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101.
AEF Silva LF Cavalcante BA Rodrigues JL Rodrigues 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):1042-1046
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of powdered coconut water (ACP‐318®) diluted in high glucose (11.0 mm ) TCM199 in the achievement of nuclear in vitro maturation (IVM) of canine oocytes. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) (n = 632) were randomly allocated into three experimental groups named as group 1 (control group), group 2 (5% powdered coconut water) and group 3 (10% powdered coconut water). The percentage of meiotic resumption (MR) (GVBD to MII) was 39.1% (81/207), 50.2% (108/215) and 46.6% (98/210) for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively (p < 0.05). There were no differences in MR rates among groups 2 and 3. The medium with ACP‐318® slightly enhanced the nuclear maturation of canine oocytes when a comparison was established with rates of maturation exhibited by oocytes in the experimental group 1 without ACP‐318® (p < 0.05). The results suggest that oocytes’ nuclear morphology integrity and meiosis achievement were positively influenced when exposed to high glucose TCM199 supplemented with 5% powdered coconut water. Further investigation must be performed for a better understanding of powdered coconut water influence in cellular events during IVM of dog oocytes. 相似文献
102.
103.
M. R. Knox P. M. Kennedy D. R. Hennessy J. W. Steel L. F. Le Jambre 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(3):209-216
Swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and Droughtmaster cattle (Bos indicus × B. taurus), fitted with gastrointestinal cannulae, were dosed intraruminally with fenbendazole at 7.5 mg/kg liveweight, together with a chromium oxide capsule and a pulse dose of NaCoEDTA, to estimate the flow dynamics of the digesta in the rumen and duodenum. The concentrations of fenbendazole (FBZ) metabolites were measured in plasma and duodenal fluid collected over 120 h. In plasma, significantly lower peak concentrations and earlier disappearance of FBZ and its sulphoxide (OFZ) metabolite were observed in buffalo, which considerably reduced systemic availability in comparison with cattle. The availability of OFZ in the duodenal fluid of buffalo was significantly lower, whereas FBZ disposition was similar to that in cattle. The turnover rate of fluid in the rumen was higher in buffalo than in cattle, while the flow parameters for other digesta were similar in the two species. It is concluded that the decreased absorption of drug in buffalo was attributable to the shorter residence time of the dose in the rumen, and probably in the entire gastrointestinal tract. This may reduce the efficacy of treatment and indicate the need for higher dose rates for benzimidazole anthelmintics in buffalo than in cattle.Abbreviations AAS
atomic absorption spectroscopy
- AUC
area under the concentration-versus-time curve
-
C
max
maximum concentration
- FBZ
fenbendazole
- FBZ.SO2
fenbendazole sulphone
- HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- OFZ
fenbendazole sulphoxide 相似文献
104.
Objective The objective of this study is to compare the strain of chlamydia causing genital infection in koalas from Victoria with isolates from other animal species.
Design Polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis has been used to compare various Chlamydia psittaci isolates from a range of animals and disease syndromes. The isolates used in this study include isolates from three birds, three from aborted sheep, one from polyarthritis, one from bovine abortion, one from feline pneumonitis, three porcine isolates from faeces, polyarthritis and abortion, and three urogenital isolates from Victorian koalas.
Procedure Two polymerase chain reactions were performed, each amplifying a different region of the omp I gene. The first polymerase chain reaction amplified a 144 bp segment of the gene which was then digested with the restriction enzyme Eco R I. The second polymerase chain reaction amplified a larger 1070 bp region of the omp I gene which was digested with two restriction enzymes Alu I and Nde II.
Results and conclusions The results obtained have confirmed that variation in DNA sequence of various animal chlamydia isolates does occur. They have also shown that it is possible to classify isolates, based on their restriction enzyme profiles, into distinct groups. 相似文献
Design Polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis has been used to compare various Chlamydia psittaci isolates from a range of animals and disease syndromes. The isolates used in this study include isolates from three birds, three from aborted sheep, one from polyarthritis, one from bovine abortion, one from feline pneumonitis, three porcine isolates from faeces, polyarthritis and abortion, and three urogenital isolates from Victorian koalas.
