CJD交流电力测功机的研制

介绍了自行研制的CJD交流电力测功机的结构、工作原理以及系统控制的实现过程.运行结果表明,该CJD交流电力测功机具有结构简单,稳定性、可靠性好,使用方便,适用性广等特点,节能效果显著,能量反馈效率最高可达到74%.     

长江中游两个湖泊沉积物中枝角类微化石密度的垂直变化研究

湖泊沉积物中保存的枝角类微化石不仅能够重建湖泊枝角类的群落演替历史,还能反映人类活动的干扰强度。本文研究了龙感湖、武昌湖沉积物中枝角类微化石组成、密度垂直变化以及人类活动干扰对其影响。结果表明：在龙感湖和武昌湖沉积物中,分别鉴定出9种和12种枝角类卵鞍。龙感湖沉积物中的枝角类总卵鞍密度（LG1: 2.22 ind./(g·dw);LG2: 2.57 ind./(g·dw)）高于武昌湖（1.63 ind./(g·dw),象鼻溞壳刺的平均密度（LG1: 360.53 ind./(g·dw);LG2: 558.26 ind./(g·dw)）显著高于武昌湖（1.52 ind./(g·dw)）。自20世纪60年代以来,武昌湖沉积物中枝角类的优势类群由裸腹溞属、尖额溞属种类向裸腹溞属、盘肠溞属种类转变。龙感湖在1950年前,枝角类卵鞍的优势种群为盘肠溞属种类;而1950以后,其优势类群由盘肠溞属、裸腹溞属种类向象鼻溞属种类转变。两个湖泊沉积物中枝角类卵鞍和象鼻溞壳刺密度的垂直变化与湖泊富养化过程和渔业养殖历史相一致。结果表明,人类活动的干扰强度影响了长江中下游湖泊沉积物中枝角类微化石的组成和密度变化。     

乌兰布和沙漠东北缘防护林内外沙尘暴低空结构特征

基于内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站近地层(050m)风沙监测塔所收集的8次沙尘暴的沙尘水平通量、垂直通量和风速风向数据,对乌兰布和沙漠东北缘中小尺度条件下的防护林内外沙尘暴过程中风况变化、沙尘分布特征以及防护林对沙尘暴的影响进行研究。结果表明:①沙尘暴发生过程中,防护林内外风速均随高度增加呈现递增趋势,风速廓线特征遵循幂函数,防护林内外均以W、WNW、NE方向为主,但每个方向所占比例不同。②防护林外沙尘水平通量及沙尘浓度随高度增高显著减小,其垂直分布特征均符合指数函数关系;防护林内沙尘水平通量及沙尘浓度则随着高度增高缓慢上升,其垂直分布特征均符合幂函数关系。沙尘垂直通量则均随着高度的增高明显减小,其垂直分布特征均符合幂函数关系。③沙尘暴经过防护林体系时,风速显著削弱,平均消减31.03%;沙尘水平通量降低298.16g·m^-2,垂直通量降低0.37g·m^-2,沙尘浓度降低22.48g·m^-2。     

亚硝酸盐在水生动物体内的吸收机制及蓄积的影响因素

亚硝酸盐是水产养殖系统中一种潜在的污染物,淡水鱼类通过鳃主动吸收亚硝酸盐,导致体内亚硝酸盐的浓度过高。海水鱼类对亚硝酸盐的敏感性较低,但仍可以通过肠和鳃吸收亚硝酸盐。影响亚硝酸盐在体内蓄积的因素很多,文章就亚硝酸盐在水生动物体内的吸收及蓄积的影响因素这2个方面进行了论述。     

基于12SrRNA和ND3基因序列分析巨[鱼丕]遗传多样性及系统进化

为从分子水平研究巨[鱼丕](Bagarius yarrelli Sykes)的遗传多样性和系统进化关系,本实验对采集于怒江、澜沧江、元江3河流5种群中的60个个体进行12S rRNA和ND3基因序列的PCR扩增,同时与红河河口群体12个个体的12S rRNA和ND3基因序列进行比对分析,采用Mega5.02软件对碱基组成、Kimura-2 parameter遗传距离、可变位点等进行分析。应用DnaSP软件进行遗传多样性相关参数的计算。结果显示:12S rRNA和ND3基因序列长度分别为954 bp和346 bp(349 bp),分别定义了51个单倍型和42个单倍型,12S rRNA和ND3序列中的碱基平均含量分别为:T为20.8%、C为25.7%、A为32.1%、G为21.4%和T为29.5%、C为28.2%、A为28.1%、G为14.1%,表现出明显的A+T偏倚性;6个群体的群体内和群体间的遗传距离分别为0.003~0.284(12S rRNA),0.009~0.059(ND3)和0.004~1.062(12S rRNA),0.008~0.143(ND3);12S rRNA基因的51个单倍型和ND3基因的42个单倍型序列总的单倍型多样性(Hd)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)及核苷酸平均差异数(K)分别为0.972和0.937、0.035和0.079、31.414和27.176,均显示出丰富的遗传多样性。结合从GenBank中下载的12S rRNA和ND3基因同源序列的[鱼丕]科9属10种鱼类进行系统发育树的构建,结果表明巨[鱼丕]独自汇聚成一大单系群,怒江潞江坝群体、怒江三江口群体及澜沧江临沧群体间关系较近,澜沧江景洪群体可单独构成一个单系种群,红河河口群体、红河曼耗群体与其它巨[鱼丕]构成一单系种群后再同澜沧江景洪群体汇聚成一支。     

