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各位代表、各位来宾、同志们: 首先请允许我代表中国兽医药品监察所对本次代表大会的召开表示衷心的祝贺! 相似文献
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A family of mesoporous molecular sieves (denoted MSU-G) with vesiclelike hierarchical structures and unprecedented thermal (1000 degreesC) and hydrothermal stabilities (more than 150 hours at 100 degreesC) associated with high SiO4 cross-linking was prepared through a supramolecular assembly pathway that relies on hydrogen bonding between electrically neutral gemini surfactants of the type CnH2n+1NH(CH2)2NH2 and silica precursors derived from tetraethylorthosilicate. The vesicle shells are constructed of one or more undulated silica sheets that are about 3 nanometers thick with mesopores (average diameters from 2.7 to 4.0 nanometers) running both parallel and orthogonal to the silica sheets, which makes the framework structure bicontinuous and highly accessible. Catalytic metal ion centers [for example, Ti(IV) and Al(III)] have been incorporated into the framework with the retention of hierarchical structure. 相似文献
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Expression of Heparin‐Binding EGF‐Like Growth Factor (HB‐EGF) in Bovine Endometrium: Effects of HB‐EGF and Interferon‐τ on Prostaglandin Production
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Heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) regulates several cell functions by binding to its membrane receptor (ErbB1 and ErbB4). Experimental evidences suggest that HB‐EGF, prostaglandins (PGs) and interferon‐τ (IFN‐τ) regulate uterine function for pregnancy establishment in ruminants. In this study, the mRNA expressions of HB‐EGF, ErbB1 and ErbB4 in bovine endometrium and the effects of HB‐EGF and IFN‐τ on PGE2 and PGF2‐α production by endometrial cells were investigated. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that HB‐EGF mRNA was greater at the mid‐luteal stage than at the early and regressed luteal stages (p < 0.05). ErbB1 mRNA expression was greater at the mid‐ and late luteal stages than at the other luteal stages (p < 0.05). IFN‐τ increased the expression of HB‐EGF, ErbB1 and ErbB4 mRNA in epithelial cells (p < 0.05). HB‐EGF did not affect PGF2‐α or PGE2 production by bovine endometrial epithelial cells, but increased PGF2‐α and PGE2 production by bovine endometrial stromal cells (p < 0.05). IFN‐τ significantly decreased HB‐EGF‐stimulated PGF2‐α (p < 0.05), but not PGE2 (p > 0.05) production by stromal cells. These results indicate that HB‐EGF and its receptors expression changed in bovine endometrium throughout the oestrous cycle. IFN‐τ increased their expression in cultured endometrial cells. HB‐EGF and IFN‐τ have the ability to regulate PGs production by stromal cells and therefore may play a role in the local regulation of uterine function at the time of implantation in cattle. 相似文献
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Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐1 Regulates the Expression of Luteinizing Hormone Receptor and Steroid Production in Bovine Granulosa Cells
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Luteinizing hormone LH plays important roles in follicular maturation and ovulation. The effects of LH are mediated by LH receptor (LHR) in the ovary. However, the factors that regulate the expression of LHR in bovine granulosa cells (GCs) are not well known. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is known to play a key role in the acquisition and maintenance of functional dominance. To better understand the roles of LHR expression and IGF‐1, we conducted three experiments to determine (i) mRNA expression of LHR in the GCs of developing follicles, (ii) the effects of IGF‐1 on LHR mRNA expression in cultured GCs and (iii) the effects of IGF‐1 on estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and androstenedione (A4) production by non‐luteinized GCs. In experiment 1, small follicles (<6 mm Ø) expressed lower levels of LHR than mid‐sized follicles (6–8 mm Ø) and large follicles (≥9 mm Ø) expressed the highest levels of LHR mRNA (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, IGF‐1 (1 and 100 ng/ml) increased (p < 0.05) the expression of LHR mRNA in GCs from small and large follicles. In experiment 3, IGF‐1 (0.1–100 ng/ml) increased A4 and E2 in GCs from both small and large follicles but increased P4 only in large follicles. IGF‐1 in combination with LH (0.1 and 1 ng/ml) increased P4 and A4 in large follicles, and increased E2 and A4 in GCs of small follicles. These findings strongly support the concept that IGF‐1 upregulates LHR mRNA expression as well as A4 and E2 production in GCs and that IGF‐1 is required for determining which follicle becomes dominant and acquires ovulatory capacity. 相似文献
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A longitudinal study of veterinary students and recent graduates: 1. Backgrounds, plans and subsequent employment 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Objective To examine factors that influence career choies by veterinary graduates.
