Influence of inflammation on serum concentration, molecular heterogeneity and drug binding properties of canine alpha–1–acid glycoprotein

The concentration and the heterogeneity of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (alpha-1-AGP) and oxprenolol binding were determined in serum of healthy dogs and dogs with inflammatory disease. In inflammation, an increase in the mean alpha-1-AGP concentration from 0.47 to 2.85 g/l was accompanied by a reduction in the mean free oxprenolol fraction from 25% to 6%. alpha-1-AGP concentration and oxprenolol binding were inversely correlated. The heterogeneity of canine alpha-1-AGP remained essentially unchanged in dogs with inflammation and, in both these dogs and the controls, between five and seven forms with different isoelectric points and one single concanavalin A-reactive form were detected. It is concluded that in dogs, as in humans, oxprenolol binds to serum alpha-1-AGP. Changes in serum binding of oxprenolol during inflammation result from a change in the serum concentration of alpha-1-AGP rather than a change of molecular heterogeneity.     

Einfluss von Pflanzenschutzmitteln einer Zuckerrüben-Spritzfolge auf biologische Aktivitäten und auf den Abbau von Chloridazon im Boden. II. Gefäss-und Laborversuche

Effect of carious pesticides of a sugar-fact spray programme on biological activities and chloridazon degradation in soil. II Pot trials and laboratory experiments In pot trials and laboratory experiments degradation and plant availability of Chloridazon (Pyramin) in soil, applied alone and in combination with other pesticides of a sugar-beet spray programme were investigated and also the influence of these treatments on soil dehydrogenusc activity and straw decomposition. After an initial lag-period chloridazon degradation was rapid, and obviously was unaffected by plant growth and other pesticides. The average lime for 50% decrease of the initial concentration was 10 days. The water-extractable portion of chloridazon in soil was not affected by the presence of other pesticides and was about 43% 1 week after application and decreased to 0% during the following week. Pyramin alone did not influence straw decomposition, and the spray programme was slightly stimulatory. In pot trials with and without plains, dehydrogenase activity was not significantly inhibited by Pyramin, whereas with the spray programme and bare soil, slightly reduced enzyme activities were observed. Under laboratory conditions the spray programme was more inhibitory than Pyramin alone. There was no correlation between biological soil activities and chloridazon degradation.     

Comparison of the effects of etomidate and its fluoro analogue, R 8110, on plasma Cortisol, 11β-deoxycortisol, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone concentrations in dogs

R 8110, an imidazole derivative, was shown to be clinically superior to etomidate for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in dogs. The present study compared the effects of intravenous (i.v.) R 8110, etomidate and Ringer solution on cortisol biosynthesis by the adrenal gland in seven male labradors. A tetracosactide challenge was carried out 30 min after the i.v. injection of 3 mg/kg of both drugs and after i.v. Ringer solution (1 ml/kg). Etomidate and R 8110 both suppressed the cortisol response to tetracosactide almost completely and increased the plasma 11 beta-deoxycortisol levels more than 20 fold. Maximal 11 beta-deoxycortisol values were reached 120 min after R 8110, and not less than 300 min after etomidate. Plasma 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone concentrations did not differ between placebo and R 8110 treatment, but they decreased after etomidate. These results indicate that the effects of R 8110 on steroid biosynthesis in dogs are less pronounced than those of etomidate and are largely limited to a temporary inhibition of the 11 beta-hydroxylase in the adrenal gland.     

Disseminated Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in a cow

A cow with chronic diarrhea and weight loss caused by localization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in the intestinal tract (Johne's disease) had gross and microscopic changes indicative of a disseminated infection. A direct association between the remote lesions and the intestinal infection was shown by isolation of M paratuberculosis from renal tissue, detection of intracellular M paratuberculosis antigen(s), using an indirect immunoperoxidase method, and by the characteristic granulomatous nature of the lesions. This case illustrates the potential for extra-intestinal lesions in M paratuberculosis infection of cattle and should cause veterinarians to consider mycobacterial disease when confronted with multinodular lesions of the bovine kidney. The immunoperoxidase method was useful in determining the cause of the inflammatory lesion in which intact organisms were not evident.     

An evaluation of barley in starter diets for swine

Four growth trials and one digestibility trial were conducted to determine the effects of substituting barley for grain sorghum in weanling pig diets on pig performance and nutrient digestibility. Experiments 1 and 2 were 35-d growth trials in which barley was substituted for gain sorghum at levels of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the diet. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion (F/G) were not affected by dietary barley level (P greater than .50). Experiment 3 was a digestibility trial conducted to determine the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DMD), gross energy (GED), and N (ND) and percentage of N retained (%NRT) of pigs fed the 0, 20 and 40% barley diets. As dietary barley level increased, DMD and GED decreased linearly (P less than .05), whereas %NRT increased linearly (P less than .10). Apparent N digestibility was not affected by dietary treatment (P greater than .12). Experiments 4 and 5 were 35-d growth trials with treatments arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial design to determine the effects of barley particle size (fine, 635 microns or medium, 768 microns) and dried whey level (0, 10 or 20%) on pig performance. Average daily gain and ADFI increased linearly (P less than .01) as whey level increased. Pigs fed diets containing fine-ground barley grew faster and were more efficient (P less than .05) than those fed medium-ground barley diets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Dorsal Approach to the Caudal Pelvic Canal and Rectum Effect on Normal Dogs

A dorsal surgical approach to the perineal area and rectum was made on 10 healthy, adult dogs. The rectococcygeal muscle was incised and the levator ani and external sphincter muscles were separated to the level of the caudal rectal nerve. All dogs were clinically normal throughout a 3 week postoperative observation period.     

CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL IN BROADCAST-SEEDED FLOODED TROPICAL RICE

Summary. Several new herbicides were tested for control of weeds in broadcast-seeded flooded tropical rice. Among the new herbicides, S-(2-methyl-l-piperidylcarbonyl-methyl)- O,O -di- n -propyl dithiophosphate (C-19490), S-(2-methyl-l-piperidylcarbonyl-methyl)- O,O -di- n -propyl dithiophosphate combined with 2-(1',2'-dimethylpropylamino)-4-ethylamino-6-methylmercapto- s -triazine [C-19490/C-18898 (C-288)], and N -secondary-butyl-4-tertiary-butyl-2,6-dinitroaniline (A-820) were highly selective in controlling Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) and other annual weeds under tropical conditions. S-(4-chlorobenzyl)- N,N -diethylthiol carbamate (benthiocarb) and N -(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide (butachlor) continued to look promising in our experiments. Only butachlor is widely used in Asia.
Désherbage chimique des cultures tropicales de riz inorndé, seméà la volée