牛粪最大甲烷生产能力及其发酵过程实验研究

采用自制序批式厌氧发酵实验装置对某奶牛场牛粪最大甲烷生产能力及其发酵过程进行研究.实验分为对照组和实验组,每组平行设置三个重复,在35℃恒温条件下厌氧发酵26天,期间对各发酵系统的产气量以及发酵液的pH,氨氮(NH4+-N),化学需氧量(COD)等指标进行连续监测.根据产气量情况,计算得出实验牛场牛粪的VS最大甲烷生产能力为0.139 m3CH4·kg-1.通过对发酵液各项指标的监测,发现实验组发酵液pH值在实验后期升高到7.7 ～7.9,氨氮浓度的最大值为582.16 mg·L-1,COD平均去除率为61.58％.研究中还对发酵液各项监测指标的变化趋势以及相互关系进行了深入分析.     

联合收获机原地转向变速器设计

为提高联合收获机的机动性和工作效率,设计了由湿式摩擦片离合器传递反转动力的原地转向行走变速器并进行试验研究。结果表明:正、反转动力转换柔和传递可靠,理论转向半径为零;与传统单边制动转向机构相比,作相同角度转向时,转向行程比后者下降了50%,转向功耗比后者下降41.43%,并减轻了对田间地表的破坏。原地转向技术的应用,可减少田间作业空行程,提高机器机动性,从而提高了联合收获机的整机技术水平。     

施钾量对晋南旱地冬小麦的影响

通过2008—2010年大田试验,研究了不同施钾量对晋南雨养区冬小麦生育期光合生理特性、产量构成和钾素利用率的影响。结果表明,施钾可显著促进旱地小麦灌浆期旗叶光合作用,提高生育期旗叶硝酸还原酶(NR)活性,降低脯氨酸(Pro)质量分数和丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度,进而显著增加产量。但施钾量(K2O)在75～225kg/hm2范围内时,小麦旗叶光合生理指标及产量均无显著变化。钾肥利用率随施钾量的增加而显著降低,以施钾(K2O)75kg/hm2最高。综合考虑光合生理特性、产量及钾素利用率,当地旱作冬小麦施钾量以75kg/hm2左右为宜。     

水稻新品种盐粳68的评价与利用

盐粳68是辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所于2003年通过辽宁省品种审定委员会审定的高产优质水稻品种。该品种较辽宁省水稻主栽品种辽粳294株型好、产量高,生产中平均产量650kg/667m2,较对照增产10%以上。具有米质优、抗病性强等特点。在生产上极具推广潜力,在水稻育种上展示出较大利用价值。     

叠氮化钠对油葵M_1生物学效应的研究

用０．０００５、０．００１、０．００３、０．００５、０．００７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１浓度的ＮａＮ３诱发油用向日葵突变。结果表明，油葵Ｍ１的发芽率、出苗率和幼苗高度均随ＮａＮ３浓度的提高而降低。ＮａＮ３诱发向日葵的适宜浓度为近于或略高于０．００７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，高于诱发禾本科作物突变的适宜浓度。     

Production of 8-prenylnaringenin from isoxanthohumol through biotransformation by fungi cells

8-Prenylnaringenin (8PN), which presents in hop, enjoys fame as the most potential phytoestrogen. Although a number of health effects are attributed to 8PN, few reports are available about the production of it. In this work, screening of fungi to efficiently transform isoxanthohumol (IXN) into 8PN was designed. The biotransformation of IXN was significantly observed in Eupenicillium javanicum, Cunninghamella blakesleana, and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under five kinds of transformation conditions. As a comparative result of IXN transformation, E. javanicum was the optimal biocatalyst to produce 8PN. Transformation caused by growing precultured fungal mycelia, a process designated as G2, was a favorable condition for IXN transformation in view of the yield of 8PN. The possible transformation pathway of 8PN bioproduction is postulated in this work. The construction of fungus and transformation mode derived from the current work is viable and an alternative procedure for 8PN formation.     

Pharmacokinetics of oral ivabradine in healthy cats

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analytical method for the measurement of the novel heart rate-lowering drug ivabradine and its major metabolite, S-18982, was cross-validated in the plasma of eight healthy cats. Plasma concentrations were then determined after single and repeated oral administration of ivabradine. Individual plasma concentrations versus time from each cat were used in compartmental analysis using the commercially available software WinNonlin. Both ivabradine and S-18982 reached their maximum concentrations of 103.33 and 3.86 ng/mL within 1 h. Following repeated administration, areas under the plasma concentration-time curves for ivabradine and S-18982 did not significantly increase. Two-compartmental and one-compartmental models with first-order input and elimination provided the best fit to the data for ivabradine and S-18982, respectively. Both models were combined to produce a single 4-compartment model characterizing ivabradine and S-18982 pharmacokinetics. The results of this study indicate that repeated oral doses of ivabradine produced plasma drug concentrations suitable for 12-h dosing intervals in healthy cats. Furthermore, the analytical assay and combined ivabradine/S-18982 model provide tools for further evaluation of ivabradine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in future studies in cats.     

自动基流分割法在黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区典型流域适用性分析

黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区生态环境脆弱,河川基流量的多少及其变化对维持该区生态系统健康具有重要意义.利用黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区窟野河流域多年实测径流资料,研究国内外常用的滑动最小值法、HYSEP法和数字滤波法3类共8种自动基流分割方法在该研究区的适用性.结果表明:1)8种方法所得年均基流指数差异较.大,最大为0.651 5...     

追氮和垄膜沟播种植对晋南旱地冬小麦氮素利用的影响

在自然降水条件下,通过2年大田试验研究了追氮、垄膜沟播种植对晋南旱地冬小麦生育期地上部氮素吸收累积,02 m土层氮素残留、损失及氮肥利用率和氮素平衡的影响。结果表明: 追氮和垄膜沟播种植均可显著提高旱地冬小麦地上部氮素累积量和氮肥利用率,苗期和返青至抽穗期是冬小麦氮素吸收累积的两个高峰期,分别占到最大累积量的20%46%和29%57%。追施氮的利用率高于基施氮的利用率; 随施氮量增加,土壤残留无机氮（Nmin）增加,主要集中在060 cm土层,2040 cm土层为硝态氮积累的峰值区,垄膜沟播种植可以减少土壤残留无机氮（Nmin）,但增加了氮的表观损失量; 冬小麦生长季土壤氮输出以表观损失为主,氮肥表观损失率在4087%7629%之间,且主要发生在播前至返青期。本试验条件下,综合氮素吸收累积、土壤残留、氮肥利用率及氮素平衡等因素,旱地冬小麦应采取氮肥后移顶凌追施和垄膜沟播相配套的种植方式。     

关于单片机的水温恒温模糊控制系统设计

本文旨在设计基于单片机的水温恒温模糊控制系统,采用18B20温度传感器采集水温,温度值通过三乘三键盘进行设定,比较温度设定值与检测值,输入信号为加热时间和温度偏差值,输出量为不同温度调节器的工作状态,通过模糊控制算法实现水温恒温的自动控制。