粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)基因的克隆、原核表达及生物活性鉴定

为了探讨粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)在免疫中的作用,根据GenBank上发表的鸡GM-CSF基因序列设计特异引物,采用RT-PCR法对球虫免疫后的海蓝灰蛋鸡盲肠扁桃体中GM-CSF基因进行克隆和序列分析;设计GM-CSF原核表达引物,原核表达GM-CSF融合蛋白,通过菌体裂解,包涵体的洗涤、溶解、复性后,过Sepharose4B柱纯化融合蛋白,采用抗病毒试验和淋巴细胞增殖试验检测表达蛋白的生物活性。结果显示,从人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫的海蓝灰蛋鸡盲肠扁桃体中扩增到了435bp的DNA片段;序列分析表明其与GenBank中报道的鸡GM-CSF序列仅有1个碱基的差异,与哺乳动物的同源性在35.2%～45.4%;原核表达了海蓝灰蛋鸡GM-CSF,分离纯化的融合蛋白在抗病毒活性试验和淋巴细胞增殖试验中证明具有一定的生物学活性。     

避风型渔港规划问题的启发式算法研究

避风型渔港的合理规划对减少台风造成渔业的损失具有重要意义.建立了中国东南沿海避风型渔港规划问题的数学模型,并对该模型的复杂度进行了分析,利用渔船就近避风的原则,提出了一种优先考虑最短回港时间的启发式算法,并用中国东南沿海实际的渔港及渔船数据进行了计算,用调研数据对算法的运行效果进行了评估.试验结果表明,本算法具有较好的准确度.     

螺旋输送与筛筒组合式分离装置性能试验

大中型谷物联合收割机分离装置存在体积庞大、振动强等问题,小型谷物联合收割机分离装置缺乏对断茎秆的处理能力且分离能力较弱。为此,提出了一种螺旋输送与筛筒组合式分离装置。通过室内试验,研究了搅龙转速、装置倾角和分离筛孔尺寸对分离性能的影响,得出了最优结构和运动参数组合,实现了籽粒、颖糠及茎秆在输送过程中的有效分离,为清选装置在谷物联合收割机上的应用提供了依据。     

从汽车出口想到种子出口

为发展我国汽车工业．国家出台了一系列鼓励政策．汽车产业得到了快速发展．并出现了整车出口的可喜局面。然而当中国媒体和国内民众在为一笔一笔的汽车出口欢庆鼓舞之时．一场针对汽车出口的“大清洗”序幕正悄然拉开。从汽车出口，笔者想到了我国种业出口。两者出口的背景、现状有着惊人的相似。汽车出口的“大清洗”策略可以嫁接到种子出口上来，以促进我国种业健康有序“走出去”．进一步提高我国种子出口的效益和竞争力。     

生物炭及炭基氮肥对土壤持水性能影响的研究

为了探明生物炭及生物炭基氮肥对土壤水分特征的影响,笔者采用实验室土柱入渗、水分特征曲线法测定了混入不同量生物炭材料、生物炭基氮肥土样的水分入渗率、水分吸持力等有关数值。结果表明：随着生物炭材料、生物炭基氮肥混入量的增多,2种土壤垂直土柱水分入渗率均逐渐减小;在水势相同情况下,与对照相比,混入量越大,土壤可保持的水分越多,但这种增加效应是有限度的,超过一定混入量（80 t/hm2）反而会降低土壤持水量;不同生物炭基氮肥对同一土壤及同一生物炭基氮肥对不同质地土壤持水容量的影响均存在差异。因此,在田间实际应用中,生物炭基氮肥对土壤水分特征的影响取决于生物炭基肥料的性质或特征、施用量及土壤质地等因素。     

