不同处理玉米的有机物质瘤胃降解率及小肠消化率的研究

用３头带瘤胃瘘管的杂种肉牛测定玉米、无机保护剂处理玉米、有机保护剂处理玉米、１０％和３０％鲜血处理玉米有机物质（ＯＭ）和非蛋白质有机物质（ＮＰＯＭ）的瘤胃动态降解率,ＯＭ分别为５３．０３％,４３．９１％,５３．５７％,３５．７３％和３８．８５％,ＮＰＯＭ分别为５３．６７％,４８．０６％,５５．７２％,３９．２４％和４４．４８％。用酶解法（牛小肠液冻干粉（ＢＩＦ））测得玉米、无机保护剂处理玉米、有机保护剂处理玉米、１０％和３０％鲜血处理玉米１２小时瘤胃非降解ＯＭ的消化率分别为７４．３９％,７６．２６％,７５．５４％,７７．８８％和７７．４３％,ＮＰＯＭ分别为６３．９２％,６４．７８％,６４．４３％,６７．７８％和６５．００％。     

Infection of Bergmann glia in the cerebellum of a skunk experimentally infected with street rabies virus.

Rabies virus is a highly neuronotropic virus and glial cell infection is not prominent in the central nervous system (CNS). Paraffin-embedded tissues from the cerebella of skunks experimentally infected with either a skunk salivary gland isolate of street rabies virus or the challenge virus standard (CVS) strain of fixed rabies virus were examined with immunoperoxidase staining for rabies virus antigen by using an anti-rabies virus nucleocapsid protein monoclonal antibody. A skunk infected with street rabies virus showed prominent infection of Bergmann glia. Although infected Purkinje cells were observed, they usually demonstrated a relatively small amount of antigen in their perikarya. A CVS-infected skunk showed many intensely labeled Purkinje cells and a relatively small number of infected Bergmann glia. These findings indicate that although rabies virus is a highly neuronotropic virus, street rabies virus strains do not always demonstrate strict neuronotropism in the central nervous system.     

Propofol or thiopentone as induction agents in romifidine-sedated and halothane-N2O-anesthetized dogs: a preliminary study.

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the use of romifidine as a premedicant in dogs before general anesthesia induced with propofol or thiopentone and maintained with halothane-N2O. Fifteen healthy dogs were anesthetized twice. Each dog received, as preanesthetic protocol, atropine (10 microg/kg, IM) and romifidine (40 microg/kg, IM); induction was delivered with propofol or thiopentone and anesthesia was maintained with halothane and N2O for 1 h. Some cardiovascular and respiratory variables and recovery times were recorded. Induction doses of propofol or thiopentone and the percentage of halothane necessary for maintaining anesthesia were also registered. Thiopentone as an induction agent is more respiratory depressive but is less hypotensive than propofol. Thiopentone reduces further the percentage of halothane necessary for maintaining the anesthesia. However, the quality of recovery is poorer, as the time to extubation is longer and the dogs occasionally had a violent recovery. The combination of romifidine, atropine, propofol, halothane, and N2O appears to be an effective combination for inducing and maintaining general anesthesia in healthy dogs.     

蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及其对常规灭菌方法抵抗力的研究简

芽孢杆菌属细菌在芽孢状态下,对外界环境及理化因素具有高度抵抗力。适宜的温度、湿度及营养条件能促进芽孢萌发,影响其对常规灭菌方法的抵抗力。本试验选取蜡样芽孢杆菌作为研究对象,在适宜培养条件下使其形成芽孢,通过研究萌发后芽孢对温度、H₂O₂及含氯消毒剂等条件的抵抗力,证实了适当的条件（温度37 ℃、湿度40%、pH 7.4、30 min）能有效促进蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发,致使芽孢对高温（80 ℃、2 h）、H₂O₂（1.5 mol/L、2 h）及含氯消毒剂（有效氯含量约800 mg/L、2 h）等常规灭菌方法抵抗力明显降低,并能被有效杀灭和灭活,相对有效杀灭率分别达98.4%、98.9%及99.1%,有效杀灭率分别为88.3%、88.7%及88.9%,这对进一步研究芽孢杆菌属细菌的杀菌消毒条件具有重要参考意义。     

毒害艾美耳球虫配子体gam22基因的克隆与序列分析

提取毒害艾美耳球虫(En)配子体总RNA,应用RT-PCR进行gam22基因的克隆,测序后对其进行序列分析。结果表明,Engam22基因全长为713 bp,其中包含一个完整的开放阅读框,大小为561 bp,编码186个氨基酸,含有一个富含组氨酸和脯氨酸的特征性结构域;与柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Et)配子体Etgam22基因序列进行比对,同源性为97.7%。此配子体蛋白基因具有较高的保守性,可以作为抗球虫疫苗的候选基因。     

