福建省油茶林主要传粉昆虫种类及访花行为

对福建省福州、泉州、龙岩、南平、宁德等地油茶林传粉昆虫及其访花行为进行了调查,结果表明:福建省油茶林中主要传粉昆虫有24种,分属于3目11科17属,其中膜翅目的昆虫种类最多,有11种;大分舌蜂是油茶最重要的传粉昆虫,其数量多,传粉效率高;传粉昆虫日活动时间在12∶00—14∶30出现高峰,昆虫个体数量平均占全天总数的70%左右;油茶传粉昆虫的访花行为因昆虫的访花目的不同而有较大差异,温度和光照是影响传粉昆虫数量、行为和频率的主要因素。     

应用不同国家标准对结构胶合板胶合强度检测的比较研究

胶合强度和木破率是评价结构用胶合板胶合性能的重要指标,而中、日、美三国结构用胶合板标准要求的胶合强度测试试件在开槽深度及试件长度上存在差别。为研究不同国家标准要求对结构胶合板胶合性能测试结果的影响,笔者进行了实验,结果表明,槽口深度对结构胶合板胶合强度测试结果的影响极显著,而试件长度对其影响不显著。且美国结构用胶合板标准对胶合强度要求相对中、日两国标准高。     

大型渡槽槽身施工技术进展

阐述我国大型渡槽槽身施工技术的若干最新进展，并探讨了大型梁式渡槽槽身施工中的支撑浇筑系统、伸缩缝止水、预应力张拉等问题，提出大型渡槽槽身施工中支撑系统、施工方法、预应力张拉次序的选择，可供实际工程施工借鉴。     

生态经济林经营模式

在我国丘陵山区开展以经济林为骨干项目的多种经营,是繁荣农村经济的一项战略措施。生态经济林业就是遵循自然规律和经济规律,按照生态学和生态经济学的原理,运用系统理论与系统工程的方法,组织经济林生产建设事业。它的任务是为制定经济林生产发展战略规划:为经济林栽培经营提供指导理论和方法。生态经济林的实施主要是通过区划和规划。生态经济林经营模式,有网络结构模式和立体经营模式之分。前者是一个地域生态系统的整体结构中,经济林作为一个子系统的位置,后者是具体林分结构的立体经营模式,两者是相关联的。     

不同来源绿僵菌对油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫的致病力比较

油桐鹰尺蠖Biston suppressaria (Guenée) 是一种杂食性食叶害虫,近年来在速生桉树林分中大 面积发生,造成较大的损失。文中研究了不同来源金龟子绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae 菌株生长与产孢 特性及对油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫的致病力,旨在筛选出高效防治该虫的生物资源。试验结果表明：不同来源的 绿僵菌菌株间菌落生长速度和产孢量差异显著,MaZPTR-01 菌株15 d 的菌落直径为6.5 cm,显著较其它 菌株大;MaFZ-13 和MaZPTR-01 菌株培养15 d 产孢量最高,分别为1.33×108 孢子· cm-2 和1.28×108 孢 子· cm-2。致病力测定结果表明：不同菌株对油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫的致病力存在显著差异,其中接种MaFZ-13 和MaZPTR-01 菌株的幼虫校正死亡率、僵虫率均较其它菌株高,接种后15 d 幼虫校正死亡率分别达到 94.5%、92.7%,僵虫率分别为75%、61.7%;这2 个菌株的致死中时（LT50）显著比其它菌株短,分别为 4.34 和4.52 d。绿僵菌MaFZ-13 和MaZPTR-01 菌株对油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫的致病力强,且具有良好的生产性 状,可作为该虫的生物防治资源进一步开发应用。     

黏红酵母发酵降解豆粕粉研究

以豆粕粉为原料。筛选优良微生物为发酵菌株进行发酵,将豆粕中大分子蛋白降解成小分子肽。通过双缩脲法测定小肽含量,并以其为指标对发酵条件进行优化。结果表明：以黏红酵母为发酵菌株,在豆粕粉6％,氯化钠0．3％,葡萄糖2％的液体发酵培养基中接种7％菌龄为18h的液体种子,于30℃、220r／min条件下,摇瓶发酵48h,发酵液中小肽含量达56．96％．比优化前提高了36．09％。     

扎布耶盐山羊大肠杆菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

为掌握西藏自治区仲巴县帕江乡扎布耶盐山羊的发病情况,采集发病羊的粪便、血液、肝脏、脾脏、胸腔、腹腔和心包腔内蓄积的浆液性纤维性渗出物等进行病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验。经病原菌分离鉴定,该地区扎布耶盐山羊羔羊感染的病原菌为大肠杆菌,检出率为97.14%(34/35);药敏试验结果表明,该研究分离得到的大肠杆菌对头孢唑林、青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢他啶、氟苯尼考、头孢拉啶6种药物高度敏感。该调查研究为仲巴县帕江乡扎布耶盐山羊大肠杆菌病的防治提供了诊断方法和用药方案。     

Study on Nutritional Characteristics of Cottonseed Hull as a Feed of Sheep

In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.     

对内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原全球第1148号国际重要湿地的展望

The Taolimiao-Alashan Nur(T-A Nur),of about 10km2 a brackish lake located on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia,northern China,used to be not only supporting the largest breeding colony of the Relict Gull(Larus relictus)but also being a very good sample of the carrying capacity of a semi-desert wetland locality for those waterbirds,both breeders and migrating vagrants,of the region,and,therefore,the T-A Nur was recognized,in 2002,the No.1148 Ramsar Site of the world.