基于语义分割的非结构化田间道路场景识别

环境信息感知是智能农业装备系统自主导航作业的关键技术之一.农业田间道路复杂多变,快速准确地识别可通行区域,辨析障碍物类别,可为农业装备系统高效安全地进行路径规划和决策控制提供依据.该研究以非结构化农业田间道路场景为研究对象,根据环境对象动、静态属性进行类别划分,提出一种基于通道注意力结合多尺度特征融合的轻量化语义分割模...     

部分蔷薇（Rosa multiflora）属植物的RAPD分析

蔷薇作为园林观赏植物,在中国城市绿化中应用较为广泛,但目前应用的蔷薇品种较为混杂,尚无系统研究。本研究采用RAPD技术对部分蔷薇属植物进行亲缘关系的分析,旨在进一步明确蔷薇种、品种,为引种育种以及材料选择提供参考。对蔷薇属植物的2个种、1个变种、20个品种进行了RAPD分析,16个引物对供试蔷薇材料PCR扩增获得175条谱带,其中多态性条带151条（86.3％）表现出丰富的遗传多态性。且不同花色系蔷薇属植物间的遗传多态性不同,白色系75.16％,粉红色系73.46％,黄色系37.50％。利用UPGMA法构建树状聚类图,蔷薇属植物的2个种、1个变种、20个品种在阂值为0.667处被分划为两大类群,这两大类群间的遗传距离较近,黄蔷薇与黄刺枚单独被划分为一个类群,与上述两类群间的遗传距离较远。聚类结果显示出了蔷薇的演化趋势：白色、单瓣是蔷薇较为原始的一个性状,花径大、重瓣性高是现代蔷薇栽培品种的性状,而部分粉红色半重瓣蔷薇则是从野生种到现代栽培品种的中间过渡类型。     

两段收获花生螺杆弯齿式轴流摘果装置设计与试验

针对现有花生摘果装置普遍存在的摘果损伤率高且易缠绕、堵塞和排秧困难等问题,以及满足我国两段式花生收获的捡拾联合收获机摘果装置研究需要,在研究两段式花生收获方式下花生植株性状与特点基础上,设计了一种螺杆弯齿式轴流全喂入花生摘果装置,摘果作业时,花生植株受螺杆、弯齿和凹板筛共同作用使花生荚果从花生茎秆上脱离,因螺杆有螺旋角、弯齿有倾角,花生植株沿摘果滚筒圆周运动的同时,受轴向分力作用排出机外,在保证高摘净率和低损伤率的同时避免植株在滚筒中缠绕和堵塞;对关键部件(螺杆、弯齿和凹板筛等)进行了设计与计算。以晾晒3~5 d的辽宁主栽花生品种花育30为试验材料,以弯齿与滚筒母线夹角、弯齿弯角和螺杆与滚筒母线夹角为试验因素,以摘净率和破碎率为试验指标,运用回归正交旋转试验方法,对样机进行了两段收获条件下的摘果性能试验;建立试验因素与试验指标之间的数学模型并进行响应面优化试验分析,结果表明:在弯齿与滚筒母线夹角为33°、弯齿弯角为60°和螺杆与滚筒母线夹角为23°时,花生摘果综合指标最优,花生摘净率为98.96%,花生破碎率为0.88%,均优于行业标准,满足实际生产要求。     

半主动油气悬架系统模糊控

以两自由度悬架模型为研究对象,针对半主动油气悬架系统,提出了以悬架动挠度为控制目标的模糊控制策略,并对系统进行仿真和实车道路试验.结果表明,采用模糊控制的半主动油气悬架在衰减车辆振动、提高车辆行驶平顺性方面优于传统被动油气悬架.     

