一起未附检疫证明经营运输动物案的分析与思考

本文介绍了一起贵州省龙里县动物卫生监督所查处的经营、运输依法应当检疫而未经检疫活羊案,通过对案件事实的认定、当事人违法行为的定性、违法事实和违法主体的认定、法律的适用等方面进行阐述,以期与同行交流。     

基于两种生态学理论监控草地质量

准确理解中度干扰假说和冗余结构理论,并将两者有机结合,有助于草地质量的调控。关于这两种生态学理论所取得的相关研究成果,对于认识和理解草地生态系统的结构、功能、演替以及生产潜力具有积极作用,这也使其逐步成为指导草地畜牧业生产实践十分重要的科学依据。阐述了草地质量及其具体表示指标,以及中度干扰假说和冗余结构理论与草地质量的关系,并论述了中度干扰假说和冗余结构理论在封育、中度放牧、毒害草防治等管理措施条件下草地质量变化的生态学过程中的作用。     

市售禽肉产品中沙门氏菌污染状况调查

<正>沙门氏菌是引起人类食物中毒的主要致病菌,该病菌可通过食物传播,禽肉等动物产品是引起人类感染该病菌的主要来源之一。据资料统计,在我国细菌性食物中毒中,有     

东北鼢鼠生活习性初探

本文通过对东北鼢鼠生活习性定位监测,初步掌握了其活动规律与地形、气温、土壤湿度等生态因子变化的关系,同时还探讨了东北鼢鼠的雌雄比例,繁殖情况、洞道结构和食性等,为今后防治工作提供了科学依据。     

Dietary supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus extract enhances gut health in weanling piglets

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) as a dietary additive on gut health in weanling piglets by examining diarrhea frequency, intestinal microbiota and morphology. A total of 96 Duroc× (Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets weaned at 21 days of age with an average initial body weight (BW) of 5.6 ± 0.4 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups with 4 duplicates of 8 piglets each. The piglets were fed basal diet to which had been added 0 or 1 g/kg of ASE, or 0.7 g/kg antibiotics, respectively. Fecal consistence was monitored twice daily and the frequency of diarrhea was calculated. On day 21 after the initiation of supplementation, 8 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment group (2 piglets per pen) and slaughtered. The jejunum, ileum, colon and cecum were then excised and fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution to determine villus height and crypt depth, after their contents were collected to determine microbiota. The results showed that dietary supplementation with ASE increased (P < 0.05) the density of bacterial populations that co-migrated with Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium lituseburens, but decreased (P < 0.05) those co-migrating with Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Ruminococcus forques, and E. coli O157:H7 in the PCR-DGGE profiling analysis when compared with the control group. The villus height of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased (P < 0.05) by 14.8, 13.7 and 10.0%, while the crypt depth decreased (P < 0.05) by 17.9, 9.1 and 12.1%, respectively, in response to dietary ASE supplementation. Additionally dietary supplementation with ASE or an antibiotic decreased (P < 0.05) the frequency of diarrhea by 55.6 and 52.2%, respectively, compared with the control group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary supplementation with ASE could regulate the microbiota composition and maintain a normal morphology of gut mucosa in weanling piglets, thereby decreasing diarrhea that resulted from weaning stress.     

粘度对超高温灭菌奶中脂肪球上浮的影响

基于物理反射模型的背反射光检测技术研究不同瓜尔胶添加量对超高温灭菌乳体系粘度及乳脂肪球的稳定性.以0.02%添加量(w/w)的K-卡拉胶作为乳蛋白稳定剂.蔗糖酯SE-15、羟基化改性大豆磷脂及分子蒸馏单甘酯按一定比例进行复配并以0.1%(w/w)进行添加以稳定乳脂肪,在此基础上分别添加0%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%的瓜尔胶以增加超高温灭菌乳的粘度.分别测定了样品的粘度及顶部脂肪球的迁移动力学并比较4者之间的稳定动力学.实验结果表明,随着瓜尔胶添加量的增加,样品粘度亦随之增加,顶部的脂肪浮油速率呈降低趋势,瓜尔胶添加量为0.03%时样品的稳定性达到最大值.因此,增加粘度可以抑制乳脂肪球上浮速率、增加产品的稳定性.     

高钙牛奶稳定性研究

钙强化后的高钙牛奶可以提供更多利于人体的钙质,研究了制备高钙牛奶时所需要的钙源、乳化剂以及增稠剂,采用正交试验确定了复配稳定剂的成分及用量,并利用粒径分析仪对高钙牛奶稳定性进行了研究.     

施氮水平对多花黑麦草植株氮含量及反射光谱特征的影响

植株氮含量是评价牧草群体长势、估测产量和确定最佳施肥量的重要指标。对不同施氮水平下多花黑麦草植株氮含量及冠层反射光谱特征进行了测试,分析了冠层反射光谱与植株氮含量之间的相关性。结果表明,施氮水平对多花黑麦草植株氮含量具有显著影响,植株氮含量随着施氮水平的增加有所升高。在可见光区域,冠层光谱反射率随施氮水平的增加而降低。植株氮含量与单波段反射率呈负相关关系,在波段487～718 nm范围内,相关系数绝对值都大于0.5(P<0.01)。利用敏感波段估测植株氮含量最优模型为y=4.362-0.754x₅₇₉+0.351x₇₀₀。以植被指数估测植株氮含量最佳模型为y=3.026-0.670DVI_(610,487)+4.997NDVI_(700,579)。植株氮含量估测值与实测值之间存在显著相关关系。     

猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌的药物敏感性试验

本实验采用世界卫生组织推荐的(K—B法)纸片琼脂扩散法,对从本地区猪场分离出的10株猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌,用10种临床上常用的抗菌药物对其进行了敏感性测定。结果:耐药现象严重,多重耐药性普遍存在。对猪致病性大肠埃希氏菌作用较强的依次是阿莫西林/克拉维酸(AMX/CA)、头孢唑啉(CZ)、氯霉素(C)、庆大霉素(GM),抑菌作用较差的是四环素(TC)、环丙沙星(CIP)、氨苄西林(AM)、氧氟沙星(DFL),链霉素(S)、磺胺(SMX)为中度敏感。     

应用RT-PCR方法从进境南美白对虾亲虾中检出桃拉综合征病毒(Taura syndrome virus)

应用PCR和RT—PCR技术，对一批进境的南美白对虾亲虾进行了多种病毒性病原的检疫。结果检出桃拉综合征病毒。临床观察也表明，该批亲虾体表散布大量黑色病灶，为TSV感染引起的TS典型病变。