影响松毛虫赤眼蜂种群消长因子研究

１９８６－１９９０年的研究得知：松毛虫赤眼蜂在浙江于３月下旬开始活动，１０月上旬至１１月陆续以蛹在马尾松毛虫、云南松毛虫等虫卵中越冬在林中常年都可见到该蜂的活动，其种群数量出现的高峰期与松毛虫卵期相一致，林中昆虫卵的多少、蜜源植物的有无、温度的高低、是影响松毛虫赤眼蜂林间种群消长的主要因子。     

中国竹文化及竹文化旅游研究的现状和展望

竹子对中国历史文化、文学艺术、绘画艺术、工艺美术、园林艺术和音乐文化、宗教文化、民俗文化等产生了巨大影响。系统深入研究竹文化对促进精神文明的发展、发扬光大中华民族优良传统、发展特色旅游产业等都具有重要意义。通过对中国竹文化现状的研究，即从文明发展、哲学、专业、生产和艺术等不同角度研究了竹文化的理论和成果，提出和探讨了我国竹文化研究应重视少民族竹文化的发掘种保护、与发展特色旅游产业相结合、开展典型竹文化区研究和区域性竹文化旅游发展规划等问题，包括东亚（中国江南）“毛竹文化”区、东南亚（中国云南）“少数民族竹文化”区、喜马拉雅“高山竹文化”区和拉丁美洲“瓜多竹文化”区。     

粤西乐昌含笑种源试验分析*

以大坑山林场乐昌含笑种源试验林7年生观测数据作遗传变异分析,表型变异分析结果表明树高、胸径、材积、树干通直度、叶片大小、树冠浓密度和冠幅等7个性状种源间都存在较大的差异;方差分析结果表明大部分性状种源间差异达极显著或显著水平;遗传参数估计结果表明生长性状的种源遗传力处于中等偏下水平,形质性状处于中等水平,材积的遗传变异系数最大;根据多重比较结果,以材积为选择目标,选出6个速生种源,增益介于11.1%～35.1%之间。粤西乐昌含笑优良种源主要集中在广东和江西交界的多个县市。     

China's role in the global forest sector: how will the US recovery and a diminished Chinese demand influence global wood markets?

Over the last decade, while the size of China's economy more than doubled, China has simultaneously become a major producer and exporter of forest products. Although China's domestic supply of wood is significantly constrained both by a limited natural supply and by conservation-oriented policies, the country is increasingly regarded as the world's “wood workshop.” Furthermore, China is the largest driver of demand for the trade in tropical logs and is becoming a significant driver of demand for trade in coniferous logs. In this paper, we describe a spatial equilibrium model adapted to study forest sector markets and policies that affect them. We present the model and the result of two alternative future scenarios. The first scenario analyzes the impact on global forest products markets of a US recovery in wood markets. The second scenario examines the effect on global forest products markets of decelerating growth in Chinese demand for wood products. Through these two scenarios, the modeling output sheds light on the role China's wood products markets have on resource supply and trade around the world. The trade model shows substantial potential changes in global prices, production, and trade activity associated with the recovery in domestic demand in the USA.     

Plant diversity of secondary forests in response to anthropogenic disturbance levels in montane regions of northeastern China