苏州园林植竹造景史考

根据历史文献和实物资料,考证和探讨了苏州园林植竹造景的历史。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒姻台株gB基因的序列测定及其结构功能分析

研究以鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）烟台株为模板，PCIK扩增出1条约2．7的gB基因片段，并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中。序列测定显示，gB基因长2622bp，包含完的阅读框架。序列比较分析发现，烟台株和王岗株、河北株的班基因核苷酸序列与SA2株的比均在第89位上缺失1个碱基G，而在第102位核苷酸处插入1个碱基A，从而引起氨基酸序中第29-32位5个氨基酸的移码突变。烟台株还有另外7个碱基发生突变，使得其班基因与北株、王岗株、SA2疫苗株的gB基因核苷酸同源性分别为99．8％、99．7％和99．6％，氨基酸的同性分别为99．4％、99．4％、98．9％，表明不同ILTV毒株之间gB基因是非常保守的。划型相列河源     

根结线虫对寄生蛋白质含量的影响

用微量凯氏定氮法,对根结线虫（Ｍｅｌｏｉｄｏｇｙｎｅ ｉｎｃｏｇｎｉｔａ）的寄主番茄上的根结和同株上的健根以及健株的健根蛋白质测定表明：寄主在整个生长期间,根结内蛋白质含量在一定的时期内,显著高于同期同株健根,也高于同期相似部位的健株健根,且根结中蛋白质变化也都是由低到高再到低,即接种时间越长期蛋白质含量越多;同株根结与健株中的蛋白质含量的差值在寄主生长的前中期是逐渐拉大的,根结开始腐烂后,蛋白质     

Comparative Studies on the Characteristic Fatty Acid Profiles of Four Different Chinese Medicinal Sargassum Seaweeds by GC-MS and Chemometrics

Sargassum seaweeds produce abundant biomass in China and have long been used as herbal medicine and food. Their characteristic fatty acid (FA) profiles and related potential function in promoting cardiovascular health (CVH) have not been systematically investigated. In this study, FA profiles of four medicinal Sargassum were characterized using GC-MS. Principal component analysis was used to discriminate the four medicinal Sargassum, and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis was carried out between the two official species HAI ZAO and between the two folk medicine species HAI QIAN. In all of the algae investigated, the major SFA and MUFA were palmitic and stearic acid, respectively, while the major PUFAs were linoleic, arachidonic, and eicosapentaenoic acid. S. fusiforme and S. horneri had higher concentrations of PUFAs. With respect to CVH, all of the studied species, particularly S. fusiforme, exhibited satisfactory levels such as PUFA/SFA ratio and n-6/n-3 ratio. Each species possesses a unique FA profile and is discriminated clearly. Potential key FA markers (between the two Chinese official species, and between the two folk species) are assessed. The study provides characteristic fatty acid profiles of four Chinese medicinal Sargassum and their related potential function in promoting CVH.     

Development of peanut varieties with high oil content by in vitro mutagenesis and screening

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil crop globally and high oil content is one of the major targets in peanut breeding programs. Previous studies indicated that the osmotic pressure (OP) of the leaves of peanut plants subjected to drought stress was negatively correlated with kernel oil content. Based on this knowledge, we established a practical and reliable method for creating new peanut varieties with high oil content using in vitro mutagenesis and directional OP-based selection. Using embryonic leaflets of peanut variety Huayu 20 as explants, pingyangmycin (PYM) as the mutagen, and hydroxyproline (HYP) as the OP regulator, we developed 15 HYP-tolerant regenerated plants. For each regenerated plant, we selected offspring with oil content>55% (relative to 49.5% for Huayu 20). We developed and released three new peanut varieties with high yield and high oil content from the offspring of the HYP-tolerant regenerated plants. The three new varieties were named as Yuhua 4, Yuhua 9 and Yuhua 14 and their oil contents were 57.7, 61.1 and 59.3%, respectively. The results indicate that in vitro mutagenesis with PYM followed by directed screening with HYP is a useful approach for breeding peanut varieties with high oil contents.     

饲粮中添加膨润土对鹌鹑产蛋性能的影响

本试验选用1232只产蛋鹌鹑,随机分为3组,在其玉米—豆饼—鱼粉基础饲粮中,分别添加硫酸盐形式的锌,铜,铁和锰(对照组);2.5％膨润土及2.5％的用上述微量元素加强的膨润土。结果表明:饲粮中添加2.5％的膨润土能显著改善产蛋性能,如产蛋率、蛋重和产蛋量分别较对照组的提高6.6％、1.6％和8.9％(P<0.01),而且产出/投入比提高4.3％,但对饲料转化率和死亡率没有显著的影响(P>0.05)。另外,用微量元素加强的膨润土组与对照组,在生产性能方面,没有任何差异(P>0.05)。因此,膨润土可作为一种天然矿物质添加剂用于产蛋鹌鹑饲粮中,同时能提高鹌鹑的生产性能和经济效益。