江汉鸡生长发育与曲线拟合情况分析

江汉鸡是湖北省优良的地方鸡品种,为了解其早期生长发育规律,为其品系选育提供参考依据,本研究运用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy三种非线性生长模型对江汉鸡0～20周龄体重生长情况进行曲线拟合和分析。结果表明三种曲线均能较好地拟合江汉鸡的生长曲线,经分析比较发现,Gompertz模型拟合的江汉鸡生长曲线效果最佳(R²≥0.996),其公鸡的拐点为(9.170周,763.070 g),母鸡的拐点为(9.355周,623.185 g)。三种模型对江汉鸡生长曲线的拟合和分析是可行的,通过生长曲线的拟合分析可及时掌握江汉鸡的生长发育规律、发现饲养管理中存在的问题。     

水稻梯田土壤速效氮、磷、钾的迁移与分布特征研究

研究水稻梯田氮、磷、钾速效成分迁移与分布规律,为实现精准配方施肥提供依据。选择白石村10个有水稻梯田分布的村民小组,每个村民小组为一个采样区,按照水流路径,每个采样区梯田分成6层,每层采用“S”形布点法采集5个土样,分别测定土壤的碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,并建立与梯田层次间的函数关系式,研究其横向迁移分布情况与规律。结果表明：白石村土壤主要养分平均含量：碱解氮103.3±13.67 mg/kg、速效磷42.84±5.42 mg/kg、速效钾95.25±13.91 mg/kg,营养等级为中上;碱解氮、速效钾从上层梯田向下层梯田迁移,并有显著的指数回归趋势,平均相关系数分别为0.9719和0.9885,低洼地氮素含量偏高;速效磷纵向迁移不明显,但其含量与碱解氮含量呈负相关,拟合度为72.72%。白石村水稻梯田碱解氮、速效钾含量随着水流由上层向下层迁移,并具有明显的指数回归趋势;速效磷随水流迁移不明显,分布相对稳定,有富集倾向。     

不同咸蛋腌制工艺对南方、北方鸭蛋腌制效果的比较

利用3种咸蛋腌制工艺(袋腌法、水腌法和泥腌法)对我国南方鸭蛋和北方鸭蛋进行了腌制比较,结果表明,3种咸蛋腌制工艺腌制咸蛋的成熟时间先后顺序为水腌法泥腌法袋腌法;用袋腌法和水腌法生产咸蛋时,南方鸭蛋的效果优于北方鸭蛋,而用泥腌法生产咸蛋时,北方鸭蛋的效果优于南方鸭蛋。     

抗菌肽饲料添加剂对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

对试验小鼠饲喂1‰和3‰抗菌肽饲料添加剂,鸡红细胞吞噬试验检测小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,研究抗菌肽饲料添加剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响.结果表明,抗菌肽饲料添加剂可以显著提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数,增强小鼠非特异性免疫功能.     

银杏防御素对仔猪生长性能及免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在通过在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加银杏防御素,研究其对仔猪生长性能及免疫指标的影响,以期为生产上提供安全、环保、高效的绿色饲料添加剂.试验选择断奶后体重约为7 kg的“杜×长×大”仔猪120头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复12头猪.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2％银杏防御素的试验饲粮.试验期21 d.结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组末重提高了8.92％(P ＜0.05),腹泻率极显著降低(P＜0.01),料重比降低了7.27％(P ＜0.05);血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白A含量分别提高了13.03％(P ＜0.05)、12.27％(P ＜0.05)、7.89％(P ＞0.05),血清白蛋白和总蛋白含量分别提高了19.97％(P ＜0.05)和14.97％(P ＜0.05),血液T淋巴细胞转化率提高了8.25％(P ＞0.05),血液白细胞介素2含量提高了15.25％(P ＜0.01).由此可见,银杏防御素可提高仔猪生长性能和免疫指标,降低腹泻率.     

