Type-I hypersensitivity as a component of eosinophilic myositis (muscular sarcocystosis) in cattle

Eight bovine hearts with lesions of eosinophilic myositis (EM) and 2 bovine hearts without EM lesions were collected at slaughter. Blood samples from these 10 hearts, and the heart of a newborn calf also were collected. Histologically, Sarcocystis cruzi was identified in the 8 hearts with EM lesions and the 2 hearts without EM lesions, but not in the heart of the newborn calf. Serum was harvested from the 10 blood samples and was used in homologous, modified, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis tests. Antigen was prepared from S cruzi bradyzoites isolated from the 2 hearts without EM lesions. Serum samples from the 8 cattle with EM lesions reacted positively to S cruzi antigen. When heat-inactivated IgE in serum (56 C for 4 hours) was used, all passive cutaneous anaphylaxis responses were considered negative. Using ELISA, serum IgE concentrations from the 10 cattle with and without EM lesions were 2.2 to 9 U/ml. As determined by radial immunodiffusion, IgM concentrations were 80 to 215 mg/dl. Immunoglobulin G concentrations were 420 to 2,050 mg/dl, but most were less than or equal to 1,700 mg/dl. Immunoglobulin A concentrations were 0 to 62 mg/dl; 1 steer with EM lesions had 0 mg/dl. Double-gel immunodiffusion confirmed the presence of Sarcocystis-specific precipitating antibodies. Sera from the 10 cattle with and without EM lesions formed at least 1 precipitin band.     

Effects of abiotic variables on the response of carnation cultivars to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi

The effects of abiotic variables on the response of carnation cultivars to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi ( F.o. dianthi  ) were examined in experiments conducted under semi-controlled environments. The abiotic variables examined were solar radiation intensity, temperature and growth substrate. Temperature was not controlled, but differed markedly among experiments, thus, its effect was not determined quantitatively. Disease incidence and disease severity varied significantly among the experiments (due mainly to differences in temperature), among the solar radiation treatments and among the cultivars tested. The three-way interaction term (i.e. cultivar × shade treatment × experiment) was highly significant ( P  < 0.001) when both disease incidence and disease severity were considered, indicating that no single variable was predominant in determining disease intensity. The effects of the growth substrate on disease progress was examined in plants grown in tuff or in tuff mixed with peat (1 : 1 and 1 : 3) substrates. The growth substrate had a potent effect on disease development in the less susceptible cultivars. Severe epidemics developed in all cultivars when they were grown in the tuff/peat mixture, although some were resistant when grown in tuff alone. These results led to the conclusion that the carnation response to F.o. dianthi is substantially influenced by the environmental conditions of the test.     

原发性肾病综合征患者血、尿γ-干扰素的检测及其临床意义

目的：为进一步阐明γ—干扰素(IFN—γ)在原发性肾病综合征(PNS)发生发展中的作用及检测IFN—γ的临床诊断价值。方法：对32例PNS患者及10例正常人血清、尿液IFN—γ的水平进行检测，并结合PNS病理类型及其他临床指标进行分析。结果：系膜增生性肾炎(MesPGN)患者尿IFN—γ水平显著高于正常对照组，而非增生性肾炎组却与对照组差异无显著性；其次，尿IFN—γ水平与尿纤维蛋白(原)降解产物(FDP)浓度呈正相关；但与血肌酐(Ser)、血清肌酐清除率(Ccr)、24h尿蛋白定量(24hUPQ)无相关性。血清IFN—γ水平各组问差别无统计学意义。结论：IFN—γ参与增生型PNS免疫性肾损伤过程，并可能通过局部方式起作用，尿IFN—γ检测有可能作为区分增生性肾炎和非增生性肾炎的指标。     

The effects of stubble burning and tillage on soil carbon sequestration and crop productivity in southeastern Australia

Abstract. In Australia, stubble burning and tillage are two of the major processes responsible for the decline of soil organic carbon concentration in cropped soils, and the resulting soil degradation. However, the relative importance of these two practices in influencing the soil organic carbon concentration and the long-term impact on soil quality and productivity are not clear. The effects of stubble burning as practised by farmers in southeastern Australia were evaluated in two field trials, one of 19 years duration, the other of 5 years. Conventional tillage (three tillage passes) led to greater loss of soil organic carbon than stubble burning. Loss of total soil organic carbon attributed to stubble burning in the 0–10 cm layer was estimated to be 1.75 t C ha⁻¹ over the period of the 19-year trial, equivalent to 29% of that lost due to tillage. In the 5-year trial, no change in soil organic carbon due to stubble burning was detectable. Changes in soil quality associated with stubble burning detected in the longer trial included a reduction in macro-aggregate stability, and increases in pH and exchangeable K⁺. Only the latter two were detected in the shorter trial. A higher mean wheat yield (average 0.15 t ha⁻¹) following stubble burning was observed in the 19-year trial but not in the 5-year trial. Research to monitor the longer term effects of stubble burning is needed, and to identify conditions where loss of soil organic carbon is minimized.     

贵州省退耕还林与农村经济发展研究

通过对贵州省贞丰、桐梓、锦屏等若干县市林业生态建设监理、检查、造林实绩核查等工作的实践和研究，认为退耕还林工程与农村经济发展相结合，目前应加强以下工作：选择林业主导产业；林产业时间、空间的合理布局；树种、林种的结构优化；林业体制创新；实施相关配套工程。     

西北少数民族地区教育立法初探

西北少数民族地区由于经济和社会发展的滞后,教育普遍比较落后,西部大开发,需要从教育立法的高度来促进西北少数民族地区教育的发展,从而发挥教育在少数民族地区发展中的作用。     

牦牛不同年龄段的屠宰测定

通过对天然放牧条件下0.5～5.5岁各个年龄段牦牛的屠宰测定,得到最好的屠宰指标为:2.5岁时屠宰率为59.14%;3.5岁时净肉率为41.5%,胴体产肉率为76.35%,骨肉比为1∶3.77。     

肉兔双列杂交遗传效应的分析

本试验采用了５品种完全双列杂交，用Ｈａｖｅｙ程序对德国花巨兔（Ｇ）、比利时兔（Ｂ）、新西兰白兔（Ｎ）、加利福尼亚兔（Ｃ）、丹麦白兔（Ｄ）的主要生产性能进行了遗传效应分析。首次采用加性——显性模型分析了优势杂交组合优势性状的基因效应值与杂种优势率的关系，对杂种优势机理作了一定探讨。结果表明：最佳杂交父本、母本分别为Ｇ（♂）或Ｎ（♂）、Ｎ（♀）；最优杂交组合为ＧＢ、ＮＧ。此外，ＧＮ、ＤＮ、ＧＣ、ＢＣ也不失为优秀组合