Protective effect of ethyl pyruvate against LPS-induced acute lung injury in dogs with septic shock

AIM:To investigate the effect of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on acute lung injury in dogs with septic shock.METHODS:Twenty dogs with septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were randomly divided into two groups:dog received placebo (Ringers solution; control group, n=8) or ethyl pyruvate in lactated Ringers solution (0.05 g/kg loading dose over 10 min, thereafter 0.05 g· kg-1·h-1 for 12 h; EP treatment group, n=12).The parameters of respiratory mechanics, including lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn), lung total compliance (Ctot), inspiratory airway resistance (Rawi), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), work of breathing (WOB), and arterial blood gases were monitored every 4 h after basic measurements (pre-LPS).The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum were also detected by ELISA and compared between two groups.RESULTS:The changes of respiratory mechanics and arterial blood gases were in line with acute lung injury after septic shock induced by LPS.Oxygen index (OI), HCO-3and pH dropped 4 h after septic shock.On the contrary, PCO2 elevated significantly compared with that of septic shock before (P<0.05).Cdyn, Ctot decreased and Rawi, PIP, WOB increased significantly 8 h after septic shock (P<0.05).The changes in parameters of respiratory mechanics and arterial blood gases in control group were more distinguished than those in EP treatment group.There were significantly differences between two groups 8 h after septic shock (P<0.05).Although the significant improvement of respiratory mechanics was not observed, EP did prevent the parameters from worsening further more.Significantly differences between the two groups 12 h after septic shock (P<0.05) were found.Ethyl pyruvate also regulated the network of cytokines:increased the level of TNF-α, IL-6 and reduced the content of IL-10 in serum significantly compared with control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Ethyl pyruvate has protective effects on acute lung injury in dogs with septic shock.     

Effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of autogenous vein graft in rats. METHODS: The model of autogenous vein graft was prepared by transplanting the external jugular vein into aorta in Wistar rats. The rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group, graft control group and graft experimental group. From three days after transplantation, the rats of autograft experimental group were treated by atorvastatin at a dosage of 5 mg·kg-1·d-1. Four weeks after treatment, venous autografts were removed at autopsy and cut into 4 μm sections. Histopathological examination was carried out to analysis the neointimal hyperplasia of grafted veins. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate SMα-actin and PCNA expression of neointimal cells in venous autografts. RESULTS: In venous autograft control and experimental groups, SMα-actin-positive smooth muscle cells were proliferated and accumulated excessively in venous autografts, which resulted in significant neointimal formation and vascular lumen narrowing. Neointima quantitative assay revealed that the neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts was suppressed obviously in graft experimental group, and its neointimal area and NIA/MA ratio of venous autografts were significantly lower than those in graft control group (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical assay indicated that the PCNA labeling index of neointimal cells was significantly lower in graft experimental group than that in graft control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin significantly inhibits the proliferation of neointimal smooth muscle cells and the development of neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats. Atorvastatin is a powerful inhibitor of restenosis after vascular reconstructive operation with a potential for therapeutic use.     

背负式喷雾喷粉机的现状及发展

作物病虫草害是农业生产的最大障碍,实施防治其危害的植保机械,是保证增产稳产的重要措施。植保机械使用技术严重落后的现状与高速发展的农药水平极不相称,已严重妨碍了农作物病虫草害的防治,带来了诸如农药有效利用率低、农产品中农药残留超标、环境污染、作物药害、操作者中毒等负面影响,造成了不应有的损失以及其他不良后果。为此,植保机械需从结构、配套产品、药水配制和用材等多方面进行改进,以推进植保技术发展。     

Progress in roles of MNX1 antisense RNA 1 in malignant tumor

MNX1 antisense RNA 1 （MNX1-AS1） is a newly discovered long non-coding RNA （lncRNA）, which is highly dysregulated in various carcinomas and its expression level is closely related to the overall survival and prognosis of patients. MNX1-AS1 regulates the occurrence and development of carcinomas by endogenous competitive adsorption of miRNA, regulating cell cycle, inducing epithelial mesenchymal transformation and activating multiple signaling pathways. The in-depth study of the carcinogenesis of MNX1-AS1 is useful for the early diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of relevant carcinomas. This article reviews the roles of MNX1-AS1 in malignant tumor.     