Procedure Two polymerase chain reactions were performed, each amplifying a different region of the omp I gene. The first polymerase chain reaction amplified a 144 bp segment of the gene which was then digested with the restriction enzyme Eco R I. The second polymerase chain reaction amplified a larger 1070 bp region of the omp I gene which was digested with two restriction enzymes Alu I and Nde II.
Results and conclusions The results obtained have confirmed that variation in DNA sequence of various animal chlamydia isolates does occur. They have also shown that it is possible to classify isolates, based on their restriction enzyme profiles, into distinct groups. 相似文献
105.
JL Albarracín T Mogas MJ Palomo A Peña T Rigau JE Rodríguez-Gil 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(3):129-135
Incubation of dog spermatozoa in a medium without glucose and in the presence of lactate and pyruvate (l-CCM) for 4 h at 38.5 degrees C in a 5% CO(2) atmosphere induced in vitro capacitation of these cells. This was verified after the combined specific capacitation-like changes in percentages of viability and altered acrosomes, motility characteristics, sperm location of reactivity against Pisum sativum, Arachis hypogaea and Helix pomatia lectins and the tyrosine phosphorylation pattern. Furthermore, a feasible acrosome reaction (AR) was induced when spermatozoa incubated in l-CCM for 4 h were further co-incubated for 1 h with canine oocytes. This was demonstrated by AR-like changes in percentages of viability, altered acrosomes, motility characteristics and sperm location of reactivity against P. sativum, A. hypogaea and H. pomatia lectins. All these results clearly indicate that in vitro capacitation, and subsequent AR, can be feasibly achieved without the presence of sugars. This ability can be related to the specific characteristics of energy-metabolism regulation reported in dog spermatozoa. 相似文献
106.
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of active immunization against gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in male pigs and to compare it with surgical castration. Piglets were randomly assigned to two groups, one of 263 animals for surgical castration (SC) and one of 270 animals for immunocastration (IC). Surgery was done at 14 days of age and vaccination (Improvac®, CSL, Australia) performed twice at an interval of 4-5 weeks with the second injection given 4-7 weeks before slaughter. At slaughter, testes were weighed and fat samples collected for androstenone analysis. Androstenone was tested olfactorially by heating salivary glands in a microwave oven. Daily growth rate and meat quality were assessed in all animals. Regarding mean androstenone concentrations in backfat, no significant difference was found between SC and IC (0.042 (0.041; 0.044) μg/g vs. 0.058 (0.044; 0.071) μg/g; mean (95% confidence interval)). Testes weight was significantly (P<0.001) smaller in immunized (230.8 g (218.23; 243.52)) as compared to normal boars (761.8 g (722.77; 801.01)) of the same age, as a reference. In this study, androstenone production was suppressed in all vaccinated animals and the carcasses given free for consumption. Mean daily growth gain was not significantly different between SC (0.817 kg (0.804; 0.830)) and IC (0.827 kg (0.814; 0.840)), although there was a trend for better performance in the latter group. The yield of lean meat was significantly (P<0.001) improved in IC (54.50% (54.26; 54.73)) when compared to SC (53.76% (53.53; 54.00)). From our results, we conclude that vaccination against GnRH is a practical and effective method to suppress androstenone synthesis. Pain and stress associated with surgical castration can thus be avoided. 相似文献
107.
The synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin (DM) containing a trace of [(14)C]-DM was formulated with non-oxidised sterol and wax ester fractions (F1) of wool grease and as the commercial preparation 'Clout-S'. These were applied as a 'backline' strip to sheep immediately after shearing and the concentration of [(14)C]-DM at meridians adjacent to the application strip and at 1/4 and 3/4 of the dorsal-ventral distance was determined. The F1 formulation resulted in significantly greater lateral spread of DM with less remaining at the application site (66+/-8% of dose) 98 days after treatment compared to 'Clout-S' (94+/-3% dose). Autoradiographic examination of treated wool demonstrated that there was more DM in the lower half of the wool staple when formulated in F1 compared to 'Clout-S'. Greater mortality occurred when sheep biting lice Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis were exposed in vitro to wool containing DM from F1 compared to 'Clout-S' treated sheep. In field trials there was increased efficacy against synthetic pyrethroid resistant B. ovis with F1 formulation than with 'Clout-S'. The study has demonstrated that synthetic pyrethroid availability, and therefore efficacy, can be significantly increased when the insecticide is formulated in a 'carrier' with the physicochemical characteristics of wool grease. 相似文献
108.
109.
S Villaverde‐Morcillo MC Esteso C Castaño A Toledano Díaz A López‐Sebastián JL Campo J Santiago‐Moreno 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(5):750-755
Computer‐assisted systems for the assessment of sperm morphometry (ASMA systems) have been used successfully with several mammalian species. Unfortunately, they have so far been of little use for assessing bird semen, a consequence of the filiform shape of avian spermatozoa. This study compares two staining techniques (Hemacolor® and aniline blue staining) for the morphometric analysis of rooster and red‐legged partridge spermatozoa as part of a computer‐assisted light microscopy method. For both species, Hemacolor® staining provided a significantly higher percentage of measurable cells (93.7 ± 11.7% in roosters and 71.9 ± 15.3% in red‐legged partridges). Hemacolor® also showed greater repeatability (lower coefficients of variation) for length and area in roosters' sperm and for width in the case of red‐legged partridge's sperm. In the roosters, the Hemacolor® technique returned significantly (p < 0.05) larger sperm head width and area values than did the aniline blue technique, while the latter resulted in greater sperm head length values (p < 0.05). In the red‐legged partridge, no differences were seen in the results for sperm head width and area provided by the two techniques, but aniline blue staining was associated with longer length measurements. In conclusion, the morphometric values recorded differed depending on the staining method and species. However, the Hemacolor® technique might be deemed the more appropriate for computerized sperm assessment systems as it provides larger percentages of measureable cells and shows greater repeatability. 相似文献
110.
Effect of the Interaction Between Cryoprotectant Concentration and Cryopreservation Method on Frozen/Thawed Chicken Sperm Variables
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FMK Abouelezz C Castaño A Toledano‐Díaz MC Esteso A López‐Sebastián JL Campo J Santiago‐Moreno 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(1):135-141
This work examines the effect of the interaction between different concentrations of two cryoprotectants – glycerol (GLY) and dimethylacetamide (DMA) – and two methods of cryopreservation – pellets produced by plunging into liquid nitrogen and gradual in‐straw freezing – on frozen/thawed chicken sperm variables. Sperm was cryopreserved using: (i) 6% DMA, following the in‐straw and the pellet methods (ii) 11% GLY, following the in‐straw and the pellet methods; and (iii) 8% GLY in the in‐straw method and 3% DMA in the pellet method (i.e. reduced cryoprotectant concentrations). When 6% DMA was used as the cryoprotectant, no differences were seen between the in‐straw and pellet methods in terms of frozen/thawed sperm variables or fertility (10.8% and 12.8%, respectively). The viability and motility variables of the frozen/thawed sperm produced using the in‐straw method with 11% GLY were higher (p < 0.05) than those recorded for the sperm preserved using the same cryoprotectant and concentration in the pellet method. However, fertility was extremely low in both groups (2.1% and 4.2% for the in‐straw and pellet methods, respectively). Finally, the use of 8% GLY in the in‐straw method returned higher sperm viability, intact acrosome and motility values than the use of 3% DMA in the pellet method (p < 0.01). No differences were seen, however, in the fertility results obtained (28.8% and 25.0%, respectively). These results suggest that cryoprotectant concentrations can be reduced and still provide acceptable fertility rates. 相似文献