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71.
红外光谱法作为一种新的研究手段已经广泛应用于土壤分析,由其检测区域和手段的不同又可分为多种光谱类 型。本研究以第四纪黄土为例,系统地比较了近红外区和中红外区反射光谱和光声光谱的吸收特征及其差异。结果表明,中红外光谱比近红外光谱的信息更为丰富,且中红外光谱与样品中物质的特征吸收关系更加密切,从而更有利于土壤定性与定量分析。土壤的反射光谱和光声光谱表现出了明显不同的特征,在近红外区,反射光谱和光声光谱吸收明显不同,而在中红外区,反射光谱和光声光谱具有相对应的吸收,但相对吸收强度明显不同,且吸收峰的位置也发生改变,尤其在1 000 ~ 2 000 cm-1谱区,反射光谱相互干扰很强,而光声光谱的吸收特征更为明显。在黄土的分类鉴别上,反射光谱优于光声光谱。红外反射光谱和光声光谱在不同波段下具有不同的吸收灵敏度,在土壤定性与定量分析中各自都将具有其明显的优势。 相似文献
72.
73.
MJG Bezerra JALO Cruz ES Kung PPF Albuquerque PCP Kim EPBX Moraes JW Pinheiro Júnior RA Mota 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):753-755
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of genomic DNA of Toxoplasma gondii in semen samples from commercial rams in artificial insemination centres in Brazil, as well as in fresh semen from rams in the northeast of Brazil. In total, 108 semen samples were obtained from artificial insemination centres, and genomic DNA of T. gondii was detected in 24 of 108 (22.2%). The prevalence of antibodies anti‐Toxoplasma gondii among sheep on rural properties was 9.2% (10/109), and 100% of the semen samples of these animals were positive in the PCR for T. gondii DNA. The molecular identity was confirmed through sequencing, which indicated 99.9% similarity with the T. gondii DNA sequences stored in the GenBank. This study reports the first occurrence of T. gondii DNA in the semen of rams, which came from artificial insemination centres in Brazil, as well as the occurrence of T. gondii DNA in the fresh semen of naturally infected rams in the northeast of Brazil. 相似文献
74.
Efficacy of ivermectin controlled-release capsules for the control and prevention of nasal bot infestations in sheep 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Objective To investigate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against nasal bots (Oestrus ovis) in sheep.
Design Trial 1 – A pen study with controls. Trial 2 – A field study with controls.
Animals Trial 1 – Forty Merino wethers with natural infestations of nasal bot were used. Trial 2 – One hundred nasal bot-free wethers were used.
Procedure Trial 1 – Ten randomly selected animals were slaughtered and the heads split and examined to confirm bot infestation. Fifteen animals were allocated to untreated controls and 15 to treatment with a controlled-release capsule delivering ivermectin at ≥ 20 μg/kg/day for 100 days. Twenty-nine days after treatment the sheep were killed and examined for nasal bots. Trial 2 – Nasal bot-free sheep were allocated to two groups of 45 animals. One group was untreated the other sheep were treated with capsules as above. The sheep were grazed as a single group exposed to natural challenge from O ovis . Ninety days after treatment the animals were slaughtered and examined for nasal bot infestation.
Results Trial 1 – Live O ovis larvae were recovered from 60% of control sheep. No live larvae were collected from treated sheep. Trial 2 – Forty-one percent of untreated sheep harbored nasal bot infestations. No live larvae were collected from any treated animal.
Conclusion Treatment with a single ivermectin controlled-release capsule was 100% effective against existing infestations of O ovis and as a prophylactic treatment for this parasite. 相似文献
Design Trial 1 – A pen study with controls. Trial 2 – A field study with controls.
Animals Trial 1 – Forty Merino wethers with natural infestations of nasal bot were used. Trial 2 – One hundred nasal bot-free wethers were used.
Procedure Trial 1 – Ten randomly selected animals were slaughtered and the heads split and examined to confirm bot infestation. Fifteen animals were allocated to untreated controls and 15 to treatment with a controlled-release capsule delivering ivermectin at ≥ 20 μg/kg/day for 100 days. Twenty-nine days after treatment the sheep were killed and examined for nasal bots. Trial 2 – Nasal bot-free sheep were allocated to two groups of 45 animals. One group was untreated the other sheep were treated with capsules as above. The sheep were grazed as a single group exposed to natural challenge from O ovis . Ninety days after treatment the animals were slaughtered and examined for nasal bot infestation.
