing the signal transmitted by CD28.     

Increased expression of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM:To investigate expression and function of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).METHODS:Expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with SLE and control were examined by flow cytometric analysis before and after stimulated by phytohemagglutinin(PHA)and depressed by Dexamethasone(Dex). The correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLE activity index(SLEDAI) was analysed in patients with SLE.RESULTS:The expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with active SLE was higher than that in patients with inactive SLE and control. Though the expression of CD40 ligang by PBMCs could be stimulated by PHA in three groups, it was the highest in patients with active SLE. Dex depressed the expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs significantly in patients with SLE, but not in control. There was high positive correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLEDAI in patients with active and inactive SLE.CONCLUSION:Increased expression of CD40L by PBMCs in patients with SLE may play an important role in pathogenesis of SLE.     

‘砀山酥梨’褐皮芽变木质素含量及相关酶活性与CCoAOMT 表达量分析

 为了探讨‘砀山酥梨’芽变品系‘锈酥’果皮褐色形成机理,采用分光光度法测定盛花后25、50、75、100、125、150和175 d果皮中木质素含量和相关酶活性变化;从构建的‘锈酥’正向SSH-cDNA文库中筛选出与木质素生物合成密切相关的CCoAOMT-EST,通过实时荧光定量PCR测定了‘砀山酥梨’和‘锈酥’果皮中CCoAOMT的相对表达量。结果表明：‘锈酥’果皮发育前期木质素增量较大,且木质素增量累计比‘砀山酥梨’高12.2%;‘砀山酥梨’和‘锈酥’果皮中PAL、4CL、CAD酶活性均在花后75 d达到最大值,而POD酶活性则在花后125 d出现高峰;二者果皮中4种酶活性变化趋势基本一致,但‘锈酥’果皮中均相对较高;‘锈酥’果皮中的PAL和4CL酶活性与木质素增量变化均呈显著正相关,而‘砀山酥梨’则未呈现出此规律;在果实生长发育各个时期,‘锈酥’果皮中CCoAOMT相对表达量均高于‘砀山酥梨’。因此推测,‘锈酥’果皮褐色形成与果皮中木质素积累及相关酶活性提高有关,果皮中CCoAOMT的增量表达是‘锈酥’果实褐皮形成的重要原因之一。     

近40年来托木尔峰南部地区气候及水文环境变化特征

西天山托木尔峰南部地区1987年以来出现了气候由暖干向暖湿转变趋势,在温度大幅上升的基础上,降水量和冰川融水量持续增加,相应的水文与生态环境也发生了显著的改善。本文在综合分析区域内水文、气象观测资料的基础上,对托木尔峰南部地区近40年来气温、降水以及径流量变化的基本趋势、不同海拔高度气温、降水变化差异,以及同一流域山区和平原区径流量变化的差异进行了深入分析。研究表明,受水汽输送途径和研究区地形地貌的影响,区域降水主要集中在托木尔峰南部山区;气候转型的原因是和北大西洋向东输送的水汽增加、西风气流加强有关;海拔2000m左右区域1987年以来气候向暖湿转化最为明显;近40年来由于气温升高,导致冰川消融补给河流量增加15%,但由于人类活动和粗放农业的发展,区域耗水量不断增加,导致塔里木河径流量不断减少,中下游生态环境急剧恶化。     

1980-2007年喜马拉雅东段洛扎地区冰川和冰湖变化研究

利用1980年地形图、1988/1990年Landsat TM、2000年Landsat ETM＋、2007年ALOS AVNIR-2遥感资料和近41年（1967-2007年）的气温、降水量资料对喜马拉雅东段洛扎地区的冰川、冰湖变化特征及变化原因进行了研究。结果表明：1）1980-2007年,本区冰川面积从491.64...     

我国籽瓜的开发现状与研究进展

籽瓜是新疆重要的经济作物之一,在农业产业结构调整中占有重要地位。提高籽瓜的综合利用率,降低生产成本,提高附加值和经济效益,利用果肉和皮等废弃物开发籽瓜系列产品具有十分广阔的市场前景。该研究主要阐述了籽瓜产品的开发研究现状以及发展前景,以期为进一步深入研究籽瓜系列产品和加速其商品化进程奠定理论基础。     

3种保藏方法对66种大型真菌活力影响

对斜面低温保藏法、胶塞封口保藏法和石蜡油保藏法在180 d里保藏50种野生大型真菌和16种栽培食用菌的效果进行评价,期间每隔45 d对菌丝活力进行检测。结果表明:胶塞封口保藏法对大部分保藏菌株的保藏效果都比较好,只有脐顶小皮伞保藏效果比较差。斜面低温保藏法比较适合短期1～2个月保藏菌株。石蜡油保藏法对菌丝活力有较大影响,但适合长时间保藏菌株。