TDZ,基本培养基和光质对银中杨(Populus alba×P. berolinensis)无菌苗茎段离体再生的影响(英文)

为了建立高效的银中杨(Populus alba×P. berolinensis)茎段组织培养再生系统,研究了TDZ,基本培养基和光质对银中杨茎段不定芽再生的影响。附加0.02-mg·L-1NAA的MS培养基分别添加0.1,0.3,0.5和1.0mg·L-1TDZ来研究不同的TDZ浓度对银中杨不定芽分化的影响。采用MS,WPM和B5培养基来研究不同的基本培养基对三年生银中杨树苗茎段不定芽分化的影响。利用绿光,红光,蓝光,黄光和正常光来研究不同的光质对茎段不定芽分化的影响。结果表明,TDZ的浓度对不定芽分化有重要影响,较低浓度的TDZ有利于不定芽分化。较高浓度的TDZ(>0.1mg·L-1)抑制了不定芽的分化。在不同的培养基中,MS培养基最有利于不定芽分化,其次是WPM培养基,而B5培养基对不定芽分化有抑制作用。与其它光质条件相比,正常光和黄光有利于银中杨茎段不定芽的分化。     

稻种资源低温贮藏生活力跟踪监测与种质更新（英文）

53 rice germplasm resources warehoused during 1981-1984 were regarded as materials to monitor the viability at warehouse time and different years after warehoused.The results showed that seed germination rates of different rice germplasm resources assumed descending trend in storage,with annual decreasing rate between 0.12%-3.05%;the seed germination rates of most cultivars were above 75% after stored for 26 years;forecasting analysis based on the germination rate of 75% as reference showed a huge difference of safe storage life for different rice germplasm resources,ranging from 12 to 50 years,even longer time.The results suggest that track monitoring on viability and regeneration of rice cultivars is of great importance for germplasm resources conservation.     

黑龙江省农垦总局2007年农机化工作总结及2008年工作思路摘要

1 2007年农机化工作总结 1.1 农业机械化发展步伐不断加快 到2007年底,垦区农机田间作业综合机械化率达94%,比上年提高了0.7个百分点,其中旱田仍保持95%;水田达92%,比2006年提高了2个百分点,完成了年初制定的工作发展目标.此外,畜牧和经特作物生产机械化也有了较大的发展.还从国外引进了甜菜、马铃薯、芸豆和其它杂粮等经特作物种植和收获机械103台.     

中国实验小型猪朊蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

根据已发表的猪朊蛋白基因（PRNP）序列设计特异性引物，进行PCR直接扩增，得到了中国实验小型猪（CEMP）的朊蛋白基因（PRNP），将其克隆到pGEM-TEasy载体中。序列分析表明上述CEMP的PRNP基因ORF区全长为774bp，编码257个氨基酸的前体蛋白，分子质量约为28．3ku，其PRNP序列与已发表的猪PRNP序列（L07623）差异微小，仅在第4位氨基酸残基处有变异（Ser→Asn）；绘制CEMP与其他15种属动物朊蛋白的氨基酸序列进化树发现，CEMP与多种哺乳动物朊蛋白的氨基酸序列遗传距离比较接近，与水貂最近。而与禽类朊蛋白氨基酸的遗传距离较远。     

Insecticidal Activities of Extracts from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Callus

[Objective] The research aimed to lay a foundation for the screening of cell lines producing secondary metabolites of Brucea javanica(L.)Merr.[Method] The insecticidal activities of the extracts from branch and 3 different types of calluses of Brucea javanica(L.)Merr.was detected through methods of leaf disc and potted seedlings against the diamond back moth.[Result] Extracts from four kinds of Brucea javanica(L.)Merr.tissues assumed both the activities of antifeedant and oviposition deterrency against the diamond back moth.Antifeedant effect of extracts was in turn the callus C< callus B< callus A< branches.Oviposition deterrency activity of the extracts was in turn the callus A> branch > callus B>callus C.The insecticidal activities of callus A and B were higher than that of the callus C.[Conclusion] The results show that insecticidal activity of callus and its growth rate is inversely proportional.     

