温湿度对亚洲小车蝗飞行能力及主要能源物质利用的影响

本研究采用昆虫飞行数据微机采集系统(飞行磨)吊飞方法,测定了温、湿度对10日龄亚洲小车蝗(Oedaleus asiaticus)雌雄成虫的飞行能力及主要能源物质利用的影响。结果表明,在环境温度为28℃、相对湿度(RH)为60%时,10日龄亚洲小车蝗成虫表现出最优的飞行能力,单个个体的最大飞行时间、最大飞行距离和最大飞行速度分别可达1.62h、9.87 km和2.03 km·h~(-1)。在温度16℃以下或28℃以上,其飞行能力明显降低。在40%~80%RH时,成虫均能进行正常的飞行活动。环境温、湿度会显著影响亚洲小车蝗成虫飞行能源物质的消耗情况(P0.05)。在最适的温、湿度条件下,小车蝗飞行所需的能源物质(甘油三酯)最少,其飞行单位距离消耗的甘油三酯也最低,能源利用效率最高。较高或较低的温、湿度条件,能源物质的消耗都显著高于最适条件。飞行能源物质利用效率的不同是导致其在不同温、湿度下飞行能力产生差异的主要原因之一。     

The localization and expression of epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in bovine ovary during oestrous cycle

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important regulatory factors of EGF family. EGF has been indicated to effectively inhibit the apoptosis of follicular cells, to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells and the maturation of oocytes, and to induce ovulation process via binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the distribution and expression of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary especially during oestrous cycle. In this study, the localization and expression rule of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovaries of follicular phase and luteal phase at different time points in oestrous cycle were investigated by using IHC and real-time qPCR. The results showed that EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary were mainly expressed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, zona pellucida, follicular fluid and theca folliculi externa of follicles. The protein and mRNA expression of EGF/EGFR in follicles changed regularly with the follicular growth wave both in follicular and in luteal phase ovaries. In follicular phase ovaries, the protein expression of EGF and EGFR was higher in antral follicles than that of those in other follicles during follicular growth stage, and the mRNA expression of EGFR was also increased in stage of dominant follicle selection. However, in luteal phase ovaries, the growth of follicles was impeded during corpus luteum development under the action of progesterone secreted by granular lutein cell. The mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGFR in ovarian follicles during oestrous cycle indicate that they play a role in promoting follicular development in follicular growth waves and mediating the selection process of dominant follicles.     

RT-PCR快速检测口蹄疫病毒

根据口蹄疫病毒VP1基因的序列，设计了1对引物，建立了检测口蹄疫病毒的RT－PCR方法。对FMDV各毒株检测，结果均为阳性，而对猪病毒性疾病相关病毒进行检测，结果均为阴性；检测19份已知阳性样品，检出率100％；与动物接种试验比较，符合率100％，证明该方法特异，与经典方法动物接种试验比较，其灵敏度提高100倍左右；对O3I3株的细胞毒进行检测，其敏感度达10个TCID50。初步结果表明所建立的RT－PCR技术可用于口蹄疫的诊断和流行病学调查。     

蘑菇和中草药多糖的免疫活性及其在鸡日粮中的潜在作用

<正>在我国,天然中草药作为饲料添加剂一直被用作家畜的生长和保健促进剂。目前天然中草药大约有6000～8000种,其中具有免疫活性的不到5%。多糖被认为是中草药当中能起到免疫促进和免疫调节作用的最重要成分,香菇多糖也是研究较早的具有免     

庆阳站持久高效草地农业优化模式

根据多年的技术资料和生产实际，采用线性规划法作为系统优化的基本方法，拟定了庆阳黄土高原试验站草地农业结构的优化模式。     

澳大利亚肉鸡工业持续发展

鸡肉在澳大利亚越来越受欢迎，其肉鸡工业既高效叉管理规范，同时养殖户也面临与其他国家类似的挑战。澳大利亚肉鸡养殖业取得成功的关键点在哪里，前景又会怎样？     

聚焦2004年全球水产及水产饲料工业重大新闻事件

1 多氯联苯(PCBs) 2004年初,1月份第一周的《科学》杂志发表 的一项研究声称:多氯联苯和环境中的其他有毒 物质在养殖的三文鱼体内的含量比野生三文鱼 多;而且,它把该毒素的来源归因于用于三文鱼养 殖的饲料。该研究很快引起业内外对其研究方法、 错误结论和引起媒体不必要关注等方面提出质疑 和批评。众多科学家和卫生官员立刻指出,即使所 公开的数据是有效的,养殖三文鱼身上的多氯联     

猪圆环病毒2型GD株ORF2基因的序列分析

根据GenBank中猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）0RF2基因序列，设计一对引物，应用PCR从本室鉴定分离的PCV2 GD株的细胞培养物中扩增出ORF2基因（702bp）。将此基因片段克隆入pMD18-T载体，筛选获得重组质粒pMD—ORF2并对其测序，结果表明所克隆的ORF2基因与其他PCV2的0RF2基因核苷酸序列同源性在92．1％～99．9％之间，推导的氨基酸序列同源性在90．2％～99．5％之间。     

猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒抗体的调查

应用血凝和血凝抑制试验检测了从吉林省部分地区采集的猪血清中血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒（HEV）抗体。结果，212份样品中有94份呈现HEV抗体阳性反应，阳性率高达44．3％。被采集血清的猪未表现临床症状，说明该地区的猪群中存在HEV隐性感染。     

Kaempferol alleviates the reduction of developmental competence during aging of porcine oocytes

Kaempferol (KAE) is a natural flavonoid present in different plant species and exhibits anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer therapeutic properties. In the present study, we investigated the influence and underlying mechanisms of KAE supplementation on porcine oocytes during in vitro aging. The results show that KAE treatment can alleviate the aging‐related reduction of developmental competence. We observed that the blastocyst production rate in aged oocytes treated with 0.1 μM KAE was significantly higher than in untreated aging oocytes (36.78 ± 0.86% vs. 27.55 ± 2.60%, respectively, p < .05). The KAE‐treated aging oocytes had significantly reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (p < .05). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of the embryonic pluripotency‐related genes Oct4, NANOG, and ITGA5 were significantly increased in blastocysts derived from KAE‐treated oocytes (p < .05). During excessive oocyte culture, KAE treatment maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced apoptosis; however, this was not observed in untreated aging oocytes. In conclusion, our results suggest that KAE treatment can alleviate the aging of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function.