基于可持续发展观的贵州乡村旅游发展模式构建

从社会经济、文化、生态3方面分析了贵州省乡村旅游发展的外部环境,并在可持续发展观的基础上,构建贵州省乡村旅游可持续发展的模式。     

马齿苋水提物对热应激小鼠空肠结构及吸收功能的影响

旨在探讨马齿苋水提物（aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea L.）对热应激小鼠空肠结构及吸收功能的影响。将40只昆明种小鼠随机分为4组（n=10）：空白对照组（C）、热应激组（HS）、马齿苋水提物组（AEP）、维生素C组（Vc）,HS、AEP和Vc组每天于（40±1）℃环境下处理0.5 h,连续热应激6 d后将小鼠转置于室温下给药治疗。给药7 d后眶窦采血,并采集小鼠空肠;测定小鼠血清中D-木糖、葡萄糖含量;HE染色观察空肠组织病理学变化;qRT-PCR法检测空肠黏膜ZO-1、SGLT1及GLUT2 mRNA的相对转录水平。结果显示,与C组比较,HS组小鼠空肠黏膜绒毛高度极显著降低（P<0.01）;血清中D-木糖的含量极显著降低（P<0.01）;空肠黏膜中ZO-1、SGLT1和GLUT2 mRNA的相对转录水平均极显著降低（P<0.01）;与HS组相比,AEP组小鼠空肠绒毛高度极显著提高（P<0.01）;血清中D-木糖及葡萄糖的含量均显著升高（P<0.01或P<0.05）;空肠黏膜中ZO-1、SGLT1和GLUT2 mRNA的相对转录水平均显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。高温处理可导致小鼠空肠黏膜脱落及吸收功能下降,而在给予马齿苋水提物治疗后可通过提高空肠ZO-1 mRNA表达量修复空肠黏膜结构,通过促进空肠黏膜SGLT1和GLUT2 mRNA的转录量改善吸收功能。马齿苋水提物能在一定程度上修复热应激导致小鼠空肠黏膜结构损伤,改善热应激小鼠肠道的吸收能力。     

利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植的实践与思考

为了探索出一种独具特色的马铃薯规范化、规模化种植模式,基于利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植基地建设情况,结合利川市实际情况,按照优质高效、农旅融合的农业高质量发展要求,对推进马铃薯规模化种植的经验进行总结,提出加强科技支撑、优化发展模式、做好新型职业农民培训、创新管理模式、强化品牌效应的建议。     

基于水蒸气蒸馏法提取橙子皮柠檬烯的影响因素研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏的方法提取橙子皮中的柠檬烯,研究加水量、物料粒度、添加助剂等因素对柠檬烯提取产率的影响。结果表明:将橙皮粉碎后加入4mL/g、添加助剂氯化钠的柠檬烯产率最好;采用旋转蒸发可以克服水蒸气蒸馏提取试验过程装置变换繁琐、加热不易控制、不能连续添加自来水等繁琐步骤。     

Dynamic expression of thioredoxin 2 in myocardial mitochondria in selenium-deficiency rats during myocardial injury

AIM: To investigate the dynamic expression of thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) protein in the myocardial mitochondria under the condition of selenium deficiency. METHODS: A model of selenium deficiency was made using two-week-old SD rats. When the rats were fed for 20 weeks, 30 weeks and 40 weeks, the cardiac functions were detected by carotid artery intubation. The myocardial mitochondria were also extracted, and the protein expression of mitochondrial Trx2 was measured by Western blotting. The method of immunohistochemistry was used to detect Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD,a death marker protein) for determining the apoptosis of myocardial cells. The correlation between Trx2 and left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise(+dp/dtmax) and apoptotic index of the myocardial cells was analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the corresponding period of normal control group, the expression of Trx2 protein in the selenium-deficiency rats was reduced. The expression of Trx2 protein was continuously reduced as the time of selenium deficiency prolonged. As the time of low-selenium feeding was going on, the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart were impaired, and the number of apoptotic myocardial cells was increased. The correlation analysis indicated that Trx2 had positive correlations with LVSP and +dp/dtmax, and had a negative correlation with the apoptotic index of myocardial cells. CONCLUSION: Selenium deficiency affects the expression of Trx2 protein,and causes impaired cardiac functions and the apoptosis of myocardial cells. Trx2 has a protective effect on myocardial cells.     