干扰素刺激基因对羊口疮病毒在OFTu细胞中增殖的抑制效应

羊口疮病毒（ORFV）是重要的人兽共患病病原,不仅严重危害养羊业,而且威胁人类健康。干扰素刺激基因（stimulator of interferon genes,STING）作为细胞的DNA感受器,在机体天然免疫中起重要作用。为探索STING在ORFV感染中的作用及其对病毒复制的影响,本研究构建了ORFV感染羊胚胎鼻甲细胞（OFTu）的模型,分析了ORFV感染细胞后对STING及其相关基因的动态表达,探索了STING基因在干扰表达和过表达状态下对ORFV在细胞上增殖的影响。结果表明,ORFV感染OFTu细胞后,STING、cGAS、TBK1、IRF3、IRF7、IL-6、IFN-β、IL-1β和TNF-α的转录明显升高。OFTu细胞过表达STING可导致RIG-1、DDX41、IFI16、IRF3、IRF7、IL-6、TNF-α、IFN-α和IFN-β等基因转录上调。OFTu细胞在STING过表达状态下感染ORFV可介导TBK-1、IRF3、IFN-β和TNF-α的转录升高,抑制ORFV的复制;在STING表达干扰的状态下,ORFV感染OFTu细胞降低了TBK-1、IRF3、IFN-β和TNF-α的转录,增加了ORFV的复制。这表明STING蛋白能够增强抗病毒细胞因子的表达,抑制ORFV在OFTu细胞中的增殖,研究结果为深入理解STING在羊口疮病毒感染和复制中的作用提供了科学的理论依据,也为深入探索ORFV感染和致病的分子机制提供了基础数据。     

Adrenalectomy of sheep: a novel technique

A rapid technique for adrenalectomy of sheep was developed. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in a single stage operation by inducing ischaemia with latex rings of the type used commonly for the castration of lambs and calves. The success of the technique was demonstrated by failure of exogenous ACTH to increase circulating cortisol concentrations. Adrenal steroid replacement was used to maintain the sheep during the post-operative period (cortisol 0.25 mg.kg^-1, deoxycorticosterone acetate 0.05 mg.kg^-1). Adrenalectomised sheep were maintained for up to 20 days without glucocorticoid, provided a lowered dose of mineralocorticoid was administered (0.04 mg.kg^-1***day^-1). Adrenalectomised sheep had significantly (P < 0.007) lower packed cell volume (23.75%) than normal sheep (31.24%), across a broad range of cortisol concentrations (0 to 734 ng/mL), indicating that plasma cortisol may not reflect true blood concentrations when drawing comparisons between adrenalectomised and normal sheep.     

The use of high-energy electrons to depilate the breech of sheep

The use of high-energy electrons for permanently depilating areas of sheep skin was evaluated. The most effective dose of electrons for depilation was 17.5Gy. Histological changes in skin treated at this dose were examined in one sheep over 18 months and in 5 sheep over 89 d. Effects of treatment on bodyweight gains and fleece growth were examined by comparing the productivity of a further 5 sheep treated on the breech with high-energy electrons, with that of conventionally mulesed sheep (n = 5) and untreated controls (n = 5). Electron treatment resulted in immediate death of cells in the germinative region of the wool follicle bulbs. Within 10 d of treatment the treated areas were completely depilated. Wool follicle shafts in the treated areas regressed rapidly towards the epidermis and remained quiescent for the whole trial (89 d). A sheep treated 18 months previously has remained largely depilated, although a few sparse fibres are present. Epidermal acanthosis and orthokeratosis were present at 26 d after treatment. The thickened stratum corneum then sloughed off, but the epidermis remained acanthotic for the entire trial. Sweat glands and most sebaceous glands were destroyed by the treatment and were replaced by fibrotic, avascular tissue in the dermis. In all other respects the external appearance of the electron-treated breech was similar to that of mulesed sheep. There were no apparent side-effects of treatment. Neither mulesing nor electron treatment altered weight gains or fleece growth rates.     

Finite Element Simulate Analysis of Small Span-to Depth Ratio Coupling Beams with Special Reiforcement

Test investigations show that the reinforcement scheme with adding diagonal and rhombic bars to traditional reinforcement in the foundation is an ideal way, for the seismic performance of small span-to depth ratio coupling beams with this scheme is better than that of traditional reinforcement. Because the regions in the small aspect ratio coupling beam belong to D-regions, in which the Bernoulli hypothesis of plane strain distribution is invalid, the traditional bending theory can not be used. This paper simulates the coupling beam through non-linear finite element analysis program, and contrasts the analysis result of the bar's stress distribution with test result. The contrast results confirm that it is a valid way to analyse the bar's stress distribution in this coupling beam through non-linear finite element analysis program.     

配合施肥对云南冬季亚麻纤维产量与品质的影响

以氮、磷、钾和几种主要微量元素进行2因素随机区组试验,研究了养分对亚麻纤维产量及品质的影响.结果显示,配合施肥以 A282、A381 等组合的效果较好,总纤维产量达到 3000kg/hm2以上,而长纤维产量也超过了 1600kg/hm2;其纤维品质方面也较佳.