物候期对放牧牦牛瘤胃液、牧草中脂肪酸及乳脂中共轭亚油酸组成的影响及其相关性分析

为研究牧草物候期对其脂肪酸组成和放牧牦牛乳中共轭亚油酸(CLA)含量的影响及其相关关系,本研究在甘肃省甘南牧区选取平均体重为(234.9±10.5)kg的10头带犊甘南牦牛作为研究对象(自然放牧),分别于牧草返青期、盛草期、枯草期采集试验牦牛采食牧草、乳和瘤胃液,分别测定瘤胃液、牧草中脂肪酸及乳脂中共轭亚油酸组成,并分...     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒神经氨酸酶基因的表达及纯化

参考GenBank上发表的H5亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)神经氨酸酶(NA)基因序列设计引物,PCR扩增NA基因,再将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a中,用E.coli BL21(DE3)原核表达,SDS-PAGE和Western-blot对表达蛋白进行鉴定.Western-blot结果表明,表达产物具有免疫学活性,蛋白的分子量约为61 kDa,位于包涵体中.包涵体经变性、复性处理,表达蛋白能与H5亚型AIV阳性血清发生特异性反应,具有良好的抗原性.ELISA检测结果表明,用此纯化蛋白作为包被抗原检测H5N1亚型AIV神经氨酸酶抗体具有良好的灵敏性.     

Effects of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte－endothelium adhesion

AIM:To investigate the effect of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte(PMN)-endothelium adhesion and adhesion molecules.METHODS:Based on the model of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), this study adopted Rose Bengal Stain, cell ELISA, immunocyto-chemical techniques to investigate the effect of berberine on PMN-endothelium adhesion and the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).RESULTS:Berberine inhibited IL-1, TNF-induced HUVEC adhesion for PMN when pretreated HUVEC and antagonised IL-1, TNF-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 on HUVEC. Meanwhile, TNF-stimulated PMN adhesion for HUVEC and CD18 upexpression on PMN was diminished in the presence of berberine.CONCLUSION: Inhibite PMN-endothelium adhesion by downregulating the CAMs expression to inhibite PMN migration across endothelium is one of the mechanisms of antiinflammation of berberine.     

Curcumin attenuates rat lung ischemia/reperfusion injury by interfering with autophagy

AIM To investigate the role of curcumin （CUR） in lung ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury （LIRI） and its relationship with autophagy. METHODS 40 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation （sham） group, I/R group, solvent （DMSO） group, CUR group and CUR+rapamycin （CUR-Rap） group. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, DMSO, CUR or CUR+Rap before operation. After the rat LIRI model was established, the lung tissues were taken to measure W/D, TLW, IAR, and the contents of SOD and MDA were also measured to indicate the oxidative stress level. Light and electron microscopes were used to observed the morphology and ultrastrucure of lung tissues. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins were determined by Western blot to evaluate autophagy levels. RESULTS Compared with sham group, wet weight/dry weight （W/D）, total lung water （TLW）, injured alveoli rate（IAR） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in all other groups were increased, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was decreased, the levels of autophagy were increased （P<0.05）, and lung tissue injury and cell ultrastructural damage were aggravated in CUR group. Compared with DMSO group, W/D, TLW and IAR and MDA content were decreased, SOD activity was decreased, autophagy levels were also decreased （P<0.05）, and lung tissue and cell ultrastructural damage were attenuated. Compared with CUR group, W/D, TLW, IAR and MDA content were increased, SOD activity declined, the autophagy levels were increased （P<0.05）, and damage of lung tissues and cells were more serious in CUR-Rap group. CONCLUSION Curcumin attenuates the lung I/R injury in rats, and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress and the inhibition of autophagy.     

植物秸秆纤维素物理化学改性及其吸附机理研究

采用植物秸秆为原料,借助高压蒸汽闪爆技术、稀碱蒸煮等方法得到具有一定α-纤维素含量的秸秆基纤维素,在此基础上进行碱化、醚化和胺基亲核取代反应,制备出对Cu^2＋和Cd^2＋等重金属离子具有优良吸附性能的乙二胺螯合植物秸秆纤维素,并对其吸附机理进行研究。结果表明,用蒸汽闪爆物理方法可以纯化天然植物秸秆纤维素,制备的吸附材料对金属铜离子、镉离子吸附规律基本符合Freundlish等温吸附式,其等温式中lgC系数分别为0.997和1.159。     

