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91.
Bellion P Hofmann T Pool-Zobel BL Will F Dietrich H Knaup B Richling E Baum M Eisenbrand G Janzowski C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(15):6310-6317
Apples represent a major dietary source of antioxidative polyphenols. Their metabolic conversion by the gut microflora might generate products that protect the intestine against oxidative damage. We studied the antioxidant effectiveness of supernatants of fermented apple juice extracts (F-AEs, 6 and 24 h fermentation) and of selected phenolic degradation products, identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. Cell free antioxidant capacity of unfermented apple juice extracts (AEs) was decreased after fermentation by 30-50%. In the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2, F-AEs (containing <0.5% of original AE-phenolics) decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level more efficiently than the F-blank (fermented without AE) but were less effective than the respective AEs. Similarly, antioxidant effectiveness of individual degradation products was lower compared to respective AE constituents. Glutathione level was slightly increased and oxidative DNA damage slightly decreased by fermented AE03, rich in quercetin glycosides. In conclusion, F-AEs/degradation products exhibit antioxidant activity in colon cells but to a lesser extent than the respective unfermented AEs/constituents. 相似文献
92.
本文应用沙塘鳢属鱼类的外形特征、头部感觉管孔的有无及感觉乳突之排列方式作为分类依据,对采自中国各河川800余尾沙塘鳢属鱼类进行较全面.系统的研究,还对比产于日本和韩国的种类,解决了中国沙塘鳢属长期混淆不清的分类问题.中国沙塘鳢属鱼类有4种(其中有一新种),即河川沙塘鳢O.optamophila(Gǖnther),海丰沙塘鳢O.haifengensis Chen.,鸭绿沙塘鳢(新种)O.yaluensis Wu,Wu et Xie sp.nov.和暗色沙塘鳢0.obseura(Temm.et Schl.) 相似文献
93.
从1999年8至10月,2000年的4至6月,2002年8月至2003年9月,在平均树高为26米的长白山阔叶红松林内,用红外气体分析仪(2250D,LI-CORInc.和LI-COR,820)测定了不同高度的二氧化碳浓度。根据测定的数据,分析了阔叶红松林二氧化碳廓线的日变化和季节变化动态。结果表明:CO2浓度的垂直分布在白天和夜间是不同的,在接近地面处CO2浓度始终最大。从季节CO2廓线看出,在植物生长季节林冠处CO2浓度有明显的成层现象,不同高度(60~2.5m)的CO2浓度3月份变化较小差值为10mmol穖ol-1,而在7月份变化较大,差值为60mmol穖ol-1。7月份林冠处(22,26,32m)CO2浓度梯度较大,浓度差为8mmol穖ol-1。计算位于涡度相关仪器之下的40米高空气柱中CO2贮存状况表明,年际贮存是负值,但对NEE的贡献很小。图4参11。 相似文献
94.
ZhangChao ZhangQing WangXuefeng 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(2):16-20
The application of digital photogrammetry to measure distribution of tree positions with stereo image couple is introduced in detail, and the procedure of stereo vision applied in forestry environment is explored. Nonlinear error in measure model is adopted in the camera calibration; the interactive correlation matching is used under constraint of epipolar line and edge of tree detected by Canny operator. Results prove that application of digital photogrammetry technology to measure distribution of tree positions can meet demand of precision in experimental conditions. 相似文献
95.
风对林木的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
风除对森林造成了危害外,还对树木的生长、形态以及森林生态等产生影响。随着全球气候变化的发展,更多和更强的暴风出现的危险性日益增加。为了更好地理解风害对树木、林分和森林生态系统的影响,为森林经营管理提供依据,本文对近10年来国际上有关风对林木影响内容进行归纳总结。结果表明,风对林木影响的研究主要在以下几个方面取得了重要的进展:1)风与林木的空气动力学关系;2)树木在风力荷载下其适应性的生长机理;3)树木对风的生理响应:4)森林风害的危险评估。所有这些研究大都在人工用材林中进行的。此外,本文还介绍了该研究领域需要开展的其它研究,如1)天然林或天然次生林的风害研究;2)风害形成的林窗和森林动态研究;3)风害对森林生态主要过程的影响研究;4).风害与森林管理研究。图3参61。 相似文献
96.
