早熟番茄苗期光合特性的研究

研究结果表明,早熟番茄苗期同一片真叶上不同部位侧生裂片的光合、蒸腾速度不同,其大小依次为中部〉顶部〉基部,叶温和气孔阻力正好相反。４个早熟品种净光合速率表现为秦粉２号〉西粉３号〉秦粉５号〉早丰,蒸腾速率为早丰〉秦粉２号〉秦粉５号西粉３号。秦粉２号、西粉３号两品种光合速率及品变化为单峰型,无午休现象,其日变化趋势与有效光强变化平行或一致。     

红小豆的栽培技术

红小豆是静海县主要传统小杂粮之一。它是集主食、副食、饮料、医药等多用途为一体的豆科作物。近年来社会需求量猛增,价格上升,成为市场上的紧俏商品。红小豆营养非常丰富,据测定,红小豆中含蛋白质19％～22％、脂肪0．4％～2．7％、碳水化合物56％～61％。此外,还含有人体必需氨基酸。发展红小豆生产对调整种植业结构,发展外向型经济都具有十分重要的作用。     

高产抗病杂交稻新组合Ⅱ优218

以采用分子标记辅助育种技术培育的含Xa21白叶枯病抗性基因的恢复系中恢218与印水型高异交率不育系Ⅱ-32A配组育成的中晚稻新组合Ⅱ优218,具有高产稳产、抗稻瘟病、适应性广、制种产量高、米饭口感较好等特点。2005年2月通过浙江省品种审定。     

Rooting systems of oilseed and pulse crops I: Temporal growth patterns across the plant developmental periods

Oilseed and pulse crops have been increasingly used to diversify cereal-based cropping systems in semiarid environments, but little is known about the root characteristics of these broadleaf crops. This study was to characterize the temporal growth patterns of the roots of selected oilseed and pulse crops, and determine the response of root growth patterns to water availability in semiarid environments. Canola (Brassica napus L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), mustard (Brassica juncea L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris), and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested under high- (rainfall + irrigation) and low- (rainfall only) water availability conditions in southwest Saskatchewan, in 2006 and 2007. Crops were hand-planted in lysimeters of 15 cm in diameter and 100 cm in length that were installed in the field prior to seeding. Roots were sampled at the crop stages of seedling, early-flower, late-flower, late-pod, and physiological maturity. On average, root length density, surface area, diameter, and the number of tips at the seedling stage were, respectively, 41, 25, 14, and 110% greater in the drier 2007 than the corresponding values in 2006. Root growth in all crops progressed rapidly from seedling, reached a maximum at late-flower or late-pod stages, and then declined to maturity; this pattern was consistent under both high- and low-water conditions. At the late-flower stage, root growth was most sensitive to water availability, and the magnitude of the response differed between crop species. Increased water availability increased canola root length density by 70%, root surface area by 67%, and root tips by 79% compared with canola grown under low-water conditions. Water availability had a marginal influence on the root growth of flax and mustard, and had no effect on pulse crops. Wheat and two Brassica oilseeds had greater root length density, surface area and root tips throughout the entire growth period than flax and three pulses, while pulse crops had thicker roots with larger diameters than the other species. Sampling roots at the late-flower stage will allow researchers to capture best information on root morphology in oilseed and pulse crops. The different root morphological characteristics of oilseeds, pulses, and wheat may serve as a science basis upon which diversified cropping systems are developed for semiarid environments.     

BNS型杂交小麦不同出粉点面粉的品质特性

为给BNS型杂交小麦的进一步推广应用提供参考依据,以BNS低温敏感雄性不育系衍生的两个杂交小麦及常规小麦品种百农矮抗58为材料,研究了制粉系统各出粉点面粉的品质特性.结果表明,不同出粉点的面粉品质性状间存在差异,皮磨粉的灰分含量少,白度值、干湿面筋含量、稳定时间、峰值黏度、最终黏度、回生值等均最高;心磨粉的粗蛋白含量、灰分含量、破损淀粉含量、吸水率、形成时间、弱化度等随出粉点后移呈升高趋势,而白度、干湿面筋含量、稳定时间、峰值黏度、低谷黏度、稀懈值、最终黏度、回生值等随出粉点后移而降低;同一出粉点不同材料的品质特性具有明显差异.杂交小麦不同出粉点品质的变化趋势与常规小麦基本一致.     

豆豉特用大豆几个性状与籽粒产量的相关分析

本文分析了10个特用大豆品种的几个生理性状与小区籽粒产量的相关性。结果表明:鼓粒初期叶绿素a、(a+b)含量与小区籽粒产量有显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0.7109、0.6799;光合速率、叶氮(％)、比叶重与小区籽粒产量的相关系数均不显著。通径分析表明:苗期和鼓粒初期的比叶重对小区籽粒产量有较大的负效应,开花期和鼓粒末期的比叶重对小区籽粒产量有较大的正效应。从24个因子中经逐步回归筛选得到一个含有6因子的回归模型:Y=4.0311+0.1625x_4+0.5569x_5-273.1188x_9-278.8875x_(10)+274.7645x_(11)-0.7925x_(10)用此模型模拟小区籽粒产量可靠性较好。     

小麦新品种百农矮抗58及其亲本矮秆基因的检测

为探索百农矮抗58小麦所含的矮秆基因及其来源,应用赤霉素反应和分子标记检测了百农矮抗58及其亲本周麦11、豫麦49号、郑州8960的矮秆基因。结果表明:郑州8960为赤霉素敏感型,其他3个品种对赤霉素不敏感;分子标记检测显示,矮抗58、豫麦49号、郑州8960携带Rht-D1b基因,周麦11携带Rht-B1b基因,4个品种均没有扩增出Rht8基因的192bp标准带。     

花生属（ArachisL．）多年生野生种组织培养研究初报

本文通过对多年生野花生顶芽、叶片、下胚轴、带叶腋茎段离体组织培养和再生条件的研究，观察到叶圆片３周后形成淡黄绿色愈伤组织，但未能分化出幼芽，上胚轴逐渐褐化、枯死；顶芽在ＭＳ＋ＢＡ＿２＋ＫＴ＿２＋ＯＡ３＿２＋ＬＨ＿（５００）生长势最强，形成众多丛生芽，频率为９８％；茎段嫩枝在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ＿２＋ＢＡ＿１上分化出幼芽．正常幼芽在１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ＿１上．１０ｄ后长出不定根，并发育成小植株．     

以酸葡萄酒为原科酿制食醋新工艺的研究

以酸葡萄酒为原料，采用氧化塔法液体发酵新工艺酿制食醋，工艺简单可行，生产周期短，成本低，产品的产量和质量均达到了国家和企业标准。同时，研究了一套适合该法生产食醋的搅拌式自动控温培养箱。另外，在菌种的补充、抑制菌膜的生产等方面做了系统的研究，取得了满意的成果。