The effects of anthropogenic disturbances on forest structure and plant diversity of secondary forest ecosystems were evaluated based on the classification by site factors in the montane regions of northeastern China. Forty-five sample plots containing 720 sub-plots of overstory species (8 m × 8 m), 1,440 quadrats of understory species (2 m × 2 m), and 1,440 quadrats of herbaceous layer species (1 m × 1 m) were clustered into five groups (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5) by site variables with Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. Meanwhile, the disturbance levels corresponding to the five groups were determined according to the factors influencing human disturbances (D0-G2, D1-G1, D2-G3, D3-G5, and D4-G4). Species diversities of overstory, understory, herbaceous layer and overall species were evaluated using species number, Margalef index, Pielou index, Shannon–Wiener index, and Simpson index; and β-diversities (Whittaker index, Cody index). Basal area of stands exhibited a decreasing trend along the disturbance level due to a gradual increase in the extraction of timber by the human disturbances. The indices of species diversity suggested that overstory and understory species were distributed evenly among the groups or disturbance levels. There were no absolutely dominant tree species in the secondary forest ecosystems. The differences in site factors and the current disturbance intensities were not intense enough to lead to loose changes in overstory and understory species. The species diversity indices exhibited the maximum values at D3 (G5) for herbaceous layer species; this may suggest that the current disturbance intensities were intense enough to lead the changes of herbaceous layer species. Three rare and endangered species (Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica and Acanthopanax senticosus) were found within the secondary forests. These rare and endangered species appeared in each clustered group or disturbance level, which suggested that the current disturbance intensity in the study area was not strong enough to influence the distribution of rare and endangered species. The current disturbances in the secondary forests may not lead to a decrease in stability and complexity of the overstory and understory species, but the higher disturbance level may be intense enough to change the habitat fitness for the herbaceous species. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized authors.     

Locating and identifying sound knots and dead knots on sugi by the rule-based color vision system

Knowledge of the occurrence of sound and dead knots on the surface of sugi is important for the classification and application of the material. This study examined a color vision system for detecting sound and dead knots on sugi. The system can be conceptually divided into three components: a CCD-camera scanning system, an image-segmenting module, and a rule-based defect identifying module. The results showed that the potential defect regions could be located by Otsus threshold algorithm in conjunction with t-test analysis. The accuracies of locating sound knots and dead knots were 92.6% and 97.1%, respectively. The rule-based approach was used to identify sound and dead knots and the identifying accuracies for sound knots and dead knots were 92.0% and 94.1%, respectively. The overall detection accuracy of the system was 87.6%. The results indicated that the rule-based color vision system is an efficient means of detecting sound knots and dead knots on sugi.     

干旱条件下叶黄素循环抑制剂对欧李光合指标的影响

研究在干旱胁迫下外施两种抑制剂对欧李光合作用,叶绿素荧光以及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明:外施二硫苏糖醇(DTT)和葡糖胺(Gla)使叶黄素循环受阻,光合作用下降,气孔导度降低,不能正常耗散光能,光合器官受损伤,且Gla的抑制程度高于DTT。随着处理时间的延长,植株正常的热耗散不能顺利进行,非光化学淬灭系数NPQ降低。最大光化学效率Fv/Fm降低,过剩的光能对植物体形成光抑制作用,且DTT的抑制作用高于Gla。外施抑制剂促进叶绿素的增加。本文利用抑制剂策略,为进一步探究逆境胁迫下欧李叶黄素循环的响应提供基础理论。     

湖北襄阳市对冷冻动物产品的监管办法

通过分析湖北襄阳市实行的驻场官方兽医、冷库开办方、冷冻产品经营户三级冷冻动物产品监管模式,发现实践中存在缺乏统一性和可追溯性问题,提出了健全规章和追溯体系、统一规范标准的建议。     

山东省外观健康羊群中检出羊边界病病毒

2014年从山东省外观健康的牛羊采集鼻拭子样品共707份,提取其RNA,用流感病毒特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测。对RT-PCR扩增的阳性产物进行序列测定,意外发现其中1份羊拭子样品含有羊边界病病毒,并且该结果得到其他试验验证。结合我国2012年首次在安徽和江苏两地检出该病毒,以及当前我国羊群流通情况,推测该病毒可能在我国有所存在。该调研结果对分析各类RT-PCR检测的假阳性产生原因,有参考意义。并提示RT-PCR检测结果难以作为疫病或感染病诊断的确切依据。其诊断结果有时需要用荧光探针或测序进行进一步鉴定。     

北京市东城区动物产品经营环节监管调查

为探索解决由流通引发动物疫情这一卫生监督工作难点,北京市东城区动物卫生监督所以动物产品经营单位为研究对象,采取随机区组设计,对动物产品经营环节中的动物卫生监督难点进行调查,发现了动物经营环节中存在的一些风险点,并提出了解决问题的建议。