赤点石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼杂交子一代肌肉营养成分分析与评价

为分析赤点石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼杂交子一代的营养组成,参照国家标准,测定了体质量(182.84±29.35) g杂交石斑鱼肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成,并对肌肉营养价值进行了评定。试验结果显示,杂交石斑鱼肌肉水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的含量分别为(74.07±0.71)%、(21.52±0.78)%、(4.03±0.15)%和(1.29±0.07)%。肌肉鲜样中测定了17种氨基酸,总量为(19.88±0.15)%;必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸总量分别为(8.64±0.13)%和(7.64±0.16)%,必需氨基酸指数为85.19,必需氨基酸组成符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织标准。肌肉鲜样中含有17种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸分别占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(27.63±1.15)%、(22.75±1.22)%和(32.59±1.90)%,其中二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(19.27±1.27)%。研究表明,赤点石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼杂交子一代具有较高营养价值,可作为新品种进行开发。     

Jagged1 knocking down in endothelial cells accelerates PDGF induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of Jagged1 expression in endothelial cells (EC) on platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in rat.METHODS: Rat aorta EC was inoculated in the lower chamber and VSMC were in the upper chamber of the cell coculture system. Three groups were divided: control, sicontrol and siJagged1. The EC Jagged1 protein expression was assayed by Western blotting to evaluate small RNA interfering (RNAi) efficiency. After the cells were cocultured with PDGF for 24 h, the proliferation and migration of VSMC were respectively evaluated by ［3H］-TdR incorporation and migrating cells counting. Protein expression of α-SM-actin in VSMC was assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS: The Jagged1 protein expression in EC was significantly lower in siJagged1 group than that in control group (0.26±0.02 vs 0.67±0.02, P<0.05), and no statistic significance was observed between control and sicontrol groups. The VSMC ［3H］-TdR incorporation and migration were higher in PDGF +siJagged1 group than those in PDGF group {［3H］-TdR incorporation (23 074±2 702) counts·min-1·well-1 vs (16 442±1 803)counts·min-1·well-1, n=5, P<0.05; migration (27±4) cells/field vs (15±3)cells/field, n=5, P<0.05}. The α-SM-actin protein in VSMC was lower in PDGF + siJagged1 group than that in PDGF group (0.25±0.06 vs 0.49±0.04, n=3, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Jagged1 knock down in rat EC accelerates PDGF induced proliferation and migration of VSMC. These results suggest that Jagged1 expression in EC plays an important role in maintaining VSMC contract phenotype and inhibiting VSMC overgrowth after arterial injury.     

黄瓜果实曲直性评价方法及相关性分析

以48份黄瓜品种为试材,采用刨分法测量其果实弯曲度,通过黄瓜果实形态指标和相关分析可知弯曲度与果长、果柄长、果柄长/果长、果长/果横径显著正相关,与种腔大小、种腔/果横径极显著负相关,与果横径显著负相关,与果肉厚不相关。依据果形指数和弯曲度对黄瓜进行了分级。筛选出顺直品种8份,次弯曲品种9份,弯曲品种31份。     

山葡萄‘双红’、‘双优’在戈壁滩上栽培的表现

报道我国西部栽培的‘双红’和‘双优’两个山葡萄品种不埋土能正常越冬,调查、测定和分析这两个山葡萄品种在冬季寒冷、冬春又极干旱的西部戈壁滩上栽培的生产表现。两个山葡萄品种根系耐低温能力比欧亚种酿酒葡萄品种强,枝条保水能力更强,因此,在干旱荒漠的戈壁石砾地上不埋土能安全越冬和抗御春日多风和干旱。一年生枝条长势好,花芽能正常形成,但在开花季节花序干枯和脱落现象严重。‘双红’、‘双优’山葡萄表现生产性能差、果穗少、果穗小、穗重轻、果粒小,故产量低,仅为原产地的1／3,但其品质好,可溶性固形物高出3．9～4．6个百分点。为使‘双红’、‘双优’在河西戈壁滩上栽培,既不埋土又有较高的产量,提出一些解决措施。     

Suppression of Rice Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis by Mass Trapping Using Synthetic Sex Pheromone in Paddy Field

Suppressing effects of mass trapping using synthetic sex pheromone with main active ingredients of Z-11-hexadece-nal, Z-13-octadecenal and Z-9-hexadecenal on the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis were investigated during the flight periods of the overwintering and 1^st generation in the paddy area of 60 ha in 1999. Population density of C. suppressalis in the pheromone-treated fields was lower than that in control. The egg masses decreased by 74. 39% and population size of adult males of the 1^st generation decreased by 61.64% in the treated fields as compared to control. Meanwhile, the damage by C.suppressalis larvae was significantly lower in the treated fields than control (t-test, P=0.05). Percentages of brownish leaf sheath, dead heart, and white head in the treated fields were decreased by 70.90%, 57.01% and 44.30%, respectively in contrast to control. The present study demonstrated that mass trapping to C. suppressalis using synthetic sex pheromone shows great potential as an alternative measure in an environment-friendly pest management and at the same challenging the insecticide use that has some environment impacts.