甘蓝型油菜-萝卜附加系中萝卜染色体的（dp）RAPD标记

在已掌握甘蓝型油菜-萝卜附加系染色体构成,并构建萝卜分子连锁图谱的基础上,以甘蓝型油菜?萝卜附加系为材料,利用(dp)RAPD分子标记技术,筛选附加系中外源萝卜9条染色体(A～I)的分子标记,为进一步研究萝卜染色体与连锁群对应关系奠定基础。试验筛选了576个随机引物(组合),有413个能从附加系中扩增出萝卜染色体的(dp)RAPD标记,平均有效引物(组合)占71·7%,其中RAPD反应有效引物率67·7%,dpRAPD反应有效引物率73·2%。试验共得到899个萝卜染色体(dp)RAPD标记,包括354个RAPD标记和545个dpRAPD标记,覆盖萝卜整个基因组的全部9条染色体,不同染色体的标记数目变化范围在41～160,其中最多的是染色体C,最少的是染色体I。     

Age, FSH Dose and Follicular Aspiration Frequency Affect Oocyte Yield from Juvenile Donor Lambs

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of lamb age, frequency of follicular aspirations, and hormone stimulation by fixed or variable FSH dose, on the number of collected oocytes and their maturational competence. In trial 1, the characteristics of follicular population (number and diameter of follicles) were studied in 40 lambs which were slaughtered at the age of 30 days (S1), 42 days (S2), 60 days (S3) and 5–6 months (S4), each n = 10. In trial 2, 27 lambs were divided into four groups. group MF lambs (n = 6) had follicular aspiration (OPU) in four monthly intervals commencing from the age of 8–9 weeks (sessions MF1, MF2, MF3 and MF4). In groups SF2, SF3 and SF4 (each n = 6), OPU was conducted once during the 12–13, 16–17 and 20–21 week of age, respectively. Ovarian stimulation was conducted with fixed FSH dose (3.52 mg/animal). In trial 3, 10 lambs (group MV) were treated as those of group MF apart from the FSH dose, which was administered according to the body weight in a dose of 0.27 mg/kg. The number and the size of follicles, the number and the quality of collected oocytes and the maturational competence of the oocytes were compared between and within groups. In trial 1, the total number and the number of small follicles were greater in groups S1 and S2 compared with those of S3 and S4 (p < 0.01). Similarly, the follicular population was greater in group MF1 than in group SF3 (p < 0.01). In sessions MF2, MF3, MV2, MV3 and MV4, more oocytes were collected in comparison with those from the respective once‐aspirated age mates (groups SF2, SF3 and SF4). In total, more (p = 0.02) oocytes per donor were collected from group MV (15.2 ± 5.5) than from group MF (9.0 ± 3.2). An absolute maturational failure was observed in oocytes collected from groups SF2 and SF3. Maturational competence varied between 16.7% and 58.3% (p = 0.017) among sessions of group MF, but it was more uniform among sessions of group MV (range 12.5–42.9%, p > 0.05). Our results indicate that firstly, the number and the quality of harvested oocytes from juvenile lambs can be much improved if follicular stimulation regime is adjusted to the body weight. Secondly, in terms of follicular population and oocyte quality, 3 and 4‐month‐old lambs are naturally bad oocyte donors, but this characteristic can be reversed by a previous follicular ablation.     

Calculation of stenotic valve area

Calculation of stenotic valve area can aide in the determination of the severity of the lesion. While use of Doppler derived pressure gradients are widely used and easily interpreted, certain situations may make these measurements less reliable. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the technique for measuring the stenotic valve area and illustrate situations where this added information may be of diagnostic benefit.     

Polypoid uterine leiomyosarcomas in a sheep.

Leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed in the uterus surgically removed from a 3-year-old pet Suffolk ewe with a history of bleeding from the vulva, spontaneous lactation, and nursing behavior. The uterus contained multiple well-circumscribed, soft, intraluminal polypoid masses of variable sizes (0.5-4 cm). The masses were red, with white, smooth, and glistening cut surfaces. Histologically they comprised variably dense sheets of moderately pleomorphic, plump spindle cells embedded in richly vascularized stroma. The mitotic index was usually low (0-1/high-power field), but in some polyps there were up to 10 mitoses/high-power field. Neoplastic cells stained positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) by immunohistochemistry. Ultrastructural features of neoplastic cells included the presence of basal lamina, scant microfilaments, contracted nuclei with blunt ends, and flat intercellular junctions. Uterine leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed based on cellular morphology and atypia and positive immunohistochemistry for alpha-SMA.     

Anti-enzyme antibodies in rabbits and pigs against Hyostrongylus rubidus (Hassall and Stiles, 1892)

Ether extracts of Hyostrongylus rubidus adult worms isolated on days 14, 35 and 64 of intection were found to contain two isoenzymes of malic dehydrogenase (MDH) and three of acid phosphatase. Sera from rabbits immunized against these extracts and sera from pigs experimentally infected with H. rubidus were tested for their anti-enzyme activity by two different techniques.Sera from rabbits actively immunized with a Day 14 worm extract contained an antibody which complexed only with a slow migrating isoenzyme of acid phosphatase but not with isoenzymes of MDH or acetylcholinesterase (AChE). No antibodies against worm acid phosphates or MDH were detectable by this technique in the sera of pigs which were experimentally infected with H. rubidus.A different technique, however, where the worm extracts were incubated at 60°C either with rabbit anti-H. rubidus serum, or serum from infected pigs, indicated the presence of anti-AChE globulin in both immunized rabbits and infected pigs. When individual immunoglobulins isolated from infected pigs were incubated with the same worm extract it was seen that activity was associated with IgG₁ but not with IgG₂, IgM or IgA. IgG₁ prepared from worm-free pigs did not complex with worm AchE. There was no interaction between the third stage larval AChE and pig IgG₁. Levels of AChE were highest in worms isolated at a period of infection when the hosts immune responses were beginning to manifest themselves and lowest in those worms surviving the population crisis.     

Micro ELISA and indirect haemagglutination tests in the diagnosis of Taenia hydatigena metacestode infections in lambs

Of 48 lambs slaughtered at a local abattoir, 60.4% were either found to be infected with Taenia hydatigena cycts, or showed evidence of abortive infections (white spots on the liver) with that parasite. The micro ELISA test and the IHA test did not distinguish between animals showing evidence of infection at slaughter and those which did not. Both tests gave results which correlated significantly with each other. The antigens used in the tests cross-reacted with each other, which may be the reason for the large number of false negative results.