The Fluorescent Characterization and Analysis of Two Brucella Attenuated Vaccine Infecting Mouse Macrophagocyte

The experiment was conducted to discuss the difference of binding time of green fluorescent protein B.melitensis M5 (GFP-M5) and B.abortus S19 (GFP-S19) infecting the mouse macrophagocyte (RAW264.7),lysosome,endoplasmic reticulum and golgi body in the initial stage and compare the binding rate of GFP-M5,GFP-S19 with organelle in different timeline,respectively,by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and flow cytometry.The result showed that GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 were successfully constructed.The intracellular survival ability of Brucella M5,Brucella S19,GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 were not obvisouly affected after infecting RAW264.7.GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 could enter the macrophagocyte in 30 mins,and in 2 h the Brucella could reach lysosome,endoplasmic reticulum and golgi body.In addition,the binding time for two attenuated vaccine did not show differences in 1,2,3 and 4 h.The content of GFP⁺ cell produced by RAW264.7 infected by GFP-M5 and GFP-S19 did not show significant differences (P>0.05).Therefore,the two strains did not have significant differences in the invasion ability in the initial stage of infecting host cell.     

救必应水提取物对产ESBLs细菌的抑菌机理研究

为了探讨救必应水提取物的抑菌作用及抑菌机理,采用2倍微量稀释法和琼脂平板稀释培养计数法,测定救必应水提取物对产ESBLs(extended spectrum β-lactamases)细菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC),通过对细菌生长曲线、细菌超微结构、细胞壁和细胞膜通透性变化试验、核酸合成抑制试验研究救必应水提取物的抑菌机理。结果表明,与不添加提取物的对照组相比,救必应水提取物能够影响细菌的生长规律,使细菌破损严重,细胞壁和细胞膜通透性增加,细胞质外渗,菌液中AKP含量、可溶性蛋白含量增多、大肠杆菌DNA荧光强度明显减弱。研究表明,救必应水提取物的抑菌机理是通过细菌细胞壁和细胞膜通透性的变化,抑制细菌核酸的合成实现的。     

牧户可持续发展能力研究

牧民的可持续发展能力关系着牧区未来的发展。本研究基于自我发展能力、自我发展意识以及社会公共空间三个角度,通过建立牧户可持续发展能力评价指标体系,运用综合评价和障碍度模型,评估了牧户的可持续发展能力并分析其影响因素。结果发现牧户的可持续发展能力指数为0.360 1,处于一般等级。其中,牧户的自我发展能力指数最高,社会公共空间指数次之,最后为自我发展意识指数。因此,建议应加强草原生态保护修复的力度,完善草场流转机制,提高牧户自然资本;积极开展农牧民技能培训及其他类型培训,以技术促农牧民增收;完备基础设施建设,尤其是通讯设施建设,以促进村务公开更透明。     

新型秸秆微贮饲料的加工利用方法

在宁夏南部山区,一方面由于干旱少雨,加之气候寒冷,饲草的生育期短,随着广大回汉人民生活水平的提高和养殖业的不断发展,饲草的缺乏问题严重制约着当地畜牧业的进一步发展,另一方面,由于广大农户缺乏饲草调制方面的技术而用收获籽实后的农作物秸秆直接饲喂家畜,不但适口性差,养分含量低,而且对饲草资源的浪费相当严重.     

Analysis of Rumen Microbial Diversity and Functional Prediction of Chinese Simmental Cattle Based on 16S rRNA High-throughput Sequencing Technology

To systematically explore the microbial diversity and function in the rumen of Chinese Simmental cattle,this experiment used 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology to detect and analyze the rumen fluid samples of Simmental cattle (about 20 months old,the average weight was 550 kg),and its function was predicted by PICRUSt.The results showed that a total of 66 712 high-quality sequences were obtained from the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform,and 1 797 operational classification units (OTU) were obtained by cluster analysis.The taxonomic identification was divided into 13 phylums,20 classes,22 orders,33 families and 59 genuses;Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were dominant bacteria,accounting for 62.46% and 22.45%,respectively;Based on the genus composition,[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group (9.16%),Ruminococcus_2 (7.90%),norank_f__Bacteroidales_RF16_group(6.23%),norank_f__Ruminococcaceae(4.79%),Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group(4.72%),norank_f_Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group(4.49%),Ruminococcus_1(4.43%),etc.The PICRUSt function of the 16S rRNA genome predicted that the rumen flora function was mainly concentrated in carbohydrate transport and metabolism,and might contain a large amount of cellulose and lignin degrading enzyme genes.In summary,the high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA gene fully revealed the diversity of rumen bacteria in Simmental cattle,and predicted that it was rich in protein decomposition and lignocellulose degrading enzymes.The basis of microbial cognition provided a reference for further research on rumen microbial functional genes closely related to some important nutritional and physiological functions.     

中国大蜜蜂生物学特性研究初报

对中国大蜜蜂的分布、筑巢习性、迁飞习性、蜂巢结构等进行了初步调查,并对中国不同地区大蜜蜂的形态特征进行了测定。     

不同追播处理的Tifway生物量及追播草坪综合质量差异性研究

1998-2000年,选用多花黑麦草、多年生黑麦草、紫羊茅、匍匐翦股颖在四川农业大学草学试验基地的种间杂交狗牙根Tifway(Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaalensis)模拟运动场地进行冬季追播试验.结果表明,未处理Tifway的地上生物量随温度升高而增加,而地下生物量的变化趋势不明显,地上、地下生物量比值保持在一个稳定区间,追播处理下Tifway的地下、地上生物量比值发生明显变化.除用多花黑麦草追播的草坪质量低于Tifway单播外,其余追播处理的草坪质量均优于单播Tifway草坪,其中追播多年生黑麦草后的混合草坪质量评分最高,为7.27分(1999年,98-D-a).另外,追播草坪质量与播种量呈负相关(相关系数为-0.228和-0.212),与播种时间呈正相关(相关系数为0.461).     

HPLC法测定盐酸氯苯胍原粉含量

目的：采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氯苯胍的含量。方法：样品经1％盐酸甲醇萃取．以SHIMADZUC8色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）分离,甲醇和2．5％的磷酸溶液以体积比75比25的混合液为流动相,在检测波长为317nm处测定。结果：峰面积与盐酸氯苯胍的质量浓度在1—100．0mg·L^-1范围内呈线性关系。标准加入回收率为（n=6）95．2％,相对标准偏差（n=5）小于0．5％。     

2006年蜂产品原料市场回顾

2006年因蜂产品原料供求关系发生变化,大部分蜂产品原料供少于求,引起价格上涨.现分述如下.