Results Trial 1 – Live O ovis larvae were recovered from 60% of control sheep. No live larvae were collected from treated sheep. Trial 2 – Forty-one percent of untreated sheep harbored nasal bot infestations. No live larvae were collected from any treated animal.
Conclusion Treatment with a single ivermectin controlled-release capsule was 100% effective against existing infestations of O ovis and as a prophylactic treatment for this parasite. 相似文献
75.
Objective The objective of this work was to perform a comprehensive phenotypic characterisation of 16 isolates of bacteria previously identified as Actinobacillus equuli.
Design The 16 isolates that had been obtained from Australian animals – 15 from horses and one from a rabbit – were compared with reference strains of A equuli, A capsulatus, Pasteurella caballi and Bisgaard Taxa 9 and 11.
Results The characterisation study demonstrated that only nine of the isolates were A equuli . The other isolates were identified as A capsulatus (the isolate from rabbit), P caballi (one isolate), Bisgaard Taxon 11 (two isolates) and Bisgaard Taxon 9 (one isolate). The final two isolates could not be assigned to any recognised species or taxa.
Conclusion This study has highlighted the importance of a complete characterisation of Actinobacillus -like organisms isolated from horses and rabbits. The study represents the first time that A capsulatus, P caballi and Bisgaard Taxa 9 and 11 have been recognised as being present in Australia. 相似文献
Design The 16 isolates that had been obtained from Australian animals – 15 from horses and one from a rabbit – were compared with reference strains of A equuli, A capsulatus, Pasteurella caballi and Bisgaard Taxa 9 and 11.
Results The characterisation study demonstrated that only nine of the isolates were A equuli . The other isolates were identified as A capsulatus (the isolate from rabbit), P caballi (one isolate), Bisgaard Taxon 11 (two isolates) and Bisgaard Taxon 9 (one isolate). The final two isolates could not be assigned to any recognised species or taxa.
Conclusion This study has highlighted the importance of a complete characterisation of Actinobacillus -like organisms isolated from horses and rabbits. The study represents the first time that A capsulatus, P caballi and Bisgaard Taxa 9 and 11 have been recognised as being present in Australia. 相似文献
76.
Comparison of efficiency of in vitro cloned sheep embryo production by conventional somatic cell nuclear transfer and handmade cloning technique
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S Khan M Tali A Khan S Bhat A Ashraf MH Bhat F Khan RA Shah 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):512-518
Conventional somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique of in vitro production of cloned embryos involves use of costly and complicated micromanipulators. Handmade cloning (HMC) technique has been applied as efficient and cost‐effective alternative in many livestock species. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of in vitro production and in vitro development of cloned sheep embryos by the two techniques. Cloned embryos were produced by conventional SCNT using micromanipulator apparatus and by HMC technique. Enucleation efficiency and efficiency of fusion with somatic cell (nucleus donor) were compared. Cleavage percentage was observed on day 2 of in vitro culture (IVC), and morula and blastocyst percentages were calculated on day 7 of IVC. Higher enucleation efficiency (96.98 ± 1.01 vs. 93.62 ± 1.03; p > .05) as well as fusion efficiency was obtained with HMC technique than with conventional SCNT (96.26 ± 1.34 vs. 92.63 ± 0.70, p < .05); 181 cloned sheep embryos were produced in vitro by conventional SCNT and 92 by HMC. Cleavage percentage observed on day 2 of in vitro culture was higher in HMC than SCNT (66.92 ± 3.72 vs. 55.97 ± 2.5, respectively, p < .05). Morula percentage obtained was higher in SCNT than HMC (44.12 ± 2.93 vs. 30.43 ± 6.79, respectively, p < .05), whereas blastocyst percentage obtained by HMC was higher (12.46 ± 4.96) than SCNT (5.31 ± 2.25; p > .05). It was inferred that HMC technique provides a cost‐effective and efficient method of in vitro production of cloned sheep embryos with a comparatively simpler technique with a possibility of automation. Efficiency of cloned embryo production could be improved further by propagating and standardizing this technique. 相似文献
77.