如东县鸡腿病病因的调查研究

本文对如东县４０个养鸡户的鸡腿病进行了门诊与跟踪调查。从传染病、营养代谢病及饲养管理三个方面对发病原因进行了初步的探讨。结果表明：营养缺乏和代谢紊乱（特别是钙、磷）是该县鸡腿病的主要原因，传染性腿病如疑似病毒性关节炎、禽脑脊髓炎、葡萄球菌性关节炎等也不容忽视。     

活猪携带猪瘟病毒检测方法比较

对2个猪场的母猪血清、扁桃体、全血样品和公猪精液分别应用荧光抗体染色法、RT-PCR、CS-FV抗原ELISA、CSFV糖蛋白Erns ELISA 4种方法进行CSFV对应检测和比较。结果显示,荧光抗体染色法检出率最高,但与其他3种方法存在较大差异,RT-PCR方法检出率和重复性次之;猪瘟抗原ELISA方法检出率第3,重复性第1;CSFV糖蛋白Erns检出率和重复性均最低,但可筛选是否感染猪瘟病毒野毒。在母猪3种样品中扁桃体的检出率最高,全血样品次之,血清检出率最低。4种样品中公猪精液重复性最好,其次是母猪全血样品,母猪扁桃体第3;母猪血清样品最差。     

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of Quebec isolates associated with acute and chronic outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

Cytolytic and noncytolytic strains of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were isolated in primary cultures of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) from lung homogenates of stillborn fetuses or blood samples of dyspneic piglets collected from Quebec pig farms having experienced acute or chronic outbreaks of PRRS. Serological identification of the virus was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and indirect protein A-gold immunoelectron microscopy using reference antiserum prepared from experimentally-infected specific pathogen free (SPF) piglets and monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against the p15 nucleocapsid (N) protein of the reference ATCC-VR2332 isolate. Intracytoplasmic enveloped viral particles that tended to accumulate into cytoplasmic vesicles were observed in the infected PAM; no budding was demonstrated at the level of the cytoplasmic membrane. The extracellular virions appeared as pleomorphic but mostly spherical enveloped particles, 50-72 nm in diameter (averaged diameter of 50 particles was 58.3 nm), with an isometric core about 25-30 nm. Buoyant density of the virus in CsCL density gradients was estimated to 1.18-1.20 g/mL. No hemagglutinating activity was demonstrated. Analysis of semipurified virions of isolate IAF-exp91 by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) and Western immunoblotting experiments, using reference rabbit and porcine hyperimmune sera, revealed four major viral proteins, a predominant 15 kD N protein and three other proteins with predicted M(r_ of 19, 26 and 42 kD. Progeny viral particles produced in PRRSV-infected PAM in the presence of tunicamycin lacked the 42 kD protein, thus confirming its N-glycosylated nature. Immunoprecipitation experiments using the anti-ATCC-VR2332 MoAbs confirmed the close antigenic relationships between Quebec and American reference isolates of PRRSV.     

昌潍白猪内分泌腺的生长发育规律

系统研究了1～8月龄昌潍白猪(192头)内分泌腺的性状指标,并由此得出了其内分泌腺的生长发育规律及其与体重变化的回归方程.结果表明,肾上腺在1～3、5～6月龄生长速度最快(P＜0.01);甲状腺在1～8月龄有2个生长高峰期,即4月龄和6月龄;胸腺的生长高峰期集中于3～4月龄(P＜0.01),颈部胸腺在1～3月龄生长速度显著快于胸部胸腺,胸部胸腺左侧生长发育明显快于右侧;脑垂体在2～6月龄生长速度较快.肾上腺、甲状腺、胸腺、脑垂体随体重变化的回归方程分别是y=0.019 9x+0.801 6(r=0.975 9,P＜0.01);y=0.163 4x+1.286 8(r=0.976 1,P＜0.01);y=1.760 8x+26.995 0(r=0.946 2,P＜0.01);y=0.002 4x+0.062 0(r=0.908 3,P＜0.01).     

法氏囊超滤液提高仔猪日增重作用的研究

用法氏囊超滤液 (相对分子质量为 1 0 0 0以下 )以不同剂量分 2次间隔 2周免疫断乳仔猪 ,比较各试验组与对照组在日增重、料重比方面的差异。结果表明 :免疫组猪的饲料转化率、日增重显著高于对照组。此外 ,低剂量组 (1mg/头 ,2 5mg/头 )的日增重明显高于高剂量组(5mg/头 ,2 5mg/头 ) ,但料重比则明显低于高剂量组。免疫剂量为 2 5mg/头时 ,促进仔猪生长发育的效果最明显。