扶桑绵粉蚧入侵河南省的风险分析

通过入侵有害生物风险识别,建立有害生物危险性评价体系,采用定性和定量的方法从入侵性、适生性、扩散性、潜在风险性、控制可行性等5个方面对扶桑绵粉蚧入侵河南省的风险性进行了分析,得出其综合风险性R值为2.32,属于高度危险性有害生物.根据分析结果提出了风险管理对策.     

夏威夷毛棉第三次考察简报

在2011和2012年工作基础上,于2013年9月23日-10月2日再次赴美国夏威夷州进行毛棉考察,重点考察了拉奈岛（Lanai）和莫洛凯岛（Molokai）。在包括瓦胡岛（Oahu）在内的3个主岛上,共采集到20份棉花样品,特别是发现了特大的毛棉原始居群,具有珍贵的保存价值。另外,总结了野外考察的体会,分析了毛棉居群的生存状态。     

3种监测工具对棉盲蝽的诱测效果

为探索不同监测工具对棉盲蝽的诱测效果,确定可应用生产的监测工具,2011—2013年在江苏南通沿海地区棉田进行了3种不同监测工具诱集棉盲蝽的试验。试验表明,频振12#灯对盲蝽诱测效果好,诱虫量大,峰期峰次明显,能较准确地反映当地棉田主要种群绿盲蝽成虫的发生规律,且省工节时,降低了测报人员的劳动强度,值得在生产上推广使用。     

Self-decontaminating cotton fabrics based on photo-induced macromolecular radicals

Photoactive blend films consisting of sulfonated polyether ether ketone and polyvinyl alcohol were incorporated onto cotton fibers to prepare self-decontaminating cotton fabrics. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the free-radical nature of the photoactive film and the cotton fabric. Several physical and mechanical properties of the fabrics, such as surface morphology, tensile strength, softness, whiteness, and water vapor permeability, were investigated, and it was found that the treated cottons basically maintained the original performance. Moreover, favorable photo-induced self-decontaminating capabilities of the treated fabrics were demonstrated against three kinds of pollutants, including decomposition of 80.2 % diuron under UVA light irradiation for 3 hours, inactivation of 93.33 % of E.coli and 86.67 % of S.aureus, and degradation of 64.1 % methyl orange under the light irradiation for 1 hour.     

Effects of environment parameters on sol-gel transition and dry-spinnability of regenerated silk fibroin aqueous solution

Protein concentration, pH, the types and concentrations of metallic ions, and extensional flow are thought to be important environment parameters affecting the natural spinning process. In this study, we investigate the effects of the types and concentrations of metallic ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and K⁺ ions), pH, and silk fibroin concentration on the sol-gel transition and the rheological behavior of a regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) aqueous solution. The results show that with an increase in the silk fibroin concentration, the weak acidic RSF aqueous solutions containing Mg²⁺ or Ca²⁺ ions undergo a phase transition to a weak gel state. Moreover, the rheological characterization of RSF aqueous solutions shows a dramatic change, and their apparent viscosities increase by almost three orders of magnitude and approach the apparent viscosity of the native dope in the silkworm gland. By using conventional pressure equipment, we investigate the dry-spinnability of weak gels. Further, we observe that the as-spun fibers exhibit a smooth surface and have inferior mechanical properties. The structure of the as-spun fibers is predominantly in a random coil or Silk I conformation.     

机采棉花品种新6015选育及栽培技术

新6015于2021年8月通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种较对照增产明显,按新疆棉花品种审定标准纤维品质达Ⅰ型品种标准,高抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病。介绍了新6015的选育过程、主要形态与农艺性状、产量表现、纤维品质、抗病性、适宜区域及栽培技术要点等。     

温室育苗播种机种子吸附特性

介绍了温室育苗播种机的播种原理,分析了种子吸附的必要条件以及吸附特性,为育苗播种机关键部件——吸嘴的设计提供依据。     

无线网桥在寒地水田监控系统中的应用

信号传输是寒地水田控制系统的重要环节。为了快速稳定的实时传输水田阀门信号、抽水泵状态和控制信号以及水稻长势实时图像信号,将开关信号转换成以太网能传递的数字信号后,同图像信号一起通过无线网桥实现局域网通信互联。经过实际测试,该通信模式安全、高速、稳定。     

Light intensity affects the growth and flavonol biosynthesis of Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.)

Response of growth and secondary metabolites to light intensity are useful measurements to determine suitable silviculture treatments for the cultivation of medicinal plants. Here, we analyzed the growth, flavonols (total flavonol, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) content, flavonols yield per plant, and expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes in 2-year Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) seedlings at four different light intensities (100, 76, 40, and 25 % of full sunlight) in a greenhouse setting. Across all light intensities, the 76 % sunlight treatment produced the highest growth of total biomass, root, stem, and leaf, indicating negative effects of either fulllight or heavy shading on Ginkgo seedling development. Both flavonols (total flavonol, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) content and expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes [PAL (Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), CHS (Chalcone synthase), F3H (Flavanone 3-hydroxylase), and FLS (Flavonol synthase)] in leaves were highest under 100 % sunlight, suggesting that full sunlight promotes the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes and increases flavonoid biosynthesis. The highest and lowest flavonol contents were found in leaves and stems, respectively. The 76 % sunlight treatment produced the highest flavonols yield while the 100 % sunlight produced the highest flavonoids content in leaves, indicating that flavonol production per unit land area depends not only flavonol content but also biomass. Overall, in order to achieve the highest flavonols yield per area in Ginkgo leaf-harvesting plantations, it is important to manipulate light conditions of field.     

Physiological and related anthocyanin biosynthesis genes responses induced by cadmium stress in a new colored-leaf plant “Quanhong Poplar”

The worsening of Cadmium (Cd) pollution has intensified the urban ecological environment deterioration in the world. Purifying contaminated environment using the tall, colored-leaf woody plants has been proved as an aesthetically pleasing approach. However, the effects of Cd stress on colored-leaf woody plants have been little reported. Present hydroponic experiments were carried out to study the physiological and related anthocyanin biosynthesis genes responses to Cd stress in “Quanhong Poplar” plants. The experiments consisted of four Cd levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 μM). Leaves were sampled at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after the first treatment for detection of related enzyme activities and genes expression. The results showed that the plants treated with 100 or 150 μM Cd presented obvious toxicity symptom, i.e. the inhibition of growth and the decrease of chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents. However, plants growth was enhanced and the synthesis of chlorophyll, anthocyanin were promoted when the plants were subject to 50 μM Cd stress. Furthermore, the activities of relative enzymes as well as their genes expression were induced, which indicated that low concentration of Cd induced the anthocyanin accumulation in “Quanhong Poplar” plants, which suggested that using “Quanhong Poplar” to purify contaminated environment would be an aesthetically pleasing approach, which would not only remediate contaminated environments but also bring landscape effects.