母鼠妊娠期铅镉联合暴露对仔鼠脑组织的氧化损伤及乙酰半胱氨酸的保护效应

45只怀孕SD母鼠被随机分为9组,即A组（对照组,饮用蒸馏水）、B组（铅组,300mg／L）、C组[铅＋N-乙酰半胱氨酸（N-NAC）组,300mg／L＋20mmol／L]、D组（镉组,10mg／L）、E组（镉＋NAC组,10mg／L＋20retool／L）、F组（低剂量铅镉联合组,150mg／L＋5mg／L）、G组（低剂量铅镉联合＋NAC组,150mg／L＋5mg／L＋20mmol／L）、H组（高剂量铅镉联合组,300mg／L＋10mg／L）、Ⅰ组（高剂量铅镉联合＋NAC组,300mg／L＋10mg／L＋20mmol／L）。采用饮水染毒,染毒时间为21d,分娩后每窝随机选取6只乳鼠测定脑匀浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（TChE）活性和丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果表明,低剂量铅镉联合作用具有中间效应（介于铅、镉单独毒性作用之间）,而高剂量铅镉联合作用表现协同或叠加效应。NAC拮抗组与染毒组比较,MDA含量显著降低,SOD、GSH—Px、TChE、CAT活性有升高趋势,说明NAC可以提高大鼠的抗氧化能力,对母鼠铅镉暴露所致新生鼠脑脂质过氧化损伤有一定的保护作用。     

Number of Follicular Waves and Their Effect on Pregnancy Rate in the Cow

In the study, the relationship of follicular growth waves, oestradiol and pregnancy rates were investigated during oestrus cycle in cows. A total of 22, Brown Swiss cows (3-5 years old) were used for the study. The ovaries of animals were examined from sixth day of cycle to next oestrus by ultrasound. The follicles that were present in the ovarium were recorded. Follicular growth was observed every day by means of ultrasound examination. The blood samples were taken for analysis of oestradiol simultaneously with ultrasound examinations. The oestrus animals were inseminated. Each animal that inseminated was examined by ultrasound on day 28 after insemination for pregnancy diagnosis. Two follicular growth waves were observed in nine of 22 (40.9%), three waves in 13 of 22 (59.1%) animals. The oestradiol was found in the same concentration but in different release patterns between two and three waves animals. Pregnancy rate in cows with three and two follicular waves did not differ. In conclusion, emergence of three waves of follicular growth was higher in Brown Swiss cows, the analysis of oestradiol could be used for determination of the wave numbers and the animals with different waves may have had the same pregnancy rates.     

Serum testosterone,sperm quality,cytological, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of the prostatic fraction of dogs with prostatomegaly

Prostatomegaly is a common finding in older non‐neutered dogs. This study compared the serum testosterone, sperm quality and characteristics of the prostatic fraction between healthy dogs and dogs with prostatomegaly. Blood samples of ten dogs (five dogs from each group) were taken for serum testosterone measurement. Sperm motility, vigour, concentration, viability, membrane functionality and morphology were analysed in sperm‐rich fraction. Osmolality, pH, cell types, and albumin, haemoglobin, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and chloride were analysed in prostatic fraction. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the lowest sperm motility, vigour, concentration and functional membrane. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the highest glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Glucose was the only constituent positively correlated with serum testosterone and prostate volume. It can be concluded that dogs with prostatomegaly have poorer sperm quality, and glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol in prostatic fraction can be used as prostatomegaly biomarkers.     

日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔血液中的血清转铁蛋白 (Tf)、前转铁蛋白 (Prt)、后白蛋白 (Po)、血液结合素 (Hp)、红细胞酯酶 (ES - 1、ES - 2和ES - 3)等 7个蛋白座位进行测定。结果表明 :这 7个座位均呈多态。在多态座位中 ,Tf、Prt、Po、Hp、ES - 1、ES - 2、ES - 3分别出现 3、3、6、3、3和 3种表型 ,受 2、2、3、2、2和 2个共显性等位基因控制。X2 检验表明 ,新西兰兔在这 7个座位上均处于平衡状态 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,日本大耳白兔在Tf、Po、ES -1、ES - 34个座位处于平衡 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而在Prt、Hp、ES - 2出现不平衡状态 (P <0 .0 5 )。     

Coelioscopic-assisted prefemoral ovariosalpingectomy in a d`Orbigny slider (Trachemys dorbigni) using a digital otoscope

The purpose of this study was to assess the unilateral prefemoral coelioscopic-assisted approach for ovariosalpingectomy in a d`Orbigny slider (Trachemys dorbigni) using a digital otoscope. Twenty healthy turtles were randomly assigned to one of two groups, for right (GR; n=10) or left (GL; n=10) prefemoral access, for coelioscopic-assisted ovariosalpingectomy. Anesthesia and surgery times, body weight, and ovary/oviduct weight data were recorded. Anesthesia and surgery times did not differ significantly between the groups. Wound closure was the most time-consuming surgical step. Ovary and body weights significantly affected the exposure time of the ipsilateral and contralateral ovaries, respectively. Two intraoperative complications were reported. All the animals recovered uneventfully. The digital otoscope can be safely and effectively used for coelioscopic-assisted single-access, unilateral prefemoral ovariosalpingectomy in d`Orbigny slider.     

乌珠穆沁羊生长分化因子11基因外显子1序列CpG位点的甲基化模式分析

为了探讨乌珠穆沁羊生长分化因子11 (growth differentiation factor 11,GDF11)基因外显子1的甲基化模式,本研究采用亚硫酸氢盐测序PCR (BSP)的方法对普通乌珠穆沁羊和多脊椎乌珠穆沁羊GDF11基因外显子1的甲基化水平进行检测,通过检测发现普通乌珠穆沁羊GDF11基因外显子1的平均甲基化率为0.123,多脊椎乌珠穆沁羊的平均甲基化率为0.569,差异显著性检验表明这两组数据间差异极显著(P<0.01),即多脊椎乌珠穆沁羊GDF11基因外显子1中的CpG甲基化率极显著高于普通乌珠穆沁羊(P<0.01).通过分析GDF11基因外显子1的13个CpGs位点发现,多脊椎乌珠穆沁羊CpG_11和CpG_13位点的甲基化率值最高,达到90%,推测这两个位点的甲基化可能与乌珠穆沁羊的脊椎数增加有关,是导致多脊椎发生的主要原因.     

蒙古虫实化学成分预试验

采用植物化学成分系统预试和专项预试相结合的方法,对采自内蒙古阿拉善盟左旗草场的蒙古虫实地上部分全草进行了化学成分预试验.结果表明,蒙古虫实中含有生物碱、糖、甙类、氨基酸及多肽、皂甙、鞣质、有机酸、黄酮、挥发油、蒽醌;可能含有甾体和三萜类物质、强心甙、香豆素或萜类内脂、酚类物质;不含氰甙和脂肪族硝基化合物.