玫红百合为亲本育成百合种间杂种

玫红百合(Lilium amoenum Wilson ex Sealy)是起源于中国的珍稀百合。本试验以王百合和麝香百合为母本与玫红百合进行了种间杂交。以花柱内授粉和幼胚离体培养法得到了王百合×玫红百合杂种F_1和麝香百合×玫红百合杂种F_1。通过染色体组型分析确认了杂种的真实性。杂种王百合×玫红百合杂种F_1花朵为粉红色、株矮,可供盆栽,花粉不育。麝香百合×玫红百合杂种F_1花色淡粉红,诱导成多倍体后花粉可育,可作为进一步杂交的亲本。     

ANSWER模型评估新疆咸水灌溉棉花产量与效益

利用咸水或微咸水进行农田灌溉是缓解中国新疆地区农业水资源供需矛盾从而保障当地棉花产业可持续发展的主要途径之一。为了明确不同咸水灌溉措施对棉花产量及经济效益的影响,该研究通过2 a的棉花膜下滴灌大田试验和文献检索获取了新疆9个不同试验地点的土壤、作物及灌溉等数据资料,评估作物产量-水盐胁迫响应分析模型（ANalytical Salt WatER,ANSWER）在新疆棉花产量评估中的适用性和可靠性,并结合经济收支平衡方法,模拟分析不同咸水灌溉措施（包括不同灌溉定额和灌溉水电导率的组合）对棉花产量与经济效益的影响。采用决定系数（R2）、均方根误差（root mean squared error,RMSE）、相对均方根误差（relative root mean squared error,RRMSE）评价模型精度。结果表明,在9个不同试验地点,ANSWER模型均可较准确地估算棉花的相对产量,其估算值与实测值之间的R2≥0.54,RMSE≤0.14,RRMSE≤0.16;不同试验地点,优化获得的各个模型生物参数（与棉花根系吸水的水盐胁迫响应相关的参数）差异较小,变异系数的绝对值处于0.08～0.37之间;基于不同试验地点优化的各生物参数均值估算各地的棉花相对产量,其与实测值仍然吻合良好（R2 为0.59,RMSE为 0.06,RRMSE为 0.07）;此外,当灌溉水电导率一定时,棉花净收益随灌溉定额增加呈先增后降的趋势,净收益达到峰值所需的灌溉定额随灌溉水电导率升高而迅速增加;当灌溉水电导率不大于10 dS/m时,通过加大供水量均可获得与淡水灌溉相当的净收益。研究可为新疆地区棉花产量与效益评估以及咸水资源合理开发利用提供理论依据。     

ELISA测定"瘦肉精"常见误差分析及对策

盐酸克伦特罗俗称"瘦肉精",为我国兴奋剂目录中列出的蛋白同化制剂类化学物质,我中心从2003年起使用德国拜发公司提供的快速检测试剂盒检测近30000份样品,对检测过程中常见误差进行归类与统计,现表述如下:     

Analysis of petal anthocyanins to investigate coloration mechanism in herbaceous peony cultivars

Petal coloration and anthocyanin compositions of 41 herbaceous peony cultivars were analyzed. Anthocyanins were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI-MSⁿ) coupled with photodiode array detection (DAD). Peonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pn3G5G), pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pg3G5G), cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Cy3G5G), peonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pn3G), and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) were the five major anthocyanins in herbaceous peony cultivars. Deep purple or reddish purple cultivars contained 4–5 anthocyanins, whereas pink cultivars only contained Cy3G5G and Pn3G5G, and their contents were much lower than those of purple cultivars. According to the chemical structures of three anthocyanidins in association with petal coloration, flowers were classified into three phenotypes: 1. “Pn, Cy, and Pg” (all purple flowers including two pink flowers); 2. “Pn, Cy” (pink flowers); 3 “Pn” (light pink and white flowers). The coloration mechanisms of cultivars with the pink and purple flowers were quite different. Correlations between lightness (L*) and chroma (C*), chromatic component a* and total anthocyanins (TA) value, a* and co-pigmentation index (CI) showed opposite tendencies, whereas L* and TA showed the same tendency in each group. High contents of Pn3G5G and Pg3G5G may responsible for the purple coloration of herbaceous peony cultivars.     