响应面法优化黄秋葵酸奶发酵工艺

以冷冻干燥的黄秋葵粉和鲜牛奶为主要原料,经乳酸菌发酵生产黄秋葵酸奶。以酸奶的持水率和感官评价为考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,利用响应曲面分析法,对黄秋葵酸奶生产工艺进行优化。结果表明:确定黄秋葵酸奶生产的最优工艺参数为黄秋葵粉添加量0.37%、接种量4.1%、发酵时间5.3 h和发酵温度41.8℃。在此条件下黄秋葵酸奶的综合评分为0.989 5,理论值0.999 1与试验值的相对偏差为0.97%。所制得的黄秋葵酸奶口感细腻、香气淡雅、风味独特,且基本理化指标符合国家标准。     

保鲜液对桃切花采后生理变化及保鲜效果的影响

以果桃'春光'切枝为试材,从桃切花瓶插过程中对水分平衡值的变化、瓶插寿命、鲜重变化率、开花率、细胞膜透性、还原性糖等生理特性的影响,研究了桃切花专用保鲜剂的保鲜效果,以期为开发桃切花生产上广泛应用提供参考.结果表明:不同组分的保鲜液对桃切花采后生理生化均有显著影响,2种保鲜剂均可不同程度地提高花瓣含水量,从而延长切花开放时间;提高桃切花在开放中还原糖含量,盛开期达到最大值,是CK的2.15倍,起到改善花瓣水分状况及延长切花瓶插时间的作用;有效地提高SOD活性功能,延缓蛋白质水解,提高花瓣的相对含水量,维持较高的细胞膜结构稳定性,从而延长切花瓶插寿命,增加了其观赏价值.     

Expression of IL-6 mRNA in endometrium with endometriosis

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between interleukin-6 mRNA expression and endometriosis. METHODS: Using the rat model, IL-6 mRNA expression in the endometrium was examined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression of IL-6 mRNA in control rats did not change at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after sham operation (P>0.05), but in model rats it gradually increased at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after endometriosis (P<0.01). The expression of IL-6 mRNA in uterine endometrium with endometriosis was lower than in endometriotic tissue, but higher than in endometrium from healthy controls. CONCLUSION: The IL-6 mRNA expression may contribute to the development of endometriosis . The increase in IL-6 mRNA expression may promote the implantation and growth of endometriotic tissue.     

秸秆对日光温室连作有机基质的修复效果

设施蔬菜连续栽培使有机基质地力严重下降,为维持有机基质的可持续栽培利用,向温室多
茬栽培后的连作有机基质中添加腐熟秸秆,研究了添加秸秆对连作有机基质的修复效果。结果表明：与不
添加秸秆的连作有机基质比较,添加秸秆使有机基质容重下降25.0%～30.4%,总孔隙度提高,有机质含
量增加,且有机质含量随着秸秆施入量的增加而增大;添加秸秆提高了基质中速效氮、速效磷、速效钾的
含量,其中以连作有机基质∶腐熟玉米秸秆=1 V∶2 V 的基质中全氮、全磷及速效氮、速效磷含量最高。
添加秸秆可使春季早晨基质地温提高0.80～1.50 ℃,但基质的含氧量明显降低,以连作有机基质∶腐熟小
麦秸秆=1 V∶2 V 的基质含氧量最低。连作有机基质中添加秸秆明显提高了黄瓜植株生长量、叶绿素含量
和根系活力,增加了产量,改善了果实品质,以连作有机基质∶腐熟小麦秸秆=1 V∶1 V 处理的黄瓜产量
增加最多,与对照相比增加20.87%。因此多茬栽培的连作有机基质中添加秸秆可以显著改善基质理化性质,
提高黄瓜产量。综合效果以连作有机基质∶小麦秸秆=1 V∶1 V 的处理进行黄瓜栽培效果最好。