Spectroscopic Observation of the Formyl Cation in a Condensed Phase

The formyl cation, HCO+, has long been believed to be an important intermediate in the chemistry of carbon monoxide (CO) in acidic environments, but its spectroscopic observation in solution has been elusive. This species was generated by the reaction of CO with the liquid superacid hydrofluoric acid-antimony pentafluoride (HF-SbF5) under pressure and was observed by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Equilibria between CO in the gas phase, CO dissolved in HF-SbF5, the SbF5 adduct of formyl fluoride, and HCO+ associated with several equilibrating anions of the type [SbxF5x+1]- are proposed to describe the system.     

Predatory Dinosaurs from the Sahara and Late Cretaceous Faunal Differentiation

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) fossils discovered in the Kem Kem region of Morocco include large predatory dinosaurs that inhabited Africa as it drifted into geographic isolation. One, represented by a skull approximately 1.6 meters in length, is an advanced allosauroid referable to the African genus Carcharodontosaurus. Another, represented by a partial skeleton with slender proportions, is a new basal coelurosaur closely resembling the Egyptian genus Bahariasaurus. Comparisons with Cretaceous theropods from other continents reveal a previously unrecognized global radiation of carcharodontosaurid predators. Substantial geographic differentiation of dinosaurian faunas in response to continental drift appears to have arisen abruptly at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous.     

Cardiorespiratory Effects of Combined Midazolam and Butorphanol in Isoflurane-anesthetized Cats

The cardiorespiratory effects of midazolam (0.1 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg) were evaluated in seven cats. Cats were induced in a chamber, removed and intubated, and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Cardiorespiratory data were recorded before and 3, 10,20,30,40,50, and 60 minutes after intravenous injection of midazolam-butorphanol. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and respiration rate were significantly (p < .05) decreased below baseline at various times throughout the study. Tidal volume and minute ventilation were unchanged. End-tidal carbon dioxide was significantly (p < .05) increased above baseline for 30 minutes. Midazolam-butorphanol administered intravenously induced significant alterations in several cardiorespiratory parameters in isoflurane-anesthetized cats.     

Giant Cell Dermatosis in FeLV-positive Cats

Abstract— Giant cell dermatosisis is reported in six cats with evidence of concurrent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection. Scaling, crusting and alopecia, accompanied by pruritus, affected the head and/or face predominantly in most cats; generalized skin disease developed in one cat. Histologically, giant keratinocytes resembling syncytial cells were found in the epidermis and superficial hair follicles, and were accompanied by dyskeratosis, pustules and ulcers. Immunohistochemical staining revealed FeLV antigen in the giant cells and adjacent keratinocytes. FeLV infection may have led to neoplastic alteration of the keratinocytes through recombination with host oncogenes
Resumen  Este artículo se basa en seis gatos con dermatosis de las células gigantes infectados con el virus FeLV. Éstos animales presentaban escamas y costras, así como pérdida de pelo y picor en las regiones de la cabera y cara, predominantemente. Tan solo uno de los gatos desarrolló una dermatosis generalizada. En el exámen histológico se demostró la presencia de keratinocitos gigantes con semejonza a las células sinticiales localizados en la epidermis y folículos pilosos superficiales, acompañados de disqueratosis, pústulas y ülceras. Las finturas histo-inmunológicas demostraron el antígeno FeLV en las células gigantes y keratinocitos adyacentes. La injeccion con el virus FeLV pudo haber conducido a la alteración neoplástica de los keratinocitos a través de la recombinación con los oncogenes del hospedador.