Properties of low-moisture viscoplastic materials consisting of oil droplets dispersed in a protein-carbohydrate-glycerol matrix: effect of oil concentration

The influence of oil concentration and baking on the properties of low-moisture composites consisting of oil droplets dispersed in a protein-carbohydrate-glycerol matrix was investigated. These composites were produced by blending canola oil, whey protein concentrate (WPC), corn syrup, and glycerol together using a high-speed mixer. The resulting system consisted of oil droplets dispersed in a polar matrix. Some composites were analyzed directly after preparation, while others were analyzed after being heated at 176 degrees C for 10 min to simulate baking. The "lightness" of the composites was greater before baking (higher L value), but the color was more intense after baking (higher a and b values). The lightness and color intensity of the composites decreased as the oil concentration increased, with the effects being more pronounced in the baked samples. The zeta potential of the oil droplets (measured after dilution at pH 6) was highly negative (approximately -40 mV), indicating that whey protein was adsorbed to the droplet surfaces. The mean particle diameter (measured after dilution at pH 6) increased appreciably after baking, which was attributed to droplet flocculation. The rheological properties of the unbaked and baked materials were characterized by squeezing flow viscometry, which showed that the measurements associated with consistency and yield stress increased with increasing oil concentration and with baking.     

基于GIS的新疆后备耕地资源评价

明确后备耕地资源的总量及分布是耕地资源跨区域流动的前提.该文构建了新疆后各耕地资源的自然-生态-经济适宜性评价指标体系,以1 km2栅格数据和统计数据为基础,基于GIS评价县域后备耕地资源数量及分布.结果表明:①自然-生态适宜的后备耕地资源147.41万hm2,各县分布面积从0.01～17.55万hm2不等;②自然-生态-经济适宜的后备耕地总量为97.61万hm2,分布在65个县;③适宜开展耕地跨区域开发的后备耕地资源97.19万hm2,分布在51个县.随着评价约束条件的增加,新疆适宜开发的后备耕地资源总量逐渐减少,生态风险和经济成本对耕地跨区域流动的影响需要更深入地研究.     

复方免疫增强剂中三种多糖的分离纯化初步研究

采用超声辅助提取法提取复方免疫增强剂中的多糖,以Sevag法除蛋白后分级醇沉得粗多糖PS1、PS2和PS3。粗多糖PS1、PS2和PS3上离子交换柱层析分离纯化,以0-2.0MnaC l溶液进行梯度洗脱得PS1A、PS2A和PS3A多糖组分,再经过Sephadex G-200凝胶柱层析分离得到三个主要多糖组分PS1A-Ⅰ、PS2A-Ⅱ和PS3A-Ⅲ。利用凝胶层析、纸层析及紫外分光光度法进行纯度鉴定,结果表明PS1A-Ⅰ、PS2A-Ⅱ和PS3A-Ⅲ为均一多糖。     

Semi-Synthesis,Cytotoxic Evaluation,and Structure—Activity Relationships of Brefeldin A Derivatives with Antileukemia Activity

Brefeldin A (1), a potent cytotoxic natural macrolactone, was produced by the marine fungus Penicillium sp. (HS-N-29) from the medicinal mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius. Series of its ester derivatives 2–16 were designed and semi-synthesized, and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell line in vitro, and the preliminary structure–activity relationships revealed that the hydroxy group played an important role. Moreover, the monoester derivatives exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity than the diester derivatives. Among them, brefeldin A 7-O-2-chloro-4,5-difluorobenzoate (7) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the proliferation of K562 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 0.84 µM. Further evaluations indicated that 7 induced cell cycle arrest, stimulated cell apoptosis, inhibited phosphorylation of BCR-ABL, and thereby inactivated its downstream AKT signaling pathway. The expression of downstream signaling molecules in the AKT pathway, including mTOR and p70S6K, was also attenuated after 7-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, molecular modeling of 7 docked into 1 binding site of an ARF1–GDP-GEF complex represented well-tolerance. Taken together, 7 had the potential to be served as an effective antileukemia agent or lead compound for further exploration.     

高等学校图书馆文献资源招标和竞价采购的利弊分析

对高等学校图书馆文献资源实行招标和竞价采购的可行性、有利因素和不利结果进行阐述,提出加强高等学校文献采购的应对方法。     

谈谈"一犬事多主"的训练

“一犬事多主”是指经过专门训练的一头工作犬,能够忠诚、勇敢地为一人乃至多人服务。这一训练方法,虽然与传统观念上的“义犬不事二主”相矛盾,但是客观上已经证实其有可行性。对于“义犬不事二主”的观念,笔者认为:虽然突出了犬的忠义品质,但是容易误导人们,将那些能为多个主     

杨树HSF家族基因生物信息学与胁迫应答表达分析

[目的]探究小黑杨热激转录因子HSF在应答高温和高盐胁迫时发挥的关键作用.保守结构域和顺式作用元件预测等对杨树HSF转录因子家族基因进行生物信息学分析.本研究以小黑杨为材料,经过37℃高温胁迫半个月后观察其形态变化;将小黑杨在37℃下分别处理0、12、24、48 h,采用RT-qPCR对小黑杨组织中的PsnHSFs基因...     

高等院校计算机基础课教学改革探讨

本文主要论述了目前高校计算机基础教育面临的现状,并给出了一些改革措施,从学校、教师和学生等方面探讨了计算机基础教学的改革方法。     

基于“流水线”的茄果类种苗半自动嫁接机研究

阐述了国内外茄果类种苗半自动嫁接机存在的作业生产率过低的问题,针对国内种苗嫁接环境,以茄果类种苗为作业对象,提出了基于"流水线"的半自动嫁接作业模式,选取适合机械化操作的贴接嫁接法,分析了生产节拍、作业工序与作业生产率的关系,最终将夹持、切削、拢苗、对接、上夹和下苗6个工序合理分配至4个工位。进行了整机嫁接作业试验,结果表明基于"流水线"的嫁接生产模式可实现1000株/h的嫁接生产率,有效提高了作业效率。