优质甜橙新品种‘津香橙’

 ‘津香橙’是由‘梨橙’（母本）与‘强德勒红心柚’（父本）杂交培育出的优质无核甜橙新品种。果实近圆球形,单果质量150 ~ 160 g,种子数0.6粒以下;果面光滑,深橙色,油胞细密;果肉细嫩化渣,酸甜适中,风味浓郁,可溶性固形物含量13.1%,总酸9.6 mg · mL^-1,总糖102.6 mg · mL^-1,维生素C含量468 mg · L^-1,可食率70.7%,出汁率57.3%。树势强健,丰产性好,在10年‘梨橙’中间砧上高接换头第3年株产达到40.58 kg。成熟期在11月下旬。适宜重庆及相似生态区年均温17.5 ℃以上区域种植。     

Roles of the Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 potassium channels in hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction

AIM: To determine the role of Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 in the hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normoxic group and hypoxic group. The single smooth muscle cell was obtained from pulmonary artery of Wistar rats with acute enzymatic digestion method. The conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the resting membrane potential (Em) and the potassium currents of voltage-gated potassium channel (IKv) in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Intracellular application of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies (1∶125) was conducted through the whole-cell patch clamp system. RESULTS: ① Em of PASMC was depolarized after 24 h hypoxia compared with that of control cells . IKv of PASMC was decreased after 24 h hypoxia, . ② The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies depolarized Em and inhibited IKv in PASMC from normoxic rat, whereas the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on them. ③ The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies and the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on IKv and Em from rats hypoxic for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 might be oxygen sensitive potassium channels which mediated HPV.     

三种生物质炭复合基质对番茄育苗效果的影响

以3种生物质炭(稻壳炭、竹炭、杉木炭)和常用基质(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=6∶3∶1)为试材,研究了不同配比生物质炭复合基质对番茄育苗效果的影响。结果表明:添加生物质炭能改善普通基质的理化性状,降低其容重和总孔隙度,提高pH值和EC值;不同配比生物质炭复合基质能促进番茄提早出苗,提高其幼苗的株高、茎粗、地上鲜/干重、地下鲜/干重,促进番茄增产;使用生物质炭复合基质培育的番茄幼苗叶绿素含量和根系活力显著降低,但壮苗指数显著提高。该试验选取的3种生物质炭均能替代草炭满足番茄穴盘育苗的基质要求,其中尤以稻壳炭33%+常用基质67%处理最优。     

Wnt signaling pathway is involved in catalpol-induced proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AIM：To investigate the changes of Wnt signaling pathway in catalpol-induced proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS：The BMSCs were isolated from SD rats, purified by differential time adherent method and divided into control group and catalpol (1.0 mg/L) group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proliferation index of BMSCs. The mRNA levels of Wnt3a, Wnt5a, Wnt11 and β-catenin was evaluated by real-time PCR. In addition, the protein expression level of β-catenin was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS：Prolife-ration index was increased from 8.90%±0.46% to 17.93%±1.68% after treatment with catalpol (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the mRNA expression of Wnt5a, Wnt11 and β-catenin was all increased with catalpol treatment. No difference of Wnt3a mRNA expression between control group and catalpol group was observed. Meanwhile, the protein expression of β-catenin was increased in catalpol group compared with control group. CONCLUSION：Catalpol promotes BMSCs going into the cell cycle. Classical and non-classical Wnt signaling pathways are activated in this process.     

南瓜新品种龙园栗香的选育

龙园栗香南瓜是从日本和韩国引进品种中 ,经分离选育的自交系 93- 12 - 8和 93- 9- 7配制的早熟南瓜一代杂种 ,果实扁圆形 ,果皮墨绿色 ,覆白绿色点条斑纹 ,平均单瓜质量 2 .0kg ,果肉桔黄色 ,可食率达 80% ,肉质香面适口、品质佳。从播种至采收 80d(天 )左右 ,较抗白粉病和病毒病 ,平均产量逾 5 0 0 0 0kg·hm-2 。