湖南省山羊脑多头蚴的线粒体nad1和nad4基因的序列测定及种系发育分析

本研究旨在阐明脑多头蚴湖南分离株线粒体烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸( NADH)脱氢酶亚单位1基因(nad1)部分序列(pnad1)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)脱氢酶亚单位4基因(nad4)部分序列(pnad4)的遗传变异情况,并用pnad1和pnad4序列重构脑多头蚴与其它带科绦虫的种群遗传关系.利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增脑多头蚴的pnad1和pnad4,应用ClustalX 1.81程序对序列进行比对,再用Phylip3.67程序MP法和Mage4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle5.2程序构建最大似然树,同时利用DNAstar5.0中的Megalign程序进行同源性分析.结果显示所获得的pnad1和pnad4序列长度分别均为666和887 bp,湖南分离株与已知多头带绦虫位于同一分枝.由于脑多头蚴pnad1和pnad4序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故均可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记,从而为脑多头蚴的分子流行病学和其相关疾病的诊断奠定基础.     

扎布耶盐山羊大肠杆菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

为掌握西藏自治区仲巴县帕江乡扎布耶盐山羊的发病情况,采集发病羊的粪便、血液、肝脏、脾脏、胸腔、腹腔和心包腔内蓄积的浆液性纤维性渗出物等进行病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验。经病原菌分离鉴定,该地区扎布耶盐山羊羔羊感染的病原菌为大肠杆菌,检出率为97.14%(34/35);药敏试验结果表明,该研究分离得到的大肠杆菌对头孢唑林、青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢他啶、氟苯尼考、头孢拉啶6种药物高度敏感。该调查研究为仲巴县帕江乡扎布耶盐山羊大肠杆菌病的防治提供了诊断方法和用药方案。     

人雄激素受体的雄激素结合区cDNA在E.coli中的高效表达

将编码人雄激素受体（ｈＡＲ）的雄素结合区（ＬＢＤ）的ｃＤＮＡ片段（１００５ｂｐ）克隆到由Ｐ１启动子控制的硫氧还蛋白表达载体ｐＴｒｘＦｕｓ上,构建了表达质粒ｐＴｒｘＡＲ,并转化到大肠杆菌Ｇ１７２４中,经色氨酸诱导表达后,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,可观察到一高效表达的融合蛋白产物,此融合蛋白 分子了量与理论值相吻合,氨基酸组分分析证明了ＬＢＤ目的基因的表达。     

实验猴间日疟原虫感染的血清学调查

为了解实验猴间日疟原虫感染的基本情况,为猕猴属动物或其他非人类灵长类实验动物间日疟原虫病的防治提供参考。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)的检测方法,对采自云南昆明某灵长类研究中心的3种实验猴(恒河猴、豚尾猴、食蟹猴)的血清样品进行间日疟原虫抗原检测。结果,3种实验猴的间日疟原虫血清阳性率平均为1. 62%,其中,豚尾猴的血清阳性率最高为5. 62%,其次恒河猴的血清阳性率为0. 94%,食蟹猴的血清阳性率为0%,3种实验猴的血清阳性率有显著差异(P=0. 004 <0. 05);从性别分析,公猴(2. 89%)和母猴(0. 94%)的血清阳性率之间无显著差异(P=0. 101> 0. 05);从年龄分析,青年猴(≤4岁)血清阳性率为3. 07%,成年猴(> 4岁)血清阳性率为0%,也存在显著性差异(P=0. 007 <0. 05)。从回归分析结果来看,品种因素是引起实验猴感染间日疟原虫的主要风险因子(P=0. 004 <0. 05)。结果表明,该灵长类研究中心的实验猴存在间日疟原虫感染,带虫猴会成为潜在的内部感染源。饲养人员需要加强对实验猴的饲养管理及间日疟原虫的防治工作,提高实验猴质量。     

两种高羊茅的比较试验

2000～2002年阳坪种牛场开展了长江一号与fawn高羊茅(美国引进品种)的比较试验,试验结果表明,长江一号高羊茅适应性好,植株分蘖数多,生长速度快,再生能力强,耐刈割,四季青绿,适口性较好,是四川省盆地和丘陵地区理想的禾本科栽培牧草品种。     

不同施肥方法在不同氮肥条件下应用比较

实验对叶龄诊断技术施肥法和常规施肥法的不同施肥量的产量进行比较试验,结果表明:叶龄诊断法施用氮肥比常规施肥法增产3.7%,叶龄诊断施肥方法能够较科学合理的根据水稻叶龄需肥量施肥,有效提高氮肥利用率,减少对环境污染。     

农地整理项目水资源平衡分析方法研究

以山西省繁峙县大营镇基本农田整理项目为典型案例,根据区域气候、水文地质及农业灌溉条件,定量分析了项目区地表水资源、地下水资源量可利用量以及农业灌溉需水和生活需水量,着重探讨一种适合我国北方地表水资源缺乏地区农地整理项目的水资源平衡分析方法,为类似农地整理项目区水资源平衡分析提供一种参考模式。     

贵州省稻瘟病菌对稻瘟灵的抗药性监测

为了明确贵州省稻瘟病菌对稻瘟灵的抗药性。利用菌丝生长速率法,测定贵州省9个不同地区171个水稻稻瘟病菌单孢菌株对稻瘟灵的抗药性。结果表明：稻瘟病菌各菌株对稻瘟灵的敏感性呈连续性分布,最小EC₅₀与最大EC₅₀分别为1.36 mg/L和13.06 mg/L;各地区平均EC₅₀值为4.79～6.62 mg/L;最低抗性水平为0.2,最高抗性水平为1.92,相差9.6倍,平均抗性水平为0.7～0.97。贵州省稻瘟病菌对稻瘟灵的抗药性仍然处于敏感或低抗水平,目前可继续将稻瘟灵作为防治水稻稻瘟病的主要药剂。     

Study on Nutritional Characteristics of Cottonseed Hull as a Feed of Sheep

In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.