过渡地区冷暖季型混播草坪种群生物量动态与草坪质量研究初报Ⅱ.混播草坪的质量评价及优化混播组合筛选

以暖季型草坪草狗牙根和冷季型草坪草草地早熟禾为材料，用二因素二次正交旋转组合设计，对9个不同混播比例草坪质量进行了综合评价，并在此基础上建立了草坪质量与狗牙根播种量、草地早熟禾播种量之间显著相关的数学模型。通过模拟寻优，得出优化混播方案为狗牙根播种量1.6234～3.1544g/m     

基于意愿价值评估法的三门湾资源环境非使用价值研究

通过问卷调查和意愿价值评估法,对三门湾资源环境的非使用价值进行研究。调查问卷分三门湾环境现状、三门湾环境保护和调访者基本情况3大部分,随机选取沿岸居民、企业员工、政府官员、学校教师等,发放调查问卷300份,有效回收294份。结果显示,三门湾资源环境个人平均支付意愿(WTP)为89.25元/(人.年)。以2006年当地人口统计数为总体进行估算,三门湾资源环境非使用价值为4 632.36万元/年,其中存在价值为2 501.47万元/年,遗产价值为1 389.7万元/年,选择价值为741.19万元/年。支付意愿影响因素分析表明,支付意愿与居民受教育程度、收入呈正相关;与年龄呈负相关(P<0.05)。意愿支付率与意愿支付额的影响因素不同,意愿支付率与当地经济收入组成有关,研究中象山县为最高,意愿支付额则更与当地经济发展水平密切相关,宁海县在本研究中为最高。     

牡丹和芍药雄蕊筒状花瓣的形态解剖特征及形成

对牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)、紫斑牡丹(P.rockii)、大花黄牡丹(P.ludlowii)、四川牡丹(P.decomposita)、杨山牡丹(P.ostii)、卵叶牡丹(P.qiui)、滇牡丹(P.delavayi)和芍药(P.lacti- flora)等8个分类群中雄蕊瓣化瓣的形态特征进行了观察,并对仅出现在牡丹、紫斑牡丹和芍药花中的雄蕊筒状花瓣进行了统计分析和形态解剖学研究。结果表明:(1)在牡丹和紫斑牡丹中雄蕊筒状花瓣出现的频率低,且形态单一;而在芍药中其出现频率较高,且形态多样。(2)在解剖结构方面,雄蕊筒状花瓣从基部到顶部存在一系列的转化,与牡丹和紫斑牡丹相比,芍药中筒状花瓣的解剖结构更具多样性。(3)维管束边缘分生组织的不断分化和维管束数量的不断增多,在雄蕊原基转向雄蕊简状花瓣的发育中起到关键作用。(4)雄蕊筒状花瓣的发育过程可分为原基分化、转化发育、筒状花瓣形成和筒状花瓣成熟4个阶段。     

旱稻(Oryza sativa L.)×长芒稗(Echinochloa caudata)远缘杂交初步研究

以早稻(Upland rice)“旱稻65(Oryza sativa L.)”为母本,“长芒稗(Echinochloa caudata)”为父本进行远缘杂交,对杂种后代连续3年田间试验表明:F_0代高度杂交不孕,去雄约800朵小花田间多次重复授粉结果,结实率仅为1.21‰。F_1代杂种优势明显,育性正常,结实率92.26％,不存在后代不育现象。F_2代在芒性、株高、穗长、一级技梗数、穗粒数及生育期等性状上分离严重,但育性无分离,405株群体无不育株出现。目前已选育出生育期较母本早5d的大穗、多粒变异单株F_2-1。该单株在稀植条件下,一级枝梗数11.5个,穗粒数112粒,穗结实粒数104粒,千粒重27.5g,单株生产力10.73g,超亲优势为55.64％。     

Responses of Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) Grown in Mudflats to Sewage Sludge Amendment

Sewage sludge amendment(SSA)is an alternative waste disposal technique and a potential way to increase fertility of mudflats for crop growth.The present study aimed to assess the suitability of SSA by assessing the nitrogen(N)and phosphorous(P)uptakes,heavy metal accumulation,growth,biomass,and yield response of ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)at 0,30,75,150,and 300 t ha-1 SSA rates at various growth stages.The results showed that the highest biomass of ryegrass at seedling and vegetative stages were at 300 and 150 t ha-1 SSA rate,respectively.The increments of ryegrass yield at reproductive stage at 30,75,150,and 300 t ha-1 SSA rates were 98.0,122.6,88.1,and 61.2%,compared to unamended soil.N and P concentrations in ryegrass increased with increasing SSA rates at all stages except N and P in roots dropped significantly at 300 t ha-1 rate at vegetative stage.The metal concentration for Mn,Cu,Zn,Ni,Cd,Cr,and Pb in shoot of ryegrass at300 t ha-1 SSA rate increased by 0.63-,2.34-,15.02-,0.97-,10.00-,0.01-and 1.13-fold,respectively,compared to unamended soil.However,heavy metal concentrations in shoot of ryegrass were lower than the standard for forage products in China.The study suggested that sewage sludge amendment in mudfl at soils might be feasible.However,the impacts of sludge application on edible crop plants and soil environment need further investigations.