Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

腾冲过路黄的生长动态观察研究

对腾冲过路黄的物候期进行观察,并绘制出物候图谱。测定其各器官生长动态,结果显示：腾冲过路黄的根系集中分布层深度为10～26 cm,其茎含水量平均为82.02％,叶含水量平均为79.87％,根含水量平均为85.68％。采用相关分析及建立生物量一元线性回归方程,茎、叶、根的生物量（干重Y）可分别用Y=0.0213X4.3369、Y=0.0565X3.9657、Y=0.0382X3.517来推测。     

我国甜菜抗逆性研究进展

从盐、水、温度、病害等方面综述了甜菜抗逆性研究进展,并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

丛枝菌根真菌在不同基质中对枳苗生长及氮磷吸收的影响

为筛选出适合枳砧木苗生长的菌根菌种类及基质组合,促进丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌在柑桔砧木容器苗生产中的高效应用,选取腐叶土、麦糠和菌渣为主要基质,分别与园土和河沙按体积比2∶1∶1配成混合栽培基质,以摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae、地表球囊霉G.versiforme、地球囊霉G.geosporum和透光球囊霉G.diaphanum为供试菌种,采用容器育苗方法,研究了4种丛枝菌根真菌及其组合处理在3种基质下对枳苗生长及其氮、磷吸收的影响。结果表明,自然接种菌根侵染率不超过40%,人工接种侵染率可高达80%;枳苗以地表球囊霉接种和腐叶土或麦糠组合的侵染率最高,分别为80.7%和78.7%;以地表球囊霉接种和麦糠组合促进生长的效果最显著,菌根依赖性达到342.4%,生物量比对照高出278%,该组合促进植株氮、磷吸收的效果也最显著,其吸氮总量比对照高482.0%,吸磷总量比对照高553.8%。适合枳容器苗生长的最佳AM真菌和基质组合是地表球囊霉+麦糠混合基质。     

Factors affecting seed dormancy and germination of Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

Seeds of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] germinated to higher percentages (20–30% higher) when incubated at 28 and 35° C than at 10 or 22° C. After-ripening was accelerated by dry storage of these seeds at 50°C. Seeds pre-chilled at 6°C for 2–4 weeks followed by incubation at 28°C germinated 40–60%. Light effects on germination were related to incubation temperatures; inhibitory at 22°C; no response at 28°C; and stimulatory at 35°C. Effects of gibberellin A₃ (GA₃) also varied depending on incubation temperature, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) immersion and light conditions. Immersion of dry seeds in either 700 mM NaOCl, 900 mM H₂O₂ or concentrated H₂SO₄ before incubation in water was effective in breaking dormancy. This result suggests the modes of action of H₂SO₄ in the termination of dormancy may be similar to those of NaOCl and H₂SO₄ as previously suggested by Hsiao & Quick (1984), that is by modification or scarification of the hull or seed coat membranes, and also by the supply of additional oxygen to the seed.     

黄土丘陵区垄沟改良措施对玉米水分利用效率的影响

选择延安地区作为黄土丘陵区的代表,在延安地区应用地膜、液态地膜、保水剂、PAM(土壤改良剂)和间作套种措施优化大垄沟种植方式种植玉米,分析了不同优化措施种植玉米的水分利用效率。结果表明,地膜、保水剂、PAM和间作方式有利于大垄沟较好地保持土壤水分,其保水能力分别比平种高出17.4%、8.5%、11.6%、5.3%;液态地膜、地膜、间作和PAM表现出很好的增产效果,其产量分别比平种高出77.7%、72.0%、64.1%、30.8%。     

广州地区姜目切花新品种推广应用的现状与对策

2005-2007年,在广州地区示范推广10个姜目切花新品种,制定了配套的高产优质栽培技术规程及产品质量等级标准,实施种苗快速繁育.通过示范带动及采用有效的技术服务措施,推广应用174.3 hm<'2>,取得较好的社会、经济效益,提出进一步做好推广应用工作的对策.     

秸秆还田配施氮肥对冬小麦产量及氮素调控的影响

以周麦23为供试材料,采用裂区设计的大田试验研究了关中地区秸秆还田配施不同氮肥水平对冬小麦产量及氮素调控的影响。结果表明：相较于单施氮肥处理,秸秆还田配施氮肥处理冬小麦产量在低施氮量处理时有降低的趋势,在高施氮量处理时有增加的趋势,但两者间的差异不显著;秸秆还田配施氮肥能有效提高冬小麦的氮素利用效率,冬小麦的氮肥表观利用率提高了1．6％～9．1％;秸秆还田措施配施适量的氮肥有降低冬小麦百公斤籽粒需氮量的趋势。综合考虑到生产成本及潜在环境污染的可能性因素,在秸秆还田条件下,试验地区冬小麦施氮量以252～321 kg·hm-2为宜。     

玉蜀黍赤霉有性重组体的诱导及其生物学特性

 本研究以硝酸盐营养缺陷型突变体(nit)和多菌灵抗性为遗传标记,在5个所选菌株中设计了3个玉蜀黍赤霉病菌Gibberella zeae的杂交组合,使各菌株之间进行杂交,从而诱导有性重组体。从各杂交组合的后代中任意挑选出3个有性重组体,比较了这些有性重组体与其亲本在无性和有性阶段的主要生物学性状。结果表明,玉蜀黍赤霉中的nit基因及对杀菌剂多菌灵的抗药性基因可以通过有性杂交的方式重组,即发生了有性重组。有性重组体与其亲本在菌落生长、培养性状和致病性方面没有显著差异;但某些有性重组体中,产孢量和产子囊壳能力方面存在一定差异。总体看来,有性重组体仍然保持了较高的适合度。因此,可以认为有性重组在玉蜀黍赤霉群体对多菌灵抗药性发生发展以及群体遗传进化中可能起着重要的作用。     

利用双标准曲线法检测刺萼龙葵 SrDOG1基因的表达

双标准曲线法是基因表达定量研究中应用较广的一种相对定量检测方法。本研究结合绝对定量的原理,对传统双标准曲线法进行了改进。以刺萼龙葵延迟萌发基因DELAY OF GERMINATION 1(DOG1)的表达检测为例,选择β-actin为内参基因,分别将目的基因和内参基因片段插入pEASY-Blunt Zero载体,制作标准质粒。提取冷藏或常温储藏种子的RNA进行荧光扩增,同时将标准质粒梯度稀释液作为模板构建标准曲线,以此计算SrDOG1的相对表达量。结果表明,双标准曲线法能够灵敏地检测SrDOG1基因的差异表达,发现冷藏种子中SrDOG1基因的表达量较常温储藏显著增高。双标准曲线法检测结果稳定,重现性好,数据处理简单,适用于多种条件下基因表达水平的比较,为进一步系统研究刺萼龙葵DOG1基因的表达特性和基因功能奠定了基础。