354拖拉机与1.5m旋耕机配套性能分析

通过动力特性分析,解决了拖拉机动力输出轴转速高,输出扭矩较小,不能克服土壤对旋耕机的阻力矩,无法正常作业的问题.     

姜田土壤特性对南方根结线虫密度的影响

对山东省姜田土壤特性与南方根结线虫密度进行了逐步回归和通径分析 ,同时进行了曲线拟合处理。表明 :土壤总空隙度 37.91%、有机质含量 3.16 %、有效磷含量 130 .6 9× 10 - 6 、有效铁含量 14 5 .93× 10 - 6 和有效锰含量 4 8.6 0× 10 - 6 时南方根结线虫密度最低 ,有效钾含量在 2 4 3.6 2× 10 - 6 时南方根结线虫密度最高。提出适当降低土壤总空隙度和有效钾含量 ,尽可能提高土壤中有机质、有效磷、有效铁和锰含量的土壤改良方案。     

农村小水电站机组增容改造的方法

我国在20世纪70年代兴建的小水电站已运行了几十年，随着新技术与新材料的应用，对老电站进行增容改造，提高电站的调峰能力是提高电站和县电网经济效益的关键措施之一。介绍了机组增容改造的方法和实际应用中应注意的问题。     

武汉南湖摇蚊幼虫中国新记录

本文记述了武汉南湖摇蚊幼虫中国新记录属、种。６个新记录种为美丽前突摇蚊Ｐｒｏｃｌａｄｉｕｓ （Ｐｓｉｌｏｔａｎｙｐｕｓ）ｂｅｌｌ－ｕｓ（Ｌｏｅｗ），毛突摇蚊Ｃｈａｅｔｏｃｌａｄｉｕｓ ｓｐ．，普隆蒂内曼摇蚊Ｔｈｉｅｎｅｍａｎｉｏｌａ ｐｌｏｅｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｋｉｅｆｆｅｒ，伸足凯氏摇蚊Ｋｉｅｆｆｅｒｕｌｕｓ ｔｅｎｄｉｐｅｄｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ Ｇｏｅｔｇｈｅｂｕｅｒ，微小摇蚊Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｈｉｒｏｎｏｍｕ     

The Microstructure,Antibacterial and Antitumor Activities of Chitosan Oligosaccharides and Derivatives

Chitosan obtained from abundant marine resources has been proven to have a variety of biological activities. However, due to its poor water solubility, chitosan application is limited, and the degradation products of chitosan oligosaccharides are better than chitosan regarding performance. Chitosan oligosaccharides have two kinds of active groups, amino and hydroxyl groups, which can form a variety of derivatives, and the properties of these derivatives can be further improved. In this review, the key structures of chitosan oligosaccharides and recent studies on chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives, including their synthesis methods, are described. Finally, the antimicrobial and antitumor applications of chitosan oligosaccharides and their derivatives are discussed.     

土池养殖南美白对虾合理密度研究简报

在土池养殖场环境下,分析对虾土池精养产量与合理养成密度的关系。以求更好发挥单位水体的生产效力,促进对虾养殖朝着更健康、更高效的方向发展。     

Artificial Diet Influences Population Growth of the Root Maggot Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae)

In order to investigate the effects of artificial diets on the population growth of root maggot Bradysia impatiens, its population growth parameters were assayed on eight artificial diets (Diet 1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, and D8). Results showed that developmental duration from egg to pupa was successfully completed on all eight artificial diets. However, the egg to pupal duration was shortest, while the survival rate of four insect stages was lowest when B. impatiens was reared on D1. When B. impatiens was reared on D7 and D8, the survival rate, female longevity, and female oviposition were higher than those reared on other diets. When B. impatiens was reared on D7, the intrinsic rate of increase (r_m = 0.19/d), net reproductive rate (R₀ = 39.88 offspring per individual), and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.21/d) were higher for its population growth with shorter generation time (T = 19.49 d) and doubling time (Dt = 3.67 d). The findings indicate that the D7 artificial diet is more appropriate for the biological parameters of B. impatiens and can be used an indoor breeding food for population expansion as well as further research. We propose that vitamin C supplement added to the D7 is critical for the improvement of the B. impatiens growth.     

Identifying and Characterizing a Novel Peritrophic Matrix Protein (MdPM-17) Associated With Antibacterial Response From the Housefly,Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Peritrophic matrix/membrane (PM) critically prevents the midgut of insects from external invasion by microbes. The proteins in the peritrophic membrane are its major structural components. Additionally, they determine the formation and function of this membrane. However, the role of PM proteins in immune regulation is unclear. Herein, we isolated a novel PM protein (MdPM-17) from Musca domestica larvae. Further, the function of MdPM-17 in regulating host innate immunity was identified. Results showed that the cDNA of MdPM-17 full is 635 bp in length. Moreover, it consists of a 477-bp open reading frame encoding 158 amino acid residues. These amino acid residues are composed of two Chitin-binding type-2 domain (ChtBD2) and 19 amino acids as a signal peptide. Moreover, tissue distribution analysis indicates that MdPM-17 was enriched expressed in midgut, and moderate levels in the fat body, foregut, and malpighian tubule. Notably, MdPM-17 recombinant protein showed high chitin-binding capacity, thus belongs to the Class III PM protein group. MdPM-17 protein silencing via RNA interference resulted in the expression of antimicrobial peptide (defensin, cecropins, and diptericin) genes, and this occurred after oral inoculation with exogenous microbes Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriales:Enterobacteriaceae), Staphylococcus aureus (Bacillales:Staphylococcaceae), and Candida albicans (Endomycetales:Saccharomycetaceae)). Therefore, all the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression levels are high in MdPM-17-depleted larvae during microbial infection compared to controls. Consequently, these findings indicate that MdPM-17 protein is associated with the antibacterial response from the housefly.     

一氧化碳(CO)在植物体内的生理生化作用研究进展

为了促进一氧化碳(CO)在植物生理生化方面的研究,本文归纳了CO在植物体中的生物合成途径,CO作为信号分子对植物各种生理功能的调控,以及CO与其他信号分子之间的相互作用。经过分析得出,CO在植物生物胁迫过程中的作用及其作用机制方面的研究还很少,因此,CO在这方面的研究将会成为今后的研究重点。     

重组酶聚合酶等温扩增技术在动物源性成分鉴定中的应用

在打击肉制品掺假走私、维护市场秩序、保护野生动物资源等方面,对动物源性成分鉴定技术的特异性、灵敏性、重复性提出了很高的要求。本文阐述了动物源性成分的检测鉴定技术,有多样性和局限性的特点。归纳了重组酶聚合酶恒等温扩增技术原理与应用,解决了PCR技术在仪器上的局限性,优化了早期恒温扩增技术的缺点。指出重组酶聚合酶恒等温扩增技术为动物源性成分的快速准确鉴定提供了坚实的技术基础,并在动物疫病诊断方面也有很好的应用前景。