随着大气CO2浓度的升高,主要由其引起的温室效应与对生物新陈代谢的影响变得越来越显著。森林生态系统在全球碳循环中扮演着重要的角色。为了评估和理解森林土壤CO2通量及其随空气和土壤温度的季节和昼夜变化规律,我们在长白山北坡典型阔叶红松林内利用静态箱技术进行了原位观测。实验在整个生长季(6月初至9月末)昼夜进行,利用气相色谱进行气体分析。结果表明: 长白山阔叶红松林土壤是大气二氧化碳源,其CO2通量具有明显的季节和昼夜变化规律。通量的变化范围是(0.30-2.42)μmol穖-2穝-1,平均值为0.98μmol穖-2穝-1。土壤CO2排放的季节规律表明,土壤CO2通量的变化与气温和土壤温度的变化有关。CO2平均通量的最大值出现在7月((1.27±23%)μmol穖-2穝-1),最小值出现在9月((0.5±28%)μmol穖-2穝-1)。土壤CO2的昼夜波动与土壤温度变化有关,而在时间上滞后于温度的变化。森林下垫面土壤CO2通量与土壤温度显著相关,与6cm深度土层温度相关系数最大。基于气温和土壤温度计算的Q10值范围为2.09-3.40。图2表3参37。 相似文献
97.
Ying?Liu Shi-jie?HanEmail author Xue-feng?Li Yu-mei?Zhou Jun-hui?Zhang Xia?Jia 《林业研究》2004,15(3):187-191
The impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (500 μmol·mol−1 and 700 μmol·mol−1) on total soil respiration and the contribution of root respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were investigated from May to October in 2003 at the Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Jilin Province, China. After four growing seasons in top-open chambers exposed to elevated CO2, the total soil respiration and roots respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were measured by a Li-6400-09 soil CO2 flux chamber. Three PVC cylinders in each chamber were inserted about 30 cm into the soil instantaneously to terminate the
supply of current photosynthates from the tree canopy to roots for separating the root respiration from total soil respiration.
Soil respirations both inside and outside of the cylinders were measured on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively.
The results indicated that: there was a marked diurnal change in air temperature and soil temperature at depth of 5 cm on
June 16, the maximum of soil temperature at depth of 5 cm lagged behind that of air temperature, no differences in temperature
between treatments were found (P>0.05). The total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed showed strong diurnal and seasonal patterns. There
was marked difference in total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed between treatments (P<0.01); Mean total soil respiration and contribution of root under different treatments were 3.26, 4.78 and 1.47 μmol·m−2·s−1, 11.5%, 43.1% and 27.9% on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively.
Foundation item: This study was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX1-SW-01) and the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (30070158).
Biography: LIU Ying (1976-), female, Ph. D. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
98.
Nicole?WellbrockEmail author Winfried?Riek Barbara?Wolff 《European Journal of Forest Research》2005,124(4):261-271
Based on the results of the atmospheric deposition classification of the year 1989, a methodical approach should be introduced,
which—based on the modelled total deposition rates—enables us to characterise the input situation of forest monitoring plots
and to delimit load areas in Germany. In 1989, the deposition situation in nearly 1,800 forest monitoring sites (BZE/extensive
Soil Condition Inventory) in Germany could be explained by four factors (or three, excluding sea salt impact) with the help
of a factor analysis. The factor values were grouped into six deposition types with typical compounds and regional patterns.
The classified input rates of the soil inventory plots adequately represent the stress situation and deposition changes in
Germany. The application of the statistical approach on the level of Brandenburg clarifies the special local input situation.
Due to the special combination of deposed elements, the sources of emissions can be characterised as well. When the soil inventory
is repeated, a project planned for 2006, this approach can be used in order to determine homogenous areas for stratified data
evaluation. 相似文献
99.
100.
农业发展问题是中国经济增长的根本问题,在经济发展过程中,农业对国民经济具有不可替代的贡献作用.农业机械是现代农业的基础装备,对提高农业劳动生产率、增加农产品供给、保证农业稳步发展起了到至关重要的作用.为此,文章论述了中国农业机械化的现状,探讨了今后中国现代农业机械化的发展趋势,以期为我国农业机械行业的发展提供一定的参考. 相似文献