转基因抗虫棉数量性状的典型相关和主成分分析

运用典型相关和主成分分析方法,对转基因抗虫棉的13个数量性状进行了研究,结果表明:转基因抗虫棉的生育性状与产量性状间典型相关极显著,产量性状与品质性状间典型相关达显著水平,生育性状与品质性状间典型相关不显著。前5个主成分因子:产量因子、品质因子、子指铃重因子、早熟因子及伸长率因子可代表一个转基因抗虫棉品种的基本特征,它们的累计贡献率达87.23%。各性状间相互联系,相互影响。在转基因抗虫棉育种中,应注意各性状间的动态平衡,有利于育成优质高产抗虫棉品种。     

猪屎豆种质资源萌发期的耐旱性评价

为筛选耐旱性强的优异猪屎豆种质,本研究采用质量分数为15%的聚乙二醇（PEG-6000）溶液模拟干旱环境,以相对发芽势、相对发芽率、萌发耐旱指数、相对胚根长、相对苗高和活力指数作为评价指标,利用隶属函数法对228份猪屎豆种质资源的萌发期耐旱性进行综合评价。根据6个评价指标的平均隶属函数值将猪屎豆资源的耐旱性分为5个等级,其中耐旱等级为Ⅰ级的种质1份,来源于云南元江,平均隶属函数值为0.8;Ⅱ级种质13份,0.6≤平均隶属函数值<0.8;Ⅲ级种质105份,0.4≤平均隶属函数值<0.6;Ⅳ级种质105份,0.2≤平均隶属函数值<0.4;Ⅴ级种质4份,其平均隶属函数值小于0.2。     

77份文心兰种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析

对文心兰77份种质资源的28个表型性状进行测定与评价,通过相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析获得其表型遗传多样性。结果表明：21个数量性状的遗传多样性指数均值达1.85,变化区间为1.36~2.07,其中数值最大为株幅（2.07）;在7个质量形状中,除叶色性状外的其他表型性状的多样性指数均大于1,均值为1.23,最大表现为唇瓣颜色（1.79）。相关性分析结果表明数量性状之间关系复杂,大部分性状之间呈现显著或极显著的正相关。主成分分析筛选出4个特征值大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达74.079%,由蕊柱长、中萼宽、花枝长、花朵数量、侧萼长和宽、唇瓣宽7个表型特征向量组成。聚类分析表明,文心兰种质划分为5大类群,其中第Ⅰ类群的15个品种为小株型,适合作为办公室小盆花;第Ⅳ类群由30个品种组成,为农艺性状综合表现良好,较适合做鲜切花的品种。研究结果可为文心兰新品种的培育及杂交亲本的选择提供理论基础。     

辣椒秸秆复合基质对西瓜育苗质量的影响

为降低西瓜基质育苗生产成本,采用不同比例的辣椒秸秆与蛭石、珍珠岩进行复配,探讨其对西瓜幼苗形态建成及生理特性的影响,以明确最佳的草炭替代材料.试验设置L1(V辣椒秸秆:V蛭石:V珍珠岩=1:1:1)、L2(V辣椒秸秆:V蛭石:V珍珠岩=2:1:1)、L3(V辣椒秸秆:V蛭石:V珍珠岩=4:1:1)3个处理和对照CK(V...     

逆固相基质分散净化和气质联机检测土壤中的六氯苯残留

建立了逆固相基质分散净化和气质联机法(GC-MS)快速、简便测定土壤中六氯苯(HCB)残留量的方法。以丙酮-正己烷(1∶ 1,体积比)为提取剂,采用超声波萃取,经固相基质PSA(primary secondary amine)吸附净化后采用GC-MS选择离子模式检测。结果表明,六氯苯在0.05~5 mg/L浓度范围内呈现出较好的线性关系,相关系数R2=0.999 5; 方法检测限为0.3 μg/kg,定量限为0.9 μg/kg,在0.89、1.78、8.90 mg/kg 3个添加水平上的平均回收率分别为106.6％、108.2％和108.1％。用该方法测定了天津某生产厂厂区地下1~10 m深的土壤样本,发现六氯苯的残留量在2.3~25 912 mg/kg 之间,表现出显著的空间变异趋势。该方法快速、简便、经济、高效、实用并且安全,适合大批量样本中六氯苯的快速检测。