Design Longitudinal study.
Population Students – 77 female and 77 males - who began studying veterinary science at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986.
Procedure Questionnaires were completed in the first and fifth year of the course, and in the second year after graduation. The data were arranged into an aggregated data set, then analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results These students chose veterinary science, many cases at an early age, because of their attitude towards animals rather than advice from other people. Most had extensive experience with animals, and many gained this in cities rather than on farms. Between half and two-thirds of them looked forward to a career in private practice when they were in first year. The proportion planning a career in private practice was highest for those who chose veterinary science before they were 12 years old. One-quarter of those in first year were undecided about what they would do after graduation. When they were surveyed in fifth year, most planned to enter mixed private practice at least initially. In fact, 59% entered mixed practice and 28% small animal practice. There were no significant relationships between prior experience with animals and either career plans or success in the job market. When asked in their second year after graduation, about half planned to continue in private practice over the longer term, and a quarter were undecided.
Conclusions The decision to study veterinary science is often made at a young age, and is influenced mainly by attitudes towards animals. The career path planned by the majority involves private practice, but for about a quarter the future is unclear, both when they enter the course and after they have worked as veterinarians. 相似文献
Design Longitudinal study.
Population Students – 77 female and 77 males - who began studying veterinary science at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986.
Procedure Questionnaires were completed in the first and fifth year of the course, and in the second year after graduation. The data were arranged into an aggregated data set, then analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results These students chose veterinary science, many cases at an early age, because of their attitude towards animals rather than advice from other people. Most had extensive experience with animals, and many gained this in cities rather than on farms. Between half and two-thirds of them looked forward to a career in private practice when they were in first year. The proportion planning a career in private practice was highest for those who chose veterinary science before they were 12 years old. One-quarter of those in first year were undecided about what they would do after graduation. When they were surveyed in fifth year, most planned to enter mixed private practice at least initially. In fact, 59% entered mixed practice and 28% small animal practice. There were no significant relationships between prior experience with animals and either career plans or success in the job market. When asked in their second year after graduation, about half planned to continue in private practice over the longer term, and a quarter were undecided.
Conclusions The decision to study veterinary science is often made at a young age, and is influenced mainly by attitudes towards animals. The career path planned by the majority involves private practice, but for about a quarter the future is unclear, both when they enter the course and after they have worked as veterinarians. 相似文献
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A Valverde † TJ Doherty ‡ J Hernández† W Davies† 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):104-104
Lidocaine decreases minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalational anesthetics. This study determined the influence of a low dose, 50 µg kg?1 minute?1 (LDI) and high dose, 200 µg kg?1 minute?1 (HDI) constant rate infusion of lidocaine on the MAC of isoflurane (I) in dogs. Ten mongrel dogs were anesthetized with I in oxygen and mechanically ventilated. End‐tidal anesthetic (Fe ′A) and CO2 (Pe ′CO2) concentrations were monitored at the endotracheal tube adaptor with an infrared gas analyzer calibrated before each experiment with a standardized calibration gas mixture designed for the analyzer. Pe ′CO2 and body temperature were maintained within normal limits. Noxious stimuli included clamping the hindlimb paw (HC) and electrical current (50 V at 50 cycles second?1 for 10 milliseconds pulse?1) applied subcutaneously to the forelimb (FE) at the level of the ulna. After an initial equilibration period of at least 40 minutes at an Fe ′A of 1.7%, the Fe ′A was decreased to a value close to the estimated MAC for dogs. MAC was defined as the Fe ′A mid‐way between the value permitting and preventing purposeful movement. Following baseline MAC, a loading dose of 2 mg kg?1 of lidocaine IV was administered over 3 minutes followed by the LDI, and MAC determinations for the combination started after 30 minutes of infusion. Once determined, the lidocaine infusion was stopped for 30 minutes and the dog maintained at the ETC that prevented movement without the lidocaine. Following this period, a second loading dose of lidocaine was given (2 mg kg?1) over 3 minutes followed by the HDI, and the MAC determination procedure repeated after 30 minutes of infusion. Data were analyzed using an anova for repeated measures. MAC of I was 1.34 ± 0.035% (mean ± SEM) for both the FE and HC stimuli. The LDI significantly decreased MAC to 1.09 ± 0.043% (18.7% reduction) and HDI to 0.76 ± 0.030% (43.3% reduction). In conclusion, lidocaine infusions decreased the MAC of isoflurane in a dose‐dependent manner. 相似文献
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