Effects of Dietary Ampitheoe sp. Powder on Growth and Lipid Contents of Litopenaeus vannamei北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Ampitheoe sp. powder on the growth and the contents of astaxanthin, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO) and fatty acids of Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of approximately 6 777 L. vannamei with an initial body weight of (1. 80 ± 0.72) g were randomly divided into 3 groups, and there were 3 replicates (753 shrimp per replicate) in each group. Those shrimp fed diets containing 0 (D0 group), 8. 25% (D8. 25 group) and 33% (D33. 00 group) Ampitheoe sp. powder, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 40 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, yield and survival rate in D33.00 group were significantly higher than those in D0 group (P <0.05), whereas the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that in D0 group (P <0.05) . However, there was no significant difference between D33.00 group and the D8. 25 group in those indexes (P >0.05) . 2) The astaxanthin content in carapace, hepatopancreas and muscle of L. vannamei in D8.25 and D33. 00 groups was significantly higher than that in D0 group (P < 0. 05); that in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D8. 25 group (P < 0. 05) . 3) TG content in haemolymph, hepatopancreas and muscle in D8. 25 and D33. 00 groups was significantly lower than that in D0 group (P < 0.05); the TCHO content in hepatopancreas in D8. 25 group was significantly higher than that in D0 and D33.00 groups (P <0.05); TCHO content in muscle in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D0 group (P <0.05) . 4) The contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in hepatopancreas in D33.00 group were significantly higher than those in D0 group (P <0.05) . The EPA content in muscle in D33.00 group was significantly higher than that in D0 group (P < 0. 05) . In conclusion, adding Ampitheoe sp. powder into the diet can improve the growth performance, the contents of astaxanthin, EPA and AA in L. vannamei, and affect the accumulation of TG and TCHO, which can be used as a functional diet in aquaculture. Considering the cost, the supplementation level of 8. 25% Ampitheoe sp. powder is more appropriate. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery. All rights reserved.     

外源调节物质对盐胁迫下植物生长调控研究进展

为了探究外源物质对植物耐盐性的调控机理及进一步利用外源调节物质提高作物耐盐性,归纳了五大类传统植物激素（生长素、赤霉素、乙烯、脱落酸、细胞分裂素）以及褪黑素、水杨酸、多胺、油菜素类固醇、茉莉酸类等外源生长调节物质对盐胁迫下植物生长的调控情况。同时总结了硅、钙等离子类外源调节物对盐胁迫下植物生长的调节作用,多种外源调节物质可通过增强光合作用、提高渗透势、增加抗氧化酶活性及减少离子毒害等方式来减轻盐害。本文为进一步利用单一或复合外源调节物质来缓解作物盐害盐提供理论依据。     

4-UPS/UPR并联机构动力学分析

基于车辆在行驶过程中的运动特性,提出了一种耦合型4-UPS/UPR并联机构作为车辆运动模拟台。应用螺旋理论分析了中间约束分支对上平台的约束作用,并基于Grassmenn线几何分析了机构的铰链点布置对机构奇异的影响。利用旋转矩阵的运动算子功能对机构的耦合运动特性进行了分析。基于旋量速度、加速度,建立了机构运动学模型,并利用刚体的牛顿-欧拉公式建立了机构(包括各个分支)详尽的动力学模型,并给出了相应的数值算例进行验证。     

犬冠状病毒基因疫苗表达载体的构建及其免疫原性研究

以pVAX1为载体首次构建了犬冠状病毒病基因的3种真核表达质粒。首先将犬冠状病毒大熊猫株（CCVDXMV）纤突蛋白（S）、膜蛋白（M）和核蛋白（N）基因进行了克隆和序列测定。将测序后的质粒pTS、pTM和pTN分别双酶切，回收目的基因片段并将其定向克隆到真核表达质粒pVAX1中得到重组质粒pVAXS、pVAXM和pVAXN。将这3种真核表达质粒通过脂质体介导法转染MDCK细胞，通过RT—PCR法进行转录水平的检测，并用间接ELISA法检测目的蛋白的表达情况。结果在pVAXS、pVAXM、pVAXN转染MDCK细胞36h后就可检测到目的基因的转录；在转染72h后可检测到3种目的蛋白的表达。动物免疫试验表明，3种真核表达载体能有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫与体液免疫应答，这为CCV基因疫苗的研究奠定了良好的基础。     

Relationship between serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-10, IL-6 and acute coronary syndrome

AIM: To examine the relation between serum concentrations of interleukin-18, interleukin-10, interleukin-6 and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: Serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-10, IL-6 were measured in 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 30 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), 15 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 20 controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA).The relation between IL-18, IL-6 and IL-10 was compared. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-6 were significantly increased in the AMI and UAP groups in comparison with the SAP and control groups. Conversely, serum concentrations of IL-10 were significantly decreased in the AMI and UAP groups in comparison with the SAP and control groups. The correlation of concentrations of IL-18 and IL-6 had no significance; but the levels of IL-18 and IL-6 were negatively correlated with IL-10. CONCLUSION: Serum IL-18, IL-6 concentrations increase while serum IL-10 concentration decreases in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The inflammatory imbalance between IL-18, IL-6 and IL-10 may play an important role in the instability of atherosclerotic plaque.