Extract An 8-year-old female Fox Terrier was presented for acute anorexia and depression. A haemogram revealed extreme neutrophilic leucocytosis (136×109/L neutrophils). By Day 4, the neutrophilia was more marked (214×109/L segmented; 23×109/L band). Imaging revealed a cranial mediastinal mass, pleural effusion and small pneumothorax. Needle aspiration of the mass showed cells resembling malignant histiocytes against a background of mature neutrophils. On Day 7, the mass was surgically removed. Histologically, it revealed a malignancy suggestive of histiocytic sarcoma intensely infiltrated with neutrophils. Immunocyto-chemical investigations are pending. Post-operatively, the dog's appetite and demeanour improved but breathing was laboured, and neutrophilia persisted (300×109/L on Day 14). The dog was humanely killed on Day 14; post mortem examination revealed no distant metastases. This dog's illness is strongly reminiscent of a rare human condition, inflammatory malignant fibrous his-tiocytoma with leukaemoid reaction (IMFH-LR). In IMFH-LR, neoplastic cells produce cytokines that attract neutrophils to the tumour. Other cytokines stimulate the bone marrow to produce extreme neutrophilia. Although paraneoplastic neutrophilia has previously been described in dogs, this is an extreme example and the condition has not previously been associated with histiocytic or intrathoracic malignancies. 相似文献
78.
79.
KA Rose PD Kirkland RJ Davis D Blumstein LI Pritchard KM Newberry RA Lunt 《Australian veterinary journal》2012,90(12)
Epizootics of sudden death in tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) occurred at six research facilities and zoological gardens in New South Wales, Australia, in late 1998 and at one Queensland research facility in March 1999. There were 120 confirmed tammar wallaby deaths during this period; however, population censuses indicated that up to 230 tammar wallabies may have died. The majority of animals died without premonitory signs. A small proportion of wallabies exhibited increased respiratory rate, sat with a lowered head shortly before death or were discovered in lateral recumbency, moribund and with muscle fasciculations. Gross postmortem findings consistently included massive pulmonary congestion, mottled hepatic parenchyma and subcutaneous oedema throughout the hindlimbs and inguinal region. Approximately 30% of the animals examined also had extensive haemorrhage within the fascial planes and skeletal muscle of the hindlimb adductors, inguinal region, ventral thorax, dorsal cervical region and perirenal retroperitoneal area. The tissues of affected animals became autolytic within a short period after death. Bacteriological examination of tissues from 14 animals did not provide any significant findings. Toxicological examination of the gastric and colonic contents of four animals did not reveal evidence of brodifacoume or other rodenticides. Viruses from the Eubenangee serogroup of the Orbivirus genus were isolated from the cerebral cortex of nine, and the myocardium of two, tammar wallabies and the liver and intestine of another tammar wallaby. A similar orbivirus was also isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of another tammar wallaby that died suddenly. The disease agent appears to be a previously unrecognised orbivirus in the Eubenangee serogroup. This is the first report of epizootics of sudden deaths in tammar wallabies apparently associated with an orbivirus infection. 相似文献
80.
X Liu Q Dai EJ Hart DMW Barrett NC Rawlings RA Pierson PM Bartlewski 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(4):393-401
The aim of this study was to assess the ultrasonographic characteristics of ovulatory follicles in cyclic Western White Face ewes (December) that had received intravaginal sponges containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP; 60 mg) for 12 days, with or without an injection of 500 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) at sponge removal. We hypothesized that quantitative echotextural attributes of the follicles in ewes treated only with MAP would differ from those in MAP/eCG-treated ewes, reflecting the increased antral follicular growth and secretory function under eCG influence. Digital images of ovulatory follicles obtained at 0 and 24 h after MAP sponge removal and at 24 h before ovulation in the eCG-treated (five ewes, 13 follicles) and control (six ewes, 9 follicles) animals, were subjected to computerized analyses. The mean diameter of ovulatory follicles increased (p < 0.001) 24 h after eCG treatment. The mean pixel intensity and heterogeneity of the follicular antrum (p < 0.001), as well as mean pixel intensity of the follicular wall and perifollicular ovarian stroma (p < 0.05), were greater in eCG-treated animals compared with control ewes 24 h after sponge removal and at 24 h before ovulation. Mean serum concentrations of oestradiol-17beta tended to increase (p = 0.06) 24 h after eCG treatment and the eCG-treated ewes exceeded (p < 0.05) control animals in progesterone concentrations from days 9-15 after ovulation. Our results support the hypothesis that large antral follicles in eCG-treated ewes exhibit distinctive echotextural characteristics. Follicular image attributes in eCG-treated ewes appear to be indicative of the changes in follicular morphology and secretory activity caused by the administration of the exogenous gonadotropin, which has both FSH- and LH-like activities. 相似文献