原位胚拯救技术获得花生属区组间杂种的研究

花生野生种尤其是不亲和野生种,具有高产、抗逆等优异基因,但长期以来得不到有效利用。为选育高油酸抗逆花生新品种,以高油酸品种花育963为母本、不亲和野生花生作父本杂交,采用原位胚拯救技术直接收获花生不亲和种间杂种F_1。利用MITE转座子分子标记对杂种进行真实性鉴定。结果表明萁中有35粒样品同时具有双亲条带,为真杂种,真杂种率为44.3%。近红外分析表明,真杂种油酸含量显著低于高油酸花生,为杂种真实性提供了旁证。     

一株对玉米螟高毒力的苏云金芽孢杆菌的鉴定及其杀虫活性

从田间土壤中收集并分离获得野生菌株,进行菌体、伴孢晶体形态学观察及分子生物学鉴定,测定其对玉米螟及水稻二化螟的室内生物活性。结果表明,该菌株革兰氏染色阳性,产生的伴孢晶体形状多为不规则形。16S rDNA序列与苏云金芽孢杆菌属的BMB 171同源性达99%,鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌,命名为JN002。该菌株对亚洲玉米螟具有较高毒力,对水稻二化螟毒性不及玉米螟,对黏虫几乎无毒力。该菌株是1株对亚洲玉米螟具有较强毒力的苏云金芽孢杆菌新菌株,同时也具备防治水稻二化螟的潜力。     

Involvement of TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome in contrast medium-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were involved in contrast medium (CM)-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Iopromide was used to injure NRK-52E cells in the study. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speckle-like protein (ASC), caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. The releases of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. The apoptotic rate was evaluated by Hoechst staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by JC-1 staining. siRNA was transfected into the NRK-52E cells to silence NLRP3 expression. RESULTS: CM decreased the viability of NRK-52E cells (P<0.05). CM also elevated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05). Silencing NLRP3 attenuated CM-induced releases of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or knockdown of NLRP3 by siRNA transfection both attenuated cell apoptosis and loss of MMP caused by CM. CONCLUSION: TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome takes part in the pathogenesis of CM-induced acute kidney injury, and mediates CM-induced injury and inflammation in renal tubular epithelial cells.     

我国本地假俭草的特性与应用

在简要介绍假俭草的生态分布及生境类型的基础上,详细介绍了假俭草的耐荫、抗病、抗虫、耐践踏、耐瘠薄、耐旱、耐寒、耐药、抗污染等特性,并与其它暖季型草种进行了比较。回顾了假俭草遗传多样性研究、育种等方面的进展及应用情况。提出假俭草新品种可实现草坪的"少修剪、不打药、不施肥、不灌溉"的低养护管理目标,其推广应用可最大限度地降低草坪的养护成本,为我国城市绿地及球场建设做出贡献。建议在广泛收集全国野生假俭草种质资源的基础上,加强新品种选育工作,培育优良品系,加大引种繁育力度,扩大其适应地域,以提高假俭草利用率,促进我国草业的发展。     

摘叶处理对“赤霞珠”葡萄3-异丁基-2-甲氧基吡嗪积累的影响

以5年生"赤霞珠"葡萄为试材,通过果穗周围叶片全部摘除的方式,采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)结合气质联用(GC-MS)技术,利用稳定同位素做内标来检测葡萄果实中3-异丁基-2-甲氧基吡嗪(IBMP)的含量,确定最佳摘叶处理的时间以有效降低烟台"赤霞珠"葡萄中IBMP的含量。结果表明:花前摘叶处理可以明显降低葡萄果实中IBMP的含量,而转色期摘叶不会影响葡萄果实中IBMP的含量;HS-SPME结合GC-MS,利用稳定同位素做内标的方法具有较低的检测限和定量限。花前摘叶处理能有效降低"赤霞珠"葡萄IBMP的含量,进而可以改善胶东"赤霞珠"葡萄酒香气。     

5种蔷薇科树种多酚氧化酶比较基因组学分析

蔷薇科植物中有多种具有重要价值的水果,如苹果、梨、桃、草莓和黑树莓等。这些水果普遍容易发生由多酚氧化酶(PPO)介导的酶促褐变而导致重大经济损失,从全基因组角度分析比较PPO基因家族,有助于加深对PPO基因家族和功能的认识。采用比较基因组学的方法,对这5种植物的PPO基因家族进行了基因鉴定、染色体定位、编码蛋白的亚细胞定位、内含子统计分析、基因系统进化、基因倍增与丢失等特征分析。从这5种植物中,共计鉴定出了42个PPO基因,其中6个基因被认定是假基因;绝大多数基因编码的蛋白定位于叶绿体,2个定位于线粒体,3个是分泌型蛋白;PPO基因在染色体上有串联重复和散布两种形式;9个基因具有内含子,聚类结果显示可以将它们分为6个类型,每个基因类型在进化过程中都发生过基因倍增和丢失;同型基因内含子的位置和大小具有相似性。这些结果揭示蔷薇科植物PPO基因内含子是伴随着基因倍增产生的,基因倍增也是推动PPO基因多样化的重要动力,PPO基因倍增和丢失差异导致PPO基因数量在